hello, it's wednesday november 22nd, it's 9 o'clock, i'm victoria derbyshire, welcome to the programme. he's known as the butcher of bosnia — the commander accused of presiding over the killing of thousands of men and boys in bosnia in the 1990s will learn his fate in the next hour, after being on trial for genocide for five years. translation: i didn't think they would kill so many people, but in the end they even killed children — 1a,15,16 years old — and men over 70. i couldn't believe that they would kill people like that. live coverage from the hague throughout the programme, we are told the verdict is due around 9:45am. also the chancellor philip hammond will set out the government's spending plans today in his budget. he's under pressure even from some mps in his own party to put more money into housing, schools and the nhs. here is one independent expert. now it looks like the outlook is even

worse, his choice is desi offset that borrowing with more austerity or add to and with more giveaways. a difficult decision, made worse by the uncertainty around brexit and a very slim parliamentary majority. we will find out how you could be affected. and earlier this year one paralympian made an exclusive film for you about the lack of disabled toilet access on trains. my name is anne wafula strike. i am a paralympian. i have won medals in wheelchair racing. i have an mbe. but last year i was forced to wet myself on a train. she has now been awarded compensation from the train company. we'll be talking to her a little later in the programme. hello, welcome to the programme, we're live until 11 this morning. if you're watching i'm a celebrity,

as millions of us are, you'll know youtuberjack maynard is out of the programme afterjust 72 hours. itv say, "due to circumstances outside the camp, jack has had to withdraw from the show." we'll talk about the real reasons he's gone after 10:30 this morning. here's how to get in touch today. send us an email at victoria@bbc.co.uk, message us on twitter or facebook. our top story today — in the next hour, the united nations war crimes tribunal for the former yugoslavia is due to deliver its verdict in the trial of ratko mladic, the military commander of bosnian serb forces in the 1990s. he faces two charges of genocide, and nine of war crimes and crimes against humanity. they include the massacre of 8,000 muslim men and boys at srebrenica. he denies all the charges. we'll bring you the verdict live and get reaction from those who survived what's been described by some as "ethnic cleansing". here is a reminder of how his role

in this devastating conflict played out. this is the man known as the butcher of bosnia. ratko mladic, former commander of the bosnian serb forces. in the 1990s, during the bosnian war, men he commanded killed thousands of non—serbs, and forced hundreds of thousands more from their homes. his alleged plan had been to ethnically cleanse serbia, targeting muslim bosnians and bosnian serbs. translation: i didn't think they would kill so many people, but in the end they even killed children — 1a,15,16 years old — and men over 70. i couldn't believe that they would kill people like that. mladic is considered to have been one of the key architects of the siege of sarajevo in 1992, in which an estimated 10,000 people died. and in 1995 his forces massacred more than 8000 men and boys, at the supposedly un safe

haven of srebrenica. over five days, they reportedly machine—gunned them in groups of ten, before they were buried by bulldozers in mass graves. mladic faces two counts of genocide and nine counts of war crimes and crimes against humanity. he was charged in 1995, and then went on the run for 16 years, until finally being arrested in 2011. his trial began soon after, at the hague. that's the place where the mass execution took place. i could see the lines, and rows and rows of dead bodies, and ijust could hear moans, moans of other people who were wounded. in the serb part of bosnia, however, mladic remains to many a hero. today the international criminal

tribunal for former yugoslavia will deliver its verdict on mladic, over 20 years after he was first charged. this is the scene live in the hague. this is the scene live in the hague. this is the presiding judge. he is outlining the charges, we can listen 110w. outlining the charges, we can listen now. translation: the accused stood trial for 11 crimes allegedly committed in his capacity as commander of the serbian republic, between may 12, 1992, and 30th november 19 95. the indictment charged, two counts of genocide and five counts of crimes against humanity, namely persecution, murder, extermination, deportation, and the inhumane act of forcible

transfer. it also charged four can solve violations of the laws or customs of war, —— four counts, namely murder, acts which the primary purpose was to spread terror among the population, unlawful attacks on civilians, and the taking of hostages. the geographical scope of hostages. the geographical scope of the indictment included sarajevo, sir pulitzer, and 15 municipalities in bosnia and herzegovina. the prosecution alleged that the accused participated in fourjoint criminal enterprises, also known asjces, which i will summarise. first, an overarching enterprise... we will

leave the presiding judge at the international criminal tribunal, you will have seen right, tadic — ratko mladic looking pretty nonchala nt, accused of crimes against humanity. a spokesman for the tribunal says thejudge will read a spokesman for the tribunal says the judge will read that summary, it is quite long and it could take up to an hour, and the last few paragraphs of the summary will reveal whether the trial chamber has decided whether general ratko mladic is guilty or not. we will bring you those verdicts live from the hague as $001] those verdicts live from the hague as soon as they happen and we will bring your reaction, of course. now the rest of the morning ‘s news with rebecca. good morning. the chancellor, philip hammond, will present his budget in parliament later. he'll set out what he describes

as his plans to seize the tensions over the talks with brussels and division in government over the eu don't make the chancellor's job any easier. any controversial budget plans, like tax rises or spending cuts, will be a difficult sell without an overall majority in the commons. budget that will trigger the revival

that the party and the prime minister need. the stakes are high for the chancellor, and with some in his own party wanting him sacked, any slip—ups and he could find himself out of a job. eleanor garnier, bbc news, westminster. let's get more from our political guru norman smith in downing street. as we heard, norman, the stakes could not be higher. how much pressure is mr hammond under today? huge pressure, notjust politically but also personally because many tory mps seem to be almost taking the view that if mr hammond fails, good riddance to him. why? because of brexit. some view him as unduly negative and critical to brexit and

to be quite comfortable if he was no longer chancellor. so he personally has an enormous amount riding on this budget, first to make sure there are no gaffes like in the last budget when there was that you turn over national insurance contributions, and also in terms of tone. they want mr hammond to strike a more upbeat, confident time, particularly about britain's prospects once we leave the eu. against that, his room for manoeuvre is incredibly constrained. because there is no money. we know there is a persistent deficit, the economy is slowing, there's brexit uncertainty, productivity still struggling, and politically the government doesn't have the majority to push through radical measures. so despite all the pressure on mr hammond to come up with something big, the scope for doing so is very, very tight. will talk to you later, norman, thank you. uber has admitted that it concealed a massive global breach of the personal information of 57 million customers

and drivers, which took place in october last year. the ride—sharing firm confirmed it had paid the hackers responsible £75,000 to delete the data, which included customer names, e—mail addresses and mobile phone numbers. celebrations continued late into the night in zimbabwe following the resignation of president robert mugabe. there were jubilant scenes on the streets after the 93—year—old confirmed that he would step down in a letter. it is expected that his former liberty, emmerson mnangagwa, who was sacked last week, will be sworn in as replacement —— former deputy. david cassidy, who found fame in the television series the partridge family before going on to become a 1970s teen pop idol, has died at the age 67. he was admitted to hospital last week after suffering multiple organ failure. earlier this year the singer said he had dementia and would stop

touring in order to "enjoy life". that's a summary of the latest bbc news, more at 9:30. thank you. good morning, welcome to the programme, now the sports news. will you have the radio on all night for the start of the ashes? it's ha rd to for the start of the ashes? it's hard to tell, it is so late, it all begins at midnight tonight, do i stay up go to bed and hear about the end of it in the morning? the first test begins in brisbane. jake ball is in the england squad, he missed pa rt is in the england squad, he missed part of the final warm up game with an ankle injury. he seems to have ove rco m e an ankle injury. he seems to have overcome it and has been chosen ahead of great 0verton. captainjoe root says jake ball's approach on the australia surfaces could be challenging for them especially if australia don't have the opening bat david warner. he has a stiff neck.

they have a player on stand—by for him. australia captain steve smith says he should be ok. we can hear from joe root about that squad selection. it wasn't an easy decision, i thought, selection. it wasn't an easy decision, ithought, craig has come in and everything that has been asked of him, he has done brilliantly. the guys on their first tour have stood up to their first tour have stood up to the challenge and really impressed. in that regard, it is great, because the whole squad seems to be performing in those warm up games and we build some nice momentum going in. jake has been bowling well when he's had his opportunities on the tour, the way he goes about things and these surfaces could be really challenging for the australians. now the champions league. i wasjust australians. now the champions league. i was just thinking, australians. now the champions league. i wasjust thinking, to listen to coverage, five live and test match special will be on from 11 o'clock tonight, test match special is on radio 4 longwave. liverpool kind of imploded last

night but city and tottenham have won their groups. a mixed bag for british clubs in champions league action. liverpool were leading 3—0 against sevilla at half—time but it was a second—half to forget when opponents pulled back three. liverpool's defensive problems exposed once more. managerjurgen klopp insists there is no problem with the liverpool mentality, following the second—half collapse and misjudgements, if they had one they would have qualified for the knockout stages of the champions league which they haven't done since 2009. now they need to avoid defeat when they host spartak moscow next month. two and a half times, in the second half we made a mistake that we did not carry on playing well, it is normal to try to control the game but a team like we are, we have to control the game with the ball, we didn't play football any more. an incredible comeback for sevilla,

perhaps inspired by eduardo brito, who told his players he is suffering from prostate cancer at half—time. —— eduardo berizzo. all the players rushed over to their boss when they scored, and just to let you know, manchester city and tottenham are both through to the knockout stages after wins last night. that must have been really emotional at half—time, thank you, jazz. —— jess. there's only so much money to go round and the chancellor needs to decide who needs it most when he delivers his annual budget later. this year he's under pressure to fund low—cost housing as well as finding money for major public services such as the nhs and schools. and with a reduced parliamentary majority following this year's general election, and brexit on the horizon, he's under more scrutiny than usual. john 0wen has been speaking to people with strong views about where the money should go. so it's all eyes on this man. with a reputation for caution, he is facing calls to be radical, and with the levers

of the government's finances at his fingertips, an awful lot hinges on what he has to say. today the chancellor of the exchequer will announce his budget. and it's one of those big political moments that really matters, because we'll find out the government's spending plans in all sort of areas that affect our daily lives, like health care and education. and we'll also find out what plans the government has to make changes to our taxes and benefits. for chancellors, budgets are always a risky business. 0ne slip could spell political catastrophe, but in the current climate that's truer than ever. theresa may's government is desperately looking for a reset moment to get its ship back on course, after a botched election, an unhappy conference, some seemingly endless cabinet infighting over brexit, and a couple of high—profile resignations. so expect a lot of speculation this morning about what the chancellor might or might not safe. but we thought we'd take a slightly different approach, because beneath the surface, budgets are ultimately all about which arguments win out in the constant tussle for resources that goes on between

different sectors. we're going to hear from people will be making an impassioned case for extra spending in their area of interest, to get a sense of the kind of arguments that the chancellor will have been hearing ahead of this budget. but first, we'll need to understand how much room for manoeuvre the chancellor actually has. the chancellor's in a very difficult position. the economy has grown very slowly over the last ten years. the deficit the government has is bigger than the level the chancellor wants, so to bring that down he had a plan to allow for more taxes to rise, more welfare cuts to work their way through, plus cuts to the budgets of many public services. so now it looks like the outlook for the economy has got even worse. his choice is does he try to offset that extra borrowing with more austerity? does he add to it with perhaps some giveaways? a very difficult decision, all made on top of the uncertainty around brexit, and a very slim parliamentary majority. so with those tough conditions in mind, where should the chancellor concentrate any spending power he has? well, a popular place to start might be the nhs. in fact, all governments say that

health care is a priority, and this one is no exception. but palliative care doctor rachel clarke argues that the nhs is in urgent need of more spending. right now in the nhs, conditions are as grim and unsafe as i have ever known them to be. we have the horribly familiar scenes in accident and emergency departments of patients lined up on trolleys in corridors, ambulances trapped on the hospital forecourts outside, unable to drop off their patients. people being treated in incredibly dangerous scenarios because there are no beds anywhere in the hospital. 0ur cancer performance statistics are right down at the bottom of the eu. 0ur waiting lists, we're now approaching 5 million people stuck on long waiting lists in this country. the trolley waits in a&e departments are horrendous, dangerous, and also getting worse and worse. on every conceivable metric, things are falling apart. the nhs is off the rails.

the fact is, and i can say this from my own personal experience, conditions arejust about as inhumane and unsafe as you could imagine right now, as we go into winter, and anybody from the government who had to look into the eyes of patients and relatives like i do, i think, would hang their heads in shame. what we need from the government to fix this isn't a token gesture — it's not a one—off tiny little amount of extra money. we need proper sustained investment, probably of the order of at least £4 billion according to best estimates. how about what we spend on our armed forces? with a new defence secretary recently appointed, will the chancellor heed calls for more spending on the military? former royal marine officerjames glancy says that a lack of investment might mean britain is left vulnerable. the world is increasingly an uncertain place.

we face a multitude of threats, whether that cyber attacks from state and non—state actors, and increase in proliferation of terrorism around the world. countries like iran, russia, north korea — they are strengthening their militaries. they are investing in innovation and technology. that mix of threats that britain faces now and in the future, we simply do not have the capability to respond to all those. we've been salami—slicing and cutting the defence budget, which means all our services — the navy, army and the raf — have less numbers, they have less equipment and they have not kept up with the pace of change that we are seeing globally. what we talk to see right now in defence from the treasury is an increase in defence spending. a minimum of £2 billion a year for the next four years. the uk's housing crisis has also been creeping up the political agenda recently,

as more and more people are paying high rents and are unable to raise enough money to get onto the property ladder. the chancellor has already said that he will announce plans to build 300,000 homes a year, but conservative backbencher and former planning minister nick boles is calling for more radicalism. we have a critical problem, which is having a huge economic impact, and the social impact. it's actually making our economy less efficient, and is making lives miserable, that people are not able to afford their own home. i think the fundamental problem we have is that we've been relying on the private—sector house—builders to build enough homes to meet our housing need, and our housing need is growing because our population is growing, partly because of ageing, partly because of immigration, partly because people want to move out from home at an earlier age. and we can'tjust rely on the private—sector house—builders to do it all. they've never done it all. throughout the history of the country,

since we introduced the planning system, they've only ever done a share of it. what we need is for government to get back into the business of building substantial numbers of houses every year, so what i'm proposing is that we create a new grenfell housing commission — called that obviously as a memorial to the people who died in the grenfell tower fire — which would actually commission 50,000 new affordable homes every year. and by affordable i mean genuinely affordable, like council houses and flats, homes that people who are working in, say, the nhs can afford to move into, and eventually hopefully to buy. of the many arguments over resources being had around whitehall at the moment, none have been more fierce than those relating to the government's flagship welfare reform, universal credit. the government has merged six

benefits into one to simplify the system, and promised that there are new approach will make work pay for claimants. but critics, like shadow work and pensions secretary debbie abrahams, argue that long waiting times for payments, and less generosity in the system as a whole, are causing misery. rumour has it that the chancellor will make some concessions in this area today, but don't bet on them being enough to silence critics. there are about 600,000 people who are on universal credit at the moment. over the winter, that's going to increase to a million, so that's not insignificant in terms of the numbers involved there. and as it's being rolled out we are hearing about more and more issues that relate to it, so for example the child poverty action group charity published evidence last week that's estimating by 2020 an additional1 million children, including 300,000 children underfive, will be pushed into poverty. now that is, you know, for the fifth richest country in the world, that's an absolute travesty. and there are also going to be

900,000 working—age adults who will be affected as well. so this is a government policy which is actually leading to debts, to evictions, the poverty. we need to recognise that universal credit is for people who are out of work, but also people in work. we have seen massive increases in people who are in work who are living in poverty, so there are about 7.5 million people in work in poverty. that's at record levels. we know that we have a dysfunctional labour market. we have the ongoing issues around low pay. we haven't seen a proper pay rise in ten years, and on top of that we have a dysfunctional social security system. so the social security system, including universal credit, is meant to be there as a safety net, and it's not doing that. and, as i say, if we recognise that we do not find it acceptable for people in work to be living in poverty,

for their children to be living in poverty, then we need to do something about it, and i know from speaking to people, and also from the evidence, that the majority of people find this totally unacceptable, and feel that there should be this safety net, and it's not there. and so on all of these areas, and many more, the chancellor is under intense pressure to loosen the purse strings. but with the public finances still not the best of health, and economists at least predicting a rocky road ahead as britain leaves the eu, the chancellor might not have the flexibility that he would ideally want. nonetheless, we'll see later today what he considers let's speak now to bim afolami, who is a conservative mp, rushanara ali, labour mp and member of the treasury select committee,

and alison thewliss mp, who is the snp's treasury spokesperson. let we start with you, mr afolami, doesn't the general election results suggest there are great swathes of the british public that wants to see an injection of cash into the nhs, and borrowing to fund building more houses? they are tired of austerity. i don't think that is necessarily wrong. what we need to do with his budget, and over the next few years, is to move beyond austerity and move into a period of greater growth, but more investment, taking a balanced approach, but making sure the deficit falls year on year, and i hope this will be the start of that process. widdop fund investment with borrowing or cutting taxes? process. widdop fund investment with borrowing or cutting taxes7m depends what you are investing in. let's say housing. there is a

mixture between, you know, the supply—side plans aren't planning and regulatory things to increase house—building by private house—builders, but also, yes, we should maybe look at central government or local government being able to borrow in order to invest to build housing, with assets on the balance sheet, not liabilities. you would go for that as a labour mp, wouldn't you ? would go for that as a labour mp, wouldn't you? it is right to borrow for infrastructure, sajid javid has asked for 50 billion or so, because of the government is serious about tackling the housing crisis, they need to be building 300,000 homes a year. that hasn't happened. in london, we have a massive housing crisis, we want more freedoms for councils to be able to build, and foran councils to be able to build, and for an injection of resources, but also, importantly, to make sure the status of eu migrant is addressed. you have got 100,000 eu migrant is

working in construction in london alone, so the housing sector needs an injection of funding, but also the supply of labour to deal with the supply of labour to deal with the need for housing. he is not going to address that. but there is a broader issue about uncertainty around brexit, but also the economic climate, and we need more investment in housing, but also policing, where violent crime has gone up over the la st violent crime has gone up over the last few years, but also the policing cuts in london, in the face of terrorism and other threats, where we face £400 million worth of cuts, that is going to do serious damage to the service in london. and around the country. so i will be looking for an investment in policing, reversing cuts in education funding, where there is still a black hole of £200 billion, as well as investing in housing and the nhs. universal credit, ifi may talk to you about that, your party

once the roll—out altered until what you call fundamental flaws have once the roll—out altered until what you call fundamentalflaws have been fixed. now, he might be, it is suggested, announcing something today to reduce the delay from six weeks to possibly four or five. that would help but not fix the problems, which are mostly to do with the amount of money that people are getting — it does not pay people to go out and work, because it is a benefit that you can get when you are working, and it is squeezing people so much that they are being forced to go to foodbanks, and it is causing huge problems in terms of housing areas. because people have to wait for the money, they are going into huge housing debt of over £1000. do you acknowledging has been a su ccess £1000. do you acknowledging has been a success in terms of getting people more people back into work and then staying in work longer? there is not a huge mud of evidence to support that. weather has been an increase,

it has been pretty marginal, and the cost to everyone else has been pretty huge, and it is driving people to foodbank use, which has soared under this government, now more than a million parcels being given out every year. you know the dwp will say there are, likes reasons for that. the want to see some help for people who are waiting a long time to get that? the first thing to say is that the concept of wrapping all these very conflict benefits into one is one supported by all major parties, and all the people who look at this in the sector. i do think it is important that we can move the six weeks weight down to four or five, i think that would help. but also the government has taken a pretty sensible approach, usually these projects are rolled out too quickly and screwed up as a result, but we are doing it slowly and proportionately to adapt it as it is being rolled out over time. it hasn't been adapting well enough,

if you look at the problem in inverness, as the leader of the highland council and an mp they have seen that lessons have not been learned and people are still facing torturous weights, being forced into poverty, forced to go to food banks and losing tenancy as a result of how universal credit works. is the labourmp, the how universal credit works. is the labour mp, the chancellor is under pressure from many in his own party as well as opposition politicians. why is it, when in every opinion poll when people are asked who they trust to run the economy it is theresa may and philip hammond rather than jeremy corbyn theresa may and philip hammond rather thanjeremy corbyn and theresa may and philip hammond rather than jeremy corbyn and john mcdonnell? there is each concern about this government. because they have been busy infighting. —— huge concern. have been busy infighting. —— huge concern. yet they are still more trusted than labour?|j concern. yet they are still more trusted than labour? i would take issue with that. every single pole!

they are reacting, not being strategic about the needs of this country and brexit negotiations are about internal warfare... country and brexit negotiations are about internal warfare. .. does that not interest you? that is what the public are concerned about. they are worried about their families, their livelihoods, this government are not concerned about that, they are just concerned about that, they are just concerned with staying in power. may finish the question? theresa may and philip hammond are trusted in every opinion poll more than labour. the opinion poll more than labour. the opinion poll more than labour. the opinion poll said mrs may would get huge majority in the general election and she didn't, she got hung parliament. i election and she didn't, she got hung parliament. lam election and she didn't, she got hung parliament. i am simply saying that of course we must work hard to win the trust of the people in order to win an election. sadly we did not but neither did theresa may, she got a hung parliament. ithink we but neither did theresa may, she got a hung parliament. i think we should ta ke a hung parliament. i think we should take opinion polls with a big pinch of salt. we have a lot of nurses and

stu d e nts of salt. we have a lot of nurses and students watch this programme. should the nurses pay cap be lifted? a lot of nurses and students watch this programme. should the nurses pay cap be lifted? i hope the government, in the budget, will lift this idea of universal pay cap across all the public sector. if it we re across all the public sector. if it were up to me and i would prioritise the lowest paid public sector workers, a lot of nurses would fit into that, i don't think we should raise levels at all levels. students pay up raise levels at all levels. students pay up to 6.1% interest on student loa ns pay up to 6.1% interest on student loans when the bank of england base rate is 1.5%. the tories really have a problem with young people, that would address that. it would but what is more important is to get the system right and working. in the meantime you could reduce that interest rate. i think we should look at the system in the round and over time the system won't work from the government, from the treasury's perspective we can't get repayments up perspective we can't get repayments up to perspective we can't get repayments uptoa perspective we can't get repayments up to a certain level and i think the interest rate being 6.1% is not

necessarily helpful to that. the government says it will do to issue fees reviews and i hope to be part of that and i hope we can get a more sensible outcome. thank you for coming on the programme. coverage on bbc news of the budget which will be after pmqs. coming up in the next half—hour. he was known as the "butcher of bosnia" — we'll have more coverage from the hague this morning as ratko mladic learns his fate. there is the presiding judge. he is going to the charges. he will be due to speak for about 45 minutes to one hour and after that period he will let us know whether the chamber has found ratko mladic guilty of genocide and crimes against humanity. and a race against time — more on the argentinian navy submarine that's been missing for nearly a week. time for the latest news, here's rebecca.

the bbc news headlines this morning. an international war crimes court in the hague is delivering its verdict in the genocide trial of ratko mladic. mladic, the military commander of bosnian serb forces in the 1990s, has denied charges of genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity. he's accused of being responsible for the massacre of 8,000 muslim men and boys at srebrenica in 1995. zimbabwe state tv reports that emmerson mnangagwa will be sworn in as the next president. celebrations continued late into the night in zimbabwe following the resignation of president robert mugabe. there were jubilant scenes on the streets after the 93—year—old confirmed that he would step down in a letter. emmerson mnangagwa was the deputy of robert mugabe before he was sacked,

prompting the military to intervene. the chancellor, philip hammond, will present his budget in parliament today. his statement comes amid pressure to announce far—reaching measures to tackle the housing shortage, put more money into the nhs and ease austerity. he's expected to say the uk must "seize the opportunities" from brexit, while tackling economic challenges "head on". nearly a week after an argentine navy submarine disappeared in the southern atlantic, officials are worried about oxygen levels inside for the 44 crew members on board. it's understood better weather is helping the search effort for the san juan submarine which disappeared last wednesday after reporting an electrical breakdown. but officials say if the sub has been unable to rise to the surface it would be near the end of its seven—day oxygen supply. uber has admitted it concealed a massive global breach of the personal information of 57 million customers and drivers, which took place in october last year. the ride—sharing firm confirmed it had paid the hackers responsible £75,000 to delete

the data, which included customer names, email addresses and mobile phone numbers. david cassidy, who found fame in the television series the partridge family before going on to become a 1970s teen pop idol, has died at the age 67. he was admitted to hospital last week after suffering multiple organ failure. earlier this year the singer said he had dementia and would stop touring in order to "enjoy life". that's a summary of the latest bbc news. thank you very much. the ashes begin tonight, you may know that already. jessis tonight, you may know that already. jess is here with the sport. that's what our start, england have announced their team before the first ashes test in brisbane at midnight tonight. jake ball, the seam bowler, is included over craig 0verton after overcoming an ankle injury. second—half collapse as

liverpool throw away a 3—goal lead ina 3—3 liverpool throw away a 3—goal lead in a 3—3 draw with similar in the champions league group stages, which delays their possible qualification in the last 16. todd did dortmund so they are through to the knockout stages top of their group. manchester city are also true. england women's captain sarah hunter celebrated her latest cap with a victory at twickenham, the win secures them the series. that is all the sport for now. a judge at the war crimes tribunal this at and landing charges against the former wartime general ratko mladic. he is accused of ordering the killing of 8000 and muslim men and boys in the town of srebrenica in the 1990s. translation: the members of the overarching joint criminal enterprise included several generals. many of

the charged crimes were committed by units used as tools in furtherance of the overarching joint criminal enterprise. these included members of the crs and territorial defence and of the supervision of the bosnian serb defence minister. various paramilitary groups and members of regional municipal authorities. we now turn to the accused's responsibility for the crimes found to have been committed. to determine the contribution of the accused chamber considered the acts

of the accused during the existence of the accused during the existence of the accused during the existence of the overarching jce in particular given many of the principal perpetrators of the crimes were members of the vrs. between may 1992 and 1995 the accused issued orders which established and organised the vrs and its organs. the accused was also closely involved with vrs operations... i have been asked by the accused if you may use the bathroom. yes. i will first finish my sentence, and then we will take a breakfor my sentence, and then we will take a break for five minutes. i started my sentence, and then we will take a breakforfive minutes. i started my sentence by saying the accused was

also closely involved in vrs operations as evidenced by regular briefings, meetings and inspections, and issued orders and operational directives to its units as well as other groups. we will take a short break, and we will resume at a quarter to 11 o'clock. that will be quarter to 11 o'clock. that will be quarter to 11 o'clock. that will be quarter to ten uk time, we will be back life at the tribunal, the international criminal tribunal for the former yugoslavia in the next few minutes. let me introduce you to my guest. let's talk now to nedzad avdic, who you just saw in that film. he's one one of few men to survive srebrenica but lost his dad and uncle in the massacre. and safet vukalic,

whose brother and father got sent to concentration camps and survived. i will ask you both, how significant is this day for you? it is very significant. 0ne is this day for you? it is very significant. one of the main reasons is that the world seems to be talking just about the genocide in srebrenica and most people just think there was one incident, yet this was happening for three and a half years all—around bosnia. the obvious thing about srebrenica was how fast it happened. just over a week, 8000 people killed, the manner in which it was done, and the fact that they were protected by the united nations, it deserves a special place in history. but i hope these proceedings will bring more information to people to actually come and eventually say that the genocide happened in the whole of bosnia. that is the main outcome we

are looking for. 0k. nedzad, how significant is this day for you?m isa very significant is this day for you?m is a very important day for all of us. this verdict comes very late, unfortunately for many victims. but i want to emphasise that this is very important, this is an historical day for us and for our country. this verdict is not only for general mladic, he is not important in this case, because he is almost half a dead man. he pretends that he is crazy, that he doesn't remember anything, and we cannot recognise him, and his arrogance but i have to say, this

verdict will have historical significance and will have a huge impact here in bosnia on our situation. but if we want to say something about justice, if we situation. but if we want to say something aboutjustice, if we look at mladic on one side, an old man, and on the other side, i have destroyed country, a divided country, and catastrophic consequences that he left, —— a half destroyed country, justice is a relative thing that the victims. but i must say that the verdict is very important. and i hope it will help us move forward. 0k. i want to ask you, safet, you talked

about the manner in which people we re about the manner in which people were killed in srebrenica, and while the un were supposed to be protecting those men and boys. there will be younger members of our audience who will ask how that happened. if you ask people after world war ii, will we have genocide and concentration camps, they would say no way. but srebrenica was supposedly protected by the united nations, and they have the world behind them, and theyjust let it happen. we watched, and we could not believe that they just stood aside. this was preplanned, it did not happen in one hour, the serbsjust ran in. they could have stopped it. even when they went into srebrenica, they could have prevented those thousands of people perishing. there are still mothers looking for

bodies, remains, thousands of people have not been found yet. 0ne bodies, remains, thousands of people have not been found yet. one of my neighbours, half of his body has been found. his parents neverfound the rest, his mother has died, she did not manage to bury him properly. thousands across bosnia. with the un protection, it happened, and the world has got a lot to make up for in bosnia. and europe has to stand up in bosnia. and europe has to stand up and start doing what is right, not allowing... i mean, talking about justice, the not allowing... i mean, talking aboutjustice, the trial, and this is one man — it is what they have created in radovan karadzic and other leaders, with the help from serbia, because it was the serbian yugoslav army then, they try to take slovenia, croatia, than bosnia. there is a common link, there is no excuses for people to say that serbia was not involved — they were,

and their country has been legalised. i would say, if you can get a around you,, kill these other religions, we will recognise you, we will allow you to participate in the united nations and represent. i mean, we have people who do not recognise bosnia as a country, republika srpska is always denying genocide in srebrenica. we have seen other military and political leaders go on trialfor war crimes other military and political leaders go on trial for war crimes during the bosnian war, and they have received guilty verdict and sentences of anything from five and up sentences of anything from five and up to 40 years, two life sentences. what are you expecting today? up to 40 years, two life sentences. what are you expecting today7m terms of years, i am not thinking about it too much. i think the years are irrelevant in a sense, it is

more relevant what comes out, what the world finally admits. we know what happened. my father was in three concentration camps, my brother was in two. i have spoken about it many times, nedzad survived mass killing. and those things need to be written in history, people need to start learning that, as much as about the holocaust. bosnia is so important because of the holocaust. we need to be minded of the holocaust because of bosnia. the two are so linked. you say these things need to be written in history, and yet it was only 20 years ago. absolutely, europe was trying to unite more, to have free movement, free trade and all those other things, and this was happening in the backyard, part of their home, this is europe, we are in europe, but we were left for three and a half years while these things were going on. there wasn't excuses, because the video came out, it went

to the whole world, all the concentration camps in 1992, srebrenica happened in 1985. nedzad, we are going to go back live to the tribunal, when they reconvene, and we will have more time to talk after we will have more time to talk after we hear the verdicts, of course. but at 17, you effectively thought your life was over. tell our audience what happened. it is... it is a long story. but i have to say that at the time, until that moment, story. but i have to say that at the time, untilthat moment, i story. but i have to say that at the time, until that moment, i was accustomed on many massacres, i time, until that moment, i was accustomed on many massacres, i saw many massacres everywhere. my relatives, so many relatives, neighbours, schoolmates, i saw everything, but i was not ready for

that what happened injuly everything, but i was not ready for that what happened in july of 1995, because nobody could imagine that. i could imagine that they could kill one man, ten men, hundred men, but to kill all of us i couldn't believe, and we were loaded on the trucks. after we were taking to the school and prison, they promised us that we would be with our families in the next days, but it wasn't the truth. they had a clear plan for us. they had prepared locations for us. they had prepared locations for us. they had prepared locations for us. they had opened schools and houses, furniture for us, they had dug graves, mass graves. they had ready

trucks, buses, with all the machinery that was included in that, and a no—one can say it is such an incident. it was planned, and they had a clear plan for us. they didn't ask even for our names. and as soon ask even for our names. and as soon as they started the killing, when i was taken to the place for the mass execution, i was shocked there, and i don't remember if i lost consciousness there. —— shot. i don't remember if i lost consciousness there. -- shot. how did you survive? but when somebody ask smee how that happened, i say,

god saved me. there was no chance to survive, but when they left, they left me for dead, they didn't know ifi left me for dead, they didn't know if i was alive. yet they left the place, and after that i tried to turn my head, because i have lost much of my blood, i was stumbling. but in one moment, i noticed someone was moving in front of me, and that was moving in front of me, and that was another survivor, and i asked him, are you alive? he said, yes, we helped each other and managed to escape before the next truck arrived, and after that

came days of suffering. what i saw the day after the massacre, one kilometre distance, i saw those which collected the dead bodies and put them on the trucks to take them to the mass grave. it was a horrible scene to see, and i never, never ever could imagine such a scene. and from that place, i saw all the brutality, what they were ready to do without any reason, without any justified reason, just because of dirty political goals. and... sorry

to interrupt you. you cannot see safet, who is sitting here, but you are finding this incredibly moving, incredibly distressing, as nedzad is describing what happened. the presiding judge at the tribunal has been talking through some of the things that nedzad is telling us today. in terms of his summing up before we hear the verdicts, which are due any time soon, we are told. thank you so much for the moment, both of you, we really appreciate you, particularly as we can see how distressing it is. we really appreciate you educating our audience about what you have experienced. we will come back to you, of course, when we hear the verdicts. an argentinian navy submarine that's been missing for nearly a week could be about to run out of oxygen. an urgent multinational search is under way to try and save the 44—member crew off argentina's south atlantic coast.

the navy lost contact with the ara sanjuan submarine on november 15th, just after the vessel's captain reported a failure in the battery system while it was submerged. if sub has been unable to surface, the oxygen might last only seven days. let's talk now to ryan ramsey, he's a former submarine captain who used to train crew and captains in how to deal with emergency situations. captain dan conley also joins us from bristol. he is a retired submariner who headed up the royal navy submarine escape and rescue operation. hello, both of you, thank you very much for talking to us. i know that when you first heard the news about this argentinian submarine, it reminded you of an incident in northern ireland — what happened there? so a canadian submarine had

just finished its training and was on its way back to canada after completing that, and they took some water into the hull which said off some electrical failures and fires, and it was lucky that the royal navy and it was lucky that the royal navy and the canadian navy were able to respond so quickly. 0ne and the canadian navy were able to respond so quickly. one person lost their lives, but everyone else was saved and the submarine was brought back. if this submarine is stuck on the sea bed, what will those on board the trying to do? well, it has now been missing six days, and they will be very much still alive, trying to conserve the oxygen and the life—support systems. but very regrettably, in there was no signal from the satellite alert beacons, andl from the satellite alert beacons, and i think sadly it is probably

very likely that was caused by a battery explosion or a serious flood, and they did report that they had battery problems last week. how pessimistic are you? i am very pessimistic. i think, pessimistic are you? i am very pessimistic. ithink, if pessimistic are you? i am very pessimistic. i think, if they were still alive, i think they would have managed to somehow contact the rescue forces. the other possibility is that the submarine is well over the south american continental shelf in the deepwater and has gone below its crushed depth, in which case inevitably the crew will have perished. ryan ramsey, how do you react to that? i think our thoughts must go out to the, thoughts and prayers to the families associated with the crew. it is impressive that

the entire international submarine community is focused on this, and we must have some hope. i do agree, though, that if it is over the continental shelf, there is no hope, u nfortu nately. if continental shelf, there is no hope, unfortunately. if it is within that, we are reaching the far point being able to intervene and save if they are on the sea bed. i have heard what you have both said — if they we re what you have both said — if they were to be found, if they were alive, how would they be extracted from that scenario? so there is a variety of rescue systems, i know that the us have deployed their rescue system, the royal navy has deployed the parachute action group, they are in the falkland islands ready to go. if it is on the continental shelf, within two metres of the water, then they can get down and get to them, but they have got to locate it first, and so far we have no idea where it is, so that is a real challenge in itself. thank you very much, thank you, ryan ramsey, former submarine captain, and dan conley, retired submariner.

before the news and sport, the weather. big increases and a sharp cuts, not talking about the budget, our weather is going to give some strong winds through today, increasing as the day goes on and overnight, and the day goes on and overnight, and the cuts are the temperatures, getting colder by the end of the week. heavy rain across northern ireland, wales, north—west england and the south—west scotland, and as that moves into northern scotland, there will be snow falling here. further south and east, dry and bright, still very mild, temperatures up to 15 or 16. 0vernight and eight, strong winds transferring eastwards across england and wales, still some outbreaks of rain at times, increasingly snow at lower levels during thursday morning. we could

see as much as 2—5 centimetres of snow in northern scotland at lower levels, more than that of our high ground. that will ease off during thursday, and then for many of us a dry day, sunshine, showers in northern and western areas, but noticeably colder in the north and west, 6—9 celsius. still holding onto the milder weather towards the south—east. hello, it's wednesday november 22nd, it's 10 o'clock, i'm victoria derbyshire. the former bosnian serb commander, ratko mladic, nicknamed "the butcher of bosnia" waits to learn his fate. he has denied charges of genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity. the chamber found that the bosnian serb forces engaged in operations to murder thousands of muslims from srebrenica, with intent to commit the crime of persecution. some of

those murder incidents were found to constitute extermination. we will bring you the verdicts live as soon as they come in. also this morning, as the chancellor prepares to set out his spending plans — he's under serious pressure to ease austerity and balance the books. housing and policing should be his priorities, says one mp. we need much more in housing but also policing, where violent crime has gone up since the last few years, also the policing cuts in london in the face of terrorism. "completely robbed of her dignity" we hearfrom the paralympian and disability rights campaigner anne wafula strike, who has won a financial settlement after being forced to wet herself on a crosscountry train. my name is anne wafula strike.

i am a paralympian. i have won medals in wheelchair racing. i have an mbe. but last year i was forced to wet myself on a train. we will be speaking to her live in the next hour of the programme. good morning. here's rebecca in the bbc newsroom with a summary of today's news. good morning. an international war crimes court in the hague is delivering its verdict in the genocide trial of ratko mladic. mladic, the military commander of bosnian serb forces in the 1990s, has denied charges of genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity. he's accused of being responsible for the massacre of 8,000 muslim men and boys at srebrenica in 1995. thejudge has been detailing the charges that ratko mladic had been tried for.

the chamber found that bosnian serb forces engaged in an operation to murder thousands of muslims from srebrenica with intent so as to commit the crime of persecution. some of those murders, and murder incidents, were found to constitute extermination. the chancellor, philip hammond, will present his budget in parliament today. his statement comes amid pressure to announce far—reaching measures to tackle the housing shortage, put more money into the nhs and ease austerity. he's expected to say the uk must "seize the opportunities" from brexit, while tackling economic challenges "head on". emmerson mnangagwa will be sworn is as president of zimbabwe on friday, according to the state broadcaster. emmerson mnangagwa is due to return to the country dated todayjust over

two weeks since he was dismissed as vice president by robert mugabe. the sacking triggered the military intervention which led to the resignation of robert mugabe yesterday. uber has admitted it concealed a massive global breach of the personal information of 57 million customers and drivers, which took place in october last year. the ride—sharing firm confirmed it had paid the hackers responsible £75,000 to delete the data. that's a summary of the latest bbc news — more at 10.30. thank you very much. we will be back soon at the hague where we await the verdicts on the former bosnian serb commander, ratko mladic. they are due to reconvene at quarter past

ten, we are told. before that, the sport. the ashes begin tonight, you may know that already. england have announced their team before the first ashes test in brisbane at midnight tonight. jake ball, the seam bowler, is included over craig 0verton after overcoming an ankle injury. joe root says his performances could be challenging for the australians especially if they are without opening batsman david warner who has a stiff neck. a player is on stand—by for a stiff neck. a player is on stand—byfor him, a stiff neck. a player is on stand—by for him, aussie captain steve smith says he should be able to play. that sera from both captains. not an easy decision, craig has come into the squad and everything he has done, everything asked of him, he's done brilliantly, the new guys have stood up to the pressure brilliantly. it is great because the whole squad seems to be performing in the warm up games and we've built some good momentum going in. jake has bowled well when he's had his opportunities, and the way he goes about things on these

services could be really challenging for the australians. i think there's always pressure going into an ashes series especially when you are playing at home. we don't need to put any more pressure on ourselves, if that makes sense. it's stilljust another game of cricket and we have to come out here and make sure we are playing well from the first ball, playing well in that first session, making sure that we are in the contest. not long to go, you can listen to the build—up from 11 o'clock tonight on bbc radio five life. victoria. thank you. we'll hear later this morning the government's plans for the economy. the chancellor's budget speech is being seen as a huge moment for him personally and for the government, as economic growth is slowing and uncertainty over brexit is unsettling businesses and consumers, leaving the cautious philip hammond limited room for manoeuvre. but before we get into all that, let's take a look at what the government currently spends on what. john 0wen has this: the government currently takes in around £744 billion in taxes. let's imagine that this £1 note from the board game monopoly

is in fact £1 billion. this is the total amount of money that the uk government takes in, in taxes per year. so, how is it currently spent? the single biggest spending area at a total cost of around £245 billion is what the government calls social protection. that includes pensions, which is by far the biggest slice, and benefit payments. most of which are paid to people in work. next up is healthcare at £149 billion. that includes everything that we spend on the nhs. that's followed by education, schools and universities, coming in at around £102 billion. and then there's defence, that's all the money for the army, air force and navy, plus the intelligence and security services, that all swallows up about £48 billion. transport takes up about £37 billion. then you've got public order and safety, that includes the police and that takes up about £34 billion. housing and the environment, £36 billion.

here is one to keep in mind — at £46 billion, the amount we spend on interest payments to service our national debt is more than we spend on the police, on housing and the environment, on transport, and its money that we can't spend in other areas. now, here is the problem — when you add up the money that we spend on the rest, including all of our eu transactions, the money we spend on international development, the total comes out at about £802 billion. and we don't quite have enough in our tax pile to pay for it. fortunately, the government has a trick up its sleeve, borrowing. the government borrows the rest of the money it needs to make up all of its spending commitments. the difference between what the government takes in in tax and what it spends is called the deficit, and at the time of the last budget it was predicted to be around £58 billion this year. so, using the rest of the total tax take, plus the money we borrowed, we can make up all the other

spending commitments that the government currently has. let's speak now to three women who span different generations and backgrounds to talk about what matters to them, and what they'd like to see in the budget. toluwa agboola is a student. margaret dangoor, a pensioner who cares for her husband. and julia streets, an entrepreneur and small business owner. welcome, all of you, thank you for coming on the programme. let me ask each of you what matters to you, toluwa, as the chancellor delivers his budget. as a student, student finance, student loans and housing as well, in central london housing prices are incredibly expensive. those over two primary things. renting particularly. yes, buying is quite a way of considering how complicated that is at the moment. margaret, hello. yes, for me it is

about social care but also about housing for the young. that's such a crucial area to think about. my concentration would be on health and social care. julia? for me it is all about stability, looking at brexit, there's so much uncertainty, i'm concerned about some of the vat rates, and a bit concerned about investment in small enterprises but for me it is about keeping it stable because who knows what the future looks like. i am interested to hear you say you worry about housing costs for people like our student here. there's been a lot of discussion about intergenerational unfairness or fairness. do discussion about intergenerational unfairness orfairness. do people like toluwa have it harder than you did...? it's very like toluwa have it harder than you did. . . ? it's very different. like toluwa have it harder than you did...? it's very different. i have been married 50 years but it was ha rd been married 50 years but it was hard for us them. we didn't get help

from our parents, we were expected to go out and earn a living. in our ta ke to go out and earn a living. in our take women's salary income wasn't taken into consideration with mortgages. it was the husband's salary. and we were not well off. the average middle—class couple would be working hard and even then, before i look back at my parents, i can well remembertheir before i look back at my parents, i can well remember their situation. write to the generations in different ways, most of us have founded a hard struggle to get on the housing ladder, even more so now. do you accept that? absolutely. it has a lot to do with contacts. what is difficult for me now was different from what was hard for you but... or relative. although in state pensions are protected by the

so—called triple lock in a way that we have seen rent rises, house prices go up, education maintenance gra nts prices go up, education maintenance grants cut, in a way that pensioners haven't seen. i think it is a difficult dilemma because when you are older you do spend quite a bit and just existing! i work part—time. but most of us are not earning, living on past savings. i need more heating. the husband is in advanced dementia now. i have a problem with circulation so you are spending more on the essentials of life. we have to look at people as individuals really, travelling through life, and look at the issues at each stage of our lives. she is so sensible! i love a sensible woman, i must be honest. you talk about uncertainty

asa honest. you talk about uncertainty as a small—business owner. what can the say today to calm nerves as we approach brexit —— what can the chancellor say. how long has he got! it's a good question. for me, i don't want to repeat myself, but don't want to repeat myself, but don't do anything radical. be interesting, we talk about business, intergenerational, i see new business models developing so technology, thinking about how britain could become more competitive, that is what i do all day, work with entrepreneurs who are innovating. about money that you would like to see interested, how would like to see interested, how would you raise that money. would you want him to borrow it because it is for investment, the bank of england base rate is so low. would you want to raise taxes somewhere to finance that, or see him make bob cuts? personally, i don't think cutting is the way to go. there is

the opportunity to look, but look conservatively with a small c across—the—board. growth expectations down even though borrowing rates are falling so to think about investing in new talents and skills, we need to be looking five years i had on that. we would you get the money from? you make these decisions on a smaller level. do you borrow? should the chancellor borrow? do you reduce your head count? in my business, it is we do you find the cuts, i don't think cuts the way to go. there's room to look for tax manoeuvre but nothing radical. yesterday evening we were talking about, are we jumping from 80% vat rate down to 20% to be in line with europe, that's a radical shift that would impact small businesses like my business

massively. i think there probably is some room for manoeuvre. did you say 80%? i should be clear, from £80,000 of income, when you pay vat on that, jumping it down to 20 is the threshold. that is a radical move. it would impact small businesses and also where we are in the freelance economy where a lot of women going into work will have to look after children are looking at other models of working. that is a real direct impact on getting people to work around innovation and enterprise. do you feel optimistic about your future? i mean, i think i do you feel optimistic about your future? i mean, i thinki do. do you feel optimistic about your future? i mean, ithinkl do. part of the problem isjust future? i mean, ithinkl do. part of the problem is just where we are economically, so forces that are affecting the economy, and there is definitely hope that will improve and we will have more money to spend on things, like student loans,

housing and investing in housing, so iam nota housing and investing in housing, so i am not a believer that this is something that will continue, for a long period of time, that we will be living in austerity for too much longer, provided we manage ourselves correctly, and the budget is an important factor in that. it sure is. thank you all for coming on the programme, good to hearfrom you, and obviously coverage of the chancellor's budget will be live and bbc news. we can have a word with norman, ok, lots of people want lots of things from philip hammond, he is not going to be able to please everybody, is he? well, the smoke signals we are getting is that this is not going to be a big, all singing, all dancing, splash the cash sort of budget, because the indications are that there will not be any more money for public sector pay, which is one of the pressure points, and there has been a lot of calls for the chancellor to ease the

pay cap by giving a watch more money to nurses, doctors, so one and so forth. but what we're hearing is that there will no additional money, so if there is any easing of the pay cap it will come from within the existing budget. secondly, housing, we know there are lots of little steps the chancellor has talked about, talking about cracking down on developers who sit on land, trying to make it easierfor smaller builders, but we understand there is not going to be any big bazooka for housing. in other words, not going to be any big bazooka for housing. in otherwords, not billions and billions to kick—start a big house—building programme, and on the nhs, we heard the boss of the nhs, simon stevens, saying the other day, look, i need four billion quid all we are running into serious difficulties, 5 million people on the waiting list. again, we are being told there will be some more money, but nowhere near the that

simon stevens. that suggests to me that cautious phil has won out over carefree phil, and that will ring alarm bells in the tory party, because they want this to be a big, radical, defining budget do set to one side the post—election gloom and jitters over brexit and the resignations and all that sort of thing. why does mr hammond seem to be so unpopular with members of his own party? it is the big brother: word — brexit! many, many members of his party believe that philip hammond does not believe in brexit and he isjust engaged in damage limitation, and they want somebody who has a bit of gung ho spirit who thinks britain will be revived after brexit to inject confidence, and some are talking about michael gove taking over, and

he was apparently recently spouting a lot of big financial words, some said auditioning for the role. but thatis said auditioning for the role. but that is why many tory mps do not like philip hammond, added to which you were a member the last budget, slipping on the banana skin over national insurance contributions, had to do a quick u—turn. there is almost a personal animosity towards philip hammond. he is kind of a marksman, and you do not find many tory mps really willing to go out on a limb and stick up for him. thank you very much, norman smith, at downing street. the uk's data protection regulator says a major security breach last year at the taxihailing company uber raises huge concerns. what does it mean for you as a customer? emily 0rton is a cyber security analyst who works for the security firm darktrace. she explained what's happened and how widespread the breach is. well, it seems that there was this significant data breach on uber. details around drivers,

but also customers, and there was some kind of cover—up or delay to disclose that. 57 million names, e—mails addresses and mobile—phone numbers were found by the hackers, according to uber. that's an awful lot of data. it is, and this is just the latest in a long line of a large—scale data breaches affecting very big names. these are companies that have resources. they do have security teams, and yet there are still significant vulnerabilities and problems in the way they are protecting data which we need to look at very seriously. what do you think about the fact that this happened in 2016, the company kept it secret, and paid the hackers £75,000 to delete the data? yes, this is essentially taking data and blackmailing companies, and it is happening a lot. it's happening more than we actually know about. there are companies that do pay up. they perhaps don't disclose, and we don't even hear about it. so this is, unfortunately,

not a unique case. whether you pay up or not, clearly this is having a reputational damage and an effect on uber and many other companies. it's certainly not dealt with just by paying up and hoping the problem will go away. how does anybody know that data really has been destroyed? that's a really good question. how do you trust what is essentially a criminal group to delete data? what if they came back in a year? we just don't know, and unfortunately uber is in this situation and has to make up in terms of keeping their drivers and their customers safe and reassured. what we really need to be doing is getting ahead of the problem, catching these threats when they're developing inside the network. there are patterns of behaviour that we can look for and can be effective in finding these things and stopping them before the data goes and we need to focus on that,

rather than this sort of clear—up job at the end. in an uber statement they say, "while we have not seen evidence of fraud or misuse tied to this incident, we are monitoring the affected accounts and have flagged them for additionalfraud protection." what might a hacker or a criminal gang use people's personal details, e—mail addresses, mobile—phone numbers, for example? well, there are lots of way you can use data. a common way was monetising data on the black market. you can sell huge databases of credit card data or health care data and get money for it. very easy, quick. actually, we are seeing a development in sophistication in the threat landscape, and we think this is probably looks like extortion blackmail situation, where all you need to do is have it and there is enough concern on the company side that they don't want the data getting out. there is a reputational real damage as well as financial damage.

what should customers do if they're worried that someone has got their personal details? it's really hard as a customer. our data is with so many different organisations, and, yes, there are good practices such as changing your password, such as being sceptical of untrusted websites, but clearly a lot of us do trust uber, and so i think what we do need to be demanding is a higher standard of security from them. we have got to think radically in a different way about security. the status quo ofjust having a firewall and your standard antivirus is not enough today, and we need to be looking at new technologies to help in that pursuit of detecting those threats early. we've received a statement from the information commissioner. their deputy commisioner, james dipple, said... "uber‘s announcement about a concealed data breach last october raises huge concerns around its data protection policies and ethics." "if uk citizens were affected then we should have been notified so that we could assess and verify

the impact on people whose data was exposed." "deliberately concealing breaches from regulators and citizens could attract higher fines for companies." breaking news from the trial of the former bosnian serb commander ratko mladic. you will know that we were dipping into life proceedings from the hague until about quarter to ten, when they paused, because the man on trial, ratko mladic, ask for a break. we were expecting them to resume, but that moved to half an hour, and we are now being told that mr mladic is undergoing a blood pressure test, which is the explanation for the delaying of the verdict at his war crimes trial. so ratko mladic, the bosnian serb

military leader, is undergoing a blood pressure test as he awaits the verdict from this international tribunal, this international criminal tribunalfor tribunal, this international criminal tribunal for the former yugoslavia. he has been on trialfor five years, accused of two council genocide, nine counts of war crimes and crimes against humanity. we are due to reach the verdict this morning, awaiting the outcome, we know that now ratko mladic is having some kind of blood pressure tests. as you are bleak, when that is over, the court will resume, and of course we will bring you those verdicts live and bbc news. —— obviously, when that is over. six months ago, 22 people were killed and hundreds more injured when an ariana grande concert in manchester was targeted by a terror attack. the affects were felt across the country with charities such as the nspcc and victim support telling us that hundreds of children contact them in need of support. childline also helped nearly 300 young people in the first two weeks after the incident,

four times more than they usually do. hayley hassall from bbc newsround has been speaking to children about how they have been affected and coped in the aftermath. emily and lauren are friends. they went to the ariana grande concert together because it was a christmas present from their parents. ijust remember it being like really nice and everyone was singing and dancing, and then we all stood up to go, and then like all you heard was just like this bang and then the floor started shaking and then everyone just started running towards us, and then it was a bit like scary. yeah, everyone was screaming and running down the stairs. how did you feel at the time, then, when that was all happening? what emotions were you going through? just like every emotion. i was like scared, but i didn't really know what was going on. it makes you feel really angry, doesn't it that someone would target a concert with such young people there and children and people our age. it'sjust horrible. after coming home, the girls tried to get back into normal life but found it difficult escape what had happened.

it was quite hard because there was so much about the bombing on the news. it was everywhere. you go on to snapchat and you go on to facebook, it's all there, everything about it. people putting messages like on snapchat. everyone messaged you, everyone came up to you wanting to speak about it. it's hard to get past that when everyone is so focused on it at the time. emily and lauren have both had help from their school counsellor, who set up a support group where they could talk openly about how they were feeling. we went and spoke to a teacher because we were really upset, and we had to leave lessons, and they set us in the school counsellor's office and then theyjust left us to speak to each other. i think that was probably the best thing to do, to let us to speak to each other. how did it help? i thinkjust because everything they say, it all makes sense, and it's really all really true, and it'sjust nice to know that there are other people going through the same thing as you and you are not alone. you two had each other, did you find that helped? yes, we still speak about now, don't we? yeah.

but it's something we will not forget it, but it is nice that we were there together so we have experienced the same thing. like there is always someone to speak to do about it? just like people can help you get through it so you are not alone. you are taking it off your chest and giving it to other people so they understand how it felt to be there, and itjust makes you feel a bit lighter about everything that happened. but it's notjust kids who were at the concert itself who were affected. many children all over the country have been affected by the news of what happened. at this school in north wales, they have brought in extra support to help those kids who were upset and anxious and they've even set up a choir where the pupils sing ariana grande songs and share how they were feeling. # i was a liar # i gave in to the fire # i know i should've fought it # at least i'm being honest # i feel like a failure # cos i know that i failed you # i should've done you better # cos you don't want a liar. # and i know, and i know, and i know she gives you everything. #

even though these children weren't at the concert, they've told me that they found it difficult to deal with the news of the attack. # but i got nothing here without you... # when i heard the news, i kind of was just in a state of shock that it had happened so close to home. since it happened, i feel more anxious when i go out, especially to big places where there's a load of people. ifound who has helped me is my parents and relatives and my sister. theyjust comforted me and helped me feel better when i'm sad. i think now that it has passed and now that people are ok, i think i'm more confident and i do have the confidence, because you can't let things like this take over your life forever. everyone has come closer together as a world, rather than being weak about it and letting it get to them. # so a lot of love... # and for emily and lauren,

ariana grande herself has played a massive part in helping them. i think she's really strong, isn't she? to get through that. because i think so many artists, if something like that happened to you, obviously she felt guilty, but to come back so strong after that and to put on that concert for such a good cause i think she really helped. would you both go to her concert again? i think after the one rock concert i would definitely go to one again. i don't feel like scared any more. you feel safe now? yeah, i feel safe. that report for bbc newsround. in the next half hour we will hear from the next half hour we will hear from the pa ralympian the next half hour we will hear from the paralympian and disability rights campaigner who has won a financial settlement after she could not get access to the disabled loo ona train. time for the latest

news, here's rebecca. the verdict in the war crimes trial overformer bosnian the verdict in the war crimes trial over former bosnian serb general ratko mladic is deep laid while he has a blood pressure test. the military commander of bosnian serb forces in the 1990s is on trial for crimes including genocide. thejudge has listed a catalogue of crimes by serbian forces including the mass murder of thousands of bosnian muslims in srebrenica. the chancellor philip hammond will present his budget in parliament today. his statement comes amid pressure to announce far—reaching measures to tackle housing shortage, but more money into the nhs and ease austerity. that's a summary of the latest bbc news. we are going straight back to the hague, dramatic scenes where ratko mladic, accused of crimes against

humanity has been shouting in dramatic fashion after the court paused for him to have his blood pressure checked. let's find out what's happening. they have taken the sound away. because it would appear, ratko mladic was shouting, the sound is back. let's see what's going on. and they've taken the sound away again. the court paused at about quarter to ten our time this morning as the judge was reading through his lengthy summary. it paused because we are told ratko mladic, who has been on trialfor five years, needed a break. half an hour later it emerged that he was having his blood pressure checked. and we have just been told in the last couple of minutes that he is

backin last couple of minutes that he is back in that courtroom. this is in the hague, this is the international court, he began shouting in the room and that is when they took the sound away, presumably to preserve the dignity of the courtroom. we are going to go live to sarajevo next and speak to our correspond to is there. hello guy. hello, victoria. people here are eagerly awaiting what will eventually happen in the hague when rat, dick stops shouting and thejudges hague when rat, dick stops shouting and the judges can hague when rat, dick stops shouting and thejudges can get hague when rat, dick stops shouting and the judges can get on with reading the verdict. —— when ratko mladic stood chatting. the city looks pretty today but in the 1990s, it was under seizure and thousands of people died them. civilians were terrorised, we have heard the court

to say that civilians were deliberately targeted and terrorised during those times. a lot of people fought to defend their city during that time, one of them now works for the charity remembering srebrenica, not wanting to forget what has happened. particularly for you, you we re happened. particularly for you, you were a teenager when the siege of sarajevo started, and you fought for several years to defend your city. what is a day like today when the judgment is being given on ratko mladic feel like feel?” judgment is being given on ratko mladic feel like feel? i would like to see it feels like the end is coming to the whole story about the war in bosnia, the whole war that was happening but unfortunately it is not. even the verdict today is something that we in bosnia are quite used to. it's clever political negotiation between the international community on one side, and serbia. finding ratko mladic

responsible only one of the cities are being undermined, in terms of history it is important that ratko mladic should seekjustice but in terms of the prosperity of this country, unfortunately, i believe that for another good 20 or 30 years the legacy of war he leaves behind will be something that is going to stop this country moving forward. will be something that is going to stop this country moving forwardm terms of sarajevo, part of this legacy, i don't know if people can see this but there is a cemetery there, one of a number of cemeteries, and a lot of people buried there died during the siege. it often gets overlooked, what happened in sarajevo but it was a horrific time for the people who lived through that. it can't be explained injust a couple of words.

the easiest way to explain, if you can imagine the life of ordinary people today just like can imagine the life of ordinary people todayjust like we were in 1992, and if you imagine somebody puts a pause on it, every little thing that you take for granted today like electricity, running water, heating, telephones, everything, has been taken away from you. and it means that people here today are eagerly awaiting this verdict to find out if ratko mladic will at last be found guilty of that seizure in the 1990s, and all the other crimes which he is accused —— the siege. thank you, guy. back to the hague, to let you know what happened before they took the sound away from proceedings, as you know, we reported that the court was paused so that ratko mladic could have his blood pressure checked. his defence counsel came back and asked thejudge if thejudge

defence counsel came back and asked the judge if the judge could effectively skip straight to the verdicts. ratko mladic immediately began shouting and 2—mac when they said no, they took the sound away but now it is back and the judges continuing with his summary. translation: - we will go back to the hague on the judges translation: - we will go back to the hague on thejudges ready translation: - we will go back to the hague on the judges ready to deliver his verdict. the paralympic athlete and disability rights campaigner anne wafula strike has won a financial settlement from crosscountry trains after she was forced to wet herself on a train last year because the accessible toilet was out of order. in a recent report for this programme, anne told us that she was "completely robbed of her dignity" and explained what happened and why she chose to speak publicly about something like that.

we will have to pause there because we are going back to the hague. translation: the chamber considered the accused's significant contribution to the joint criminal enterprise as well as his repeated use of derogatory references to bosnian muslims and bosnian croats. and his expressions of commitment to an ethnically homogenous bosnian serb republic. even in territories that previously had a large percentage of non—serb inhabitants. it found that the accused was aware of, and intended for the crimes of deportation, the inhumane act of forcible transfer, murder, extermination and persecution to be committed against bosnian muslims and bosnian croats. the chamber found that the accused shared the

intent to achieve the common objective of the overarching jce and held this intent as early as may 12 1992. therefore he was a member of the overarching jce from may 12 1992. the chamber now turns to the sarajevo joint 1992. the chamber now turns to the sarajevojoint criminal 1992. the chamber now turns to the sarajevo joint criminal enterprise. the chamber found that between may 12, 1992 and the chamber found that between may 12,1992 and november 1995, the chamber found that between may 12, 1992 and november 1995, there existed a jce with the primary purpose of spreading terror among the civilian population through a campaign of sniping and shelling. the objective of this jce campaign of sniping and shelling. the objective of thisjce involved the commission of crimes of terror,

unlawful attacks against civilians, and murder. the members of the sarajevo joint and murder. the members of the sarajevojoint criminal and murder. the members of the sarajevo joint criminal enterprise we re sarajevo joint criminal enterprise were members of the bosnian serb military and political leadership and included radovan karadzic, drug amir milosevic, and others. the charged crimes were all committed by units of the sarajevo call. the chamber now turns to the accused's responsibility for the crimes which we re responsibility for the crimes which were found to have been committed in the sarajevo component of the case. the chamber considered the accused's a cts the chamber considered the accused's acts and omissions during the existence of the sarajevo joint criminal enterprise in order to determine whether he significantly contributed to this joint criminal enterprise. the chamber found that

the accused was involved in the establishment of the sarajevo army corps and made decisions, commanded these units from 1992 to 1995 in various operations, procured assistance from the army of the yugoslavia during the siege, ordered the use of modified weaponry and participated in discussions between 1982 and 1995 with members of the bosnian serb government. he ordered the dissemination of anti—muslim and anti—croat propaganda and provided

misleading information about crimes to representatives of the community. the accused frequently ordered the restriction of humanitarian aid to sarajevo and failed to take adequate steps to prevent crimes or adequately punish the perpetrators of crimes, all of whom were under the effective control. the accused's a cts the effective control. the accused's acts were instrumental to the commission of the crimes in sarajevo. through his actions, the accused significantly contributed to achieving the objective of the sarajevo joint achieving the objective of the sarajevojoint criminal achieving the objective of the sarajevo joint criminal enterprise by way of committing the crimes of terror, and lawful attacks against civilians, and murder. —— unlawful attacks. in determining whether the accused shared the intent to achieve the common objective of the joint

criminal enterprise, the chamber considered the accused's statements and conduct throughout the indictment period. in particular, the chamber considered that the accused personally directed the shelling of sarajevo that took place on may 281992. was involved in selecting targets and directed fire away from serb populated areas, and commanded an army corps and formulated and izzy and directors. —— and issued directives. further, in the spring of 1995 the accused proposed that sarajevo be bombarded with explicit disregard for the safety of civilians. and on september six, 1995, the accused ordered the as archaic commands to

cut utilities supplying sarajevo, forcing the inhabitants of sarajevo to go outside and be exposed to sniping and shelling. the chamber found that the accused intended to establish and carry out a campaign of sniping and shelling against the civilian population of sarajevo. further, the chamber found that the accused intended this campaign to spread terror among the civilian population of sarajevo, and that he intended to perpetrate the crimes of terror, unlawful attacks on civilians, and murder. the chamber found that the accused held this intention throughout the indictment period. as such he was a member of the sarajevo joint criminal enterprise. with respect to the serb

are joint enterprise. with respect to the serb arejoint criminal enterprise. with respect to the serb are joint criminal enterprise, the chamber found that there existed a jce with the primary purpose of eliminating the bosnian muslims in srebrenica by killing the men and boys, and forcibly removing the women, young children, and some elderly men. in the days immediately preceding the 11th ofjuly1995, in the days immediately preceding the 11th of july 1995, the in the days immediately preceding the 11th ofjuly1995, the objective of the srebrenica joint criminal enterprise involved the commission of the crimes of persecution and the inhumane act of full or transfer —— forcible transfer, which occurred at the us attacked the enclave with a view to emptying it. by the early morning of the 12th ofjuly1995, the crimes of genocide, extermination and murder also became

pa rt extermination and murder also became part of the means to achieve the objective prior to the first crime being committed. in this respect, they discussed the killings and potential execution sites on the morning of the 12th ofjuly1985. they first ordered the camp be prepared for a large number of detainees. he then conveyed that this plan had been given up. thejce existed and at least 0ctober this plan had been given up. thejce existed and at least october 1985, existed and at least 0ctober1985, when re—burials took place in two municipalities. the members of the srebrenica joint criminal enterprise included radovan karadzic and a number of other men.

the charged crimes, except for the ill and killing —— ill—treatment and killing of six bosnian men and boys, work carried out under the operational command of the main staff at the time. as such, jce members used these units to commit srebrenica crimes in furtherance of thejoint criminal srebrenica crimes in furtherance of the joint criminal enterprise. the

chamber now turns to the accused's responsibility in relation to the srebrenica component of the case. in determining whether the accused significantly contributed to the srebrenica joint criminal enterprise, the chamber has considered the accused's acts and omissions during its existence. the accused, in particular, recommended the promotion of the commander of the promotion of the commander of the corps. this was implemented on the corps. this was implemented on the 13th ofjuly1995. the corps. this was implemented on the 13th of july 1995. between the corps. this was implemented on the 13th ofjuly1995. between at least the 11th ofjuly and the 11th of october least the 11th ofjuly and the 11th of 0ctober1995, he issued several orders to his forces, including the corps, concerning the operation in and around srebrenica. and on the 11th and 12th ofjuly1985, he gave

orders to move one commander and his units. further, in july orders to move one commander and his units. further, injuly and august 1995, the accused provided misleading information about crimes and failed to take adequate steps to prevent crimes or to adequately investigate or punish members of the vrs and other elements of the serb forces under his effective control forces under his effective control for such crimes. the principle perpetrators of the crimes forming pa rt perpetrators of the crimes forming part of the srebrenica joint criminal enterprise were members of the vrs. the accused commanded and controlled both vrs and other units during the srebrenica operation and its aftermath. the accused's acts was so instrumental to the

commission of the crimes that, without them, the crimes would not have been committed as they were. therefore, the chamber found that the accused significantly contributed to achieving the objective of the srebrenica joint criminal enterprise by way of committing the crimes of genocide, persecution, extermination, murder, and the inhumane act of four small —— falls —— forcible casbah. in determining whether the accused shed that objective, the chamber considered his data conduct throughout the takeover of the enclave. these included, among other things, his role in the hotel meetings on the 11th and 12th of

july 1995, and his presence at a meeting at the command centre on the 13th ofjuly with vr officers, during which the tax of delegating, killing liquidating muslim males was discussed. they also included orders to separate the bosnian muslim men from the women, children and elderly from the women, children and elderly from the women, children and elderly from the 12th of july 1985, from the women, children and elderly from the 12th ofjuly1985, and his presence during the gathering of bosnian muslims there on the 12th and the 13th ofjuly1995, and during the separation of bosnian muslim men. finally, the chamber considered the accused's denial of the crimes committed in srebrenica, as well as the measures he took to provide misleading information and prevent the media from knowing what

was happening there. the chamber has further considered the accused's presence at the football stadium and the meadow on the 13th ofjuly1995, where several thousand bosnian muslim males were detained, and his misleading assurances that they would be taken to be exchanged. the chamber found that, from at least 1985 and throughoutjuly1985, the acute —— accused made numerous state m e nts acute —— accused made numerous statements about taking revenge. —— 19 95. he added that they would have disappeared a long time ago had it not been for the involvement of the

international community. he further stated on several occasions during the hotel meetings that the bosnian muslims from srebrenica could, and i quote again, live or perish, and, quote again, live or perish, and, quote again, live or perish, and, quote again, survive or disappear. based on the foregoing, the chamber found that the accused intended to eliminate the bosnian muslims in srebrenica by killing the men and boys and forcibly removing women, children and some elderly man, through the commission of the crimes of persecution, murder, extermination and the inhumane act of forcible transfer. the chamber found that the only reasonable inference was that the accused

intended to destroy the bosnian muslims in srebrenica as a substantial part of the protected group of muslims in bosnia—herzegovina. accordingly, the chamber found that the accused intended to carry out the objective of the srebrenica joint criminal enterprise through the commissions of the crimecrime of genocide and was a member of the srebrenica joint criminal enterprise. with respect to the hostagetaking joint criminal enterprise, the chamber found that thejce enterprise, the chamber found that the jce existed enterprise, the chamber found that thejce existed from around the 25th of may 1995, when nato air strikes against bosnian serb targets commenced, until approximately the 24th of june commenced, until approximately the 24th ofjune1995, when the last un

personnel were released. thisjca had the purpose of capturing un personnel in various parts of bosnia—herzegovina and detainee in them in strategic military locations to prevent nato from launching further military air strikes on bosnian serb military targets. the members of the hostagetaking joint criminal enterprise were members of the vrs main staff, the vrs corps, radovan karadzic and others. these members implemented the common objective themselves and used vrs personnel, including members of the military police, to implement the objective, the common objective. the chamber considered that orders and their implementation, the reporting

obligations by the members of the jce, as well as their statements, established that they had a common criminal objective. the chamber further found that the accused significantly contributed to the jce‘s common objective. the accused was closely involved from around the 25th of may 1985 and throughout every stage of the hostagetaking. —— 19 95. he ordered vrs units to place the personnel at potential nato air strike targets. he also ordered the release of the detainees unfor personnel and their representative, that such release was contingent on a cessation of air strikes. the

chamber found that the accused's contributions to the hostagetaking joint criminal enterprise were central to the fermentation of the jce‘s objective. —— the implementation. based on the accused's statements and conduct throughout the hostagetaking incidents, the chamber found that the accused intended the objective and the hostagetaking joint criminal enterprise to capture un personnel and detain them in strategic military locations to prevent nato from launching further air strikes. the chamber found that the accused's statements, in particular with regard to the fate of those personnel, were tantamount to having issued to continue to detain or kill un personnel, and that these threats

we re un personnel, and that these threats were meant to end the air strikes. the chamber found that the accused was a member of the hostagetaking jce. having summarised its findings, the chamber will now give its verdict. for the reasons summarised during this hearing, having considered all of the facts, evidence and arguments of the facts, evidence and arguments of the facts, evidence and arguments of the parties, as well as the statute and rules, and based upon the factual and legal findings set out and detailed in the written judgments, the chamber finds out and detailed in the written judgments, the chamberfinds ratko mladic not guilty of count one, genocide, and guilty as a member of

various joint genocide, and guilty as a member of variousjoint criminal genocide, and guilty as a member of various joint criminal enterprise is of the following accounts — count—out two, genocide, count three, persecution, a crime against humanity, count four, extermination, a crime against humanity, count five, murder, a crime against humanity, count six, murder, a violation of the laws or customs of war, count seven, deportation, a crime against humanity, count eight, the inhumane act of falls —— forcible transfer, a crime against your malady, count nine, terror, a

violation of the laws or customs of war, count ten, unlawfulattacks violation of the laws or customs of war, count ten, unlawful attacks on civilians, a violation of the laws and customs of war, and count 11, taking of hostages, a violation of the laws or customs of war. in determining the appropriate sentence to be imposed, the chamber has taken into account the gravity of the crimes of which he has been found guilty. the crimes committed rank among the most heinous known to humankind and include genocide and extermination as a crime against humanity.