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'^tLcr^^VL^Z'^O
H^arbarto College iibrarg
FROM
^^jOlXxtQ^
\
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PUBLIC DOCUMENT .... .... No. 36.
THE
ANNUAL STATISTICS
OF
MANUFACTURES.
1961.
SIXTEENTH REPORT.
Chief of Bureau of Statistics of Laio
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PUBLIC DOCUMENT .... .... No. 36.
THE
ANNUAL STATISTICS
OF
MANUFACTURES-
1901.
SIXTEENTH REPORT.
BOSTON:
WRIGHT & POTTER PRINTING CO., STATE PRINTERS,
18 Post Office Square.
1902.
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\K/Ty\y
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Commontomltb d Passatl^ttsetts.
BuBEAu OP Statistics op Labor,
Rooms 250-268*, State House,
Boston, July 15, 1902.
To THE Honorable Senate and House of Representatives:
I have the honor to transmit, herewith, the Annual Statistics
of Manufactures for the year 1901, which have been collected
and are presented in compliance with Chapter 107 of the Re-
vised Laws.
I wish to acknowledge in this connection the faithful services
of Mr. Frank H. Drown, Second Clerk of the Bureau, in charge
of the Division of Manufactures, and to recognize also the con-
tinued assistance, in the general work of the Department, of
Mr. Charles F. Pidgin, First Clerk.
Very riespectfuUy,
HORACE G. WADLIN,
Chief.
[lii]
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TABLE OF CONTENTS,
Letter of Transmittal,
Page
iii
Part I. INDUSTRIAL CHRONOLOGY — 1901
Chioopee,
Clinton,
Concord,
Conway,
Dalton, .
Dana, .
Danvers,
Dedham,
Deerfield,
Dighton,
Douglas,
Dracut, .
Dudley,
Easthampton,
Enfield,
Erving,
Everett,
Fairhaven, .
Fall River,
FiTCHBCRG, .
Framinghara,
Franklin,
Freetown,
Gardner,
Georgetown,
Gloucester,
Grafton,
Granby,
Granville,
Great Barrington,
Greenfield, .
Groveland,
[v]
Pajfe
Abington,
3
Acton, ....
3
Adams,
3
Agawam,
3
Amesbury, .
3
•Andover,
3
Ashbumham,
3
Ashland,
3
Athol, ....
3
Attleborough,
4
Auburn,
4
Avon, ....
4
Barre, ....
4
Becket,.
4
Bellingham, .
4
Berlin, ....
4
Beverly,
4
BiUerica, .
4
Blackstone, .
4
Blandford, .
4
Boston,
4,5
Braintree,
5
Bridgewater,
5
Brockton, .
6,6
Shoe shipments.
6
Brookfield, . . . .
7
Cambridge, .
7
Canton,.
7
Charlemont* . . . .
7
Charlton, . . . .
7
Chelmsford, .
7
Cheshire,
7
Chester,
7
7,8
8
8
8
.8
8
8,9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9-1
11,
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VI
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Part I. INDUSTRIAL CHRONOLOGY — 1901 — Continued.
Page
Page
Hardwick, .
12
North Adams, .
. 19,20
Hatfield,
12
Northampton, .
20
Haverhill, .
. 12,13
North Andover, .
20
Shoe shipments,
13
North Attleborough, .
20
Hinsdale,
13
Northborough,
20
Holbrook, .
13
Northbridge,
20
Holden,
13
North Brookfield,
20
Holliston,
13
Northtield, .
20
HOLYOKE, .
. 13,14
Norwell,
20
Hopedale, .
14
Norwood,
20
Hopkinton, .
14
Hudson,
14
Orange,
. 20,21
Hyde Park, .
14
Oxford,.
21
Ipswich,
14
Palmer,
21
Peabody,
21
Lancaster, .
14
Pepperell, .
21*
Lawrence, .
. 14, 15
Pittsfield, .
. 21,22
Lee,
15
Plymouth, .
22
Leicester,
15
Leominster, .
15
Randolph, .
22
Lowell,
. 15,16
Reading,
22
Ludlow,
16
Revere,.
22
Lynn, .
. 16,17
Rockland, .
22
Salem, ....
22
Malden,
17
Sauffus,
22
Marblehead, .
17
Shelbume, .
22
Marlborough, .
18
Shirley,
22
Maynard,
18
Somerset,
22
Medford, .
18
Somerville,
22
Medway,
Methuen,
18
18
Southbridge,
South Hadley,
23
23
Middleborough, .
18
Southwick, .
23
Milford,
Millbuiy, .
18
18
Spencer,
Springfield,
23
23
Millis, .
Monson,
18
18
Sterling,
Stoneham,
23
23
Montague, .
18
Stoughton, .
24
Sutton, ....
24
Natick, .
19
Swansea,
24
Needham, .
19
Swampscott, .
24
New Bedford, .
19
Newbury,
19
Taunton,
24
Newburyport, .
19
Newton,
19
Oxbridge, .
24
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TABLE OF CONTENTS.
vu
Part 1. INDUSTRIAL CHRONOLOGY — 1901 — Continued.
Page
Page
Wakefield, .... 24
Westfield, .
25,26
Wales, .
24
West Springfield,.
26
Walpole,
25
West Stockbridge,
26
Waltham, .
26
Westport, .
26
Ware, .
25
Weymouth, .
26
Warren,
25
Whitman, .
26
Watertown,
25
Wilbraliam, .
26
Wayland,
25
Williamsburg, .
26
Webster,
25
Williamstown, .
26
Westborough
f
25
WOBURN,
26
West Bridgewater,
25
Worcester,
26,27
West Brookfi
Bid,
25
THE STATE, 27-34
New establishments, etc., 27, 28
Buildings constructed during the year, 28
Machinery added to plants, 28
Other additions to plants, 28
Addition of new class of product, 28
Rebuilding of burned factories, etc., 29
Removals to new or larger quarters, 29
Resumption of business after protracted shutdowns, ... 29
Increased capacity of plants, -29
' Changes from private firms to corporations, .... 29
Changes in finns, firm names, etc., 29
Changes in character of machinery, 29
Consolidations of firms and corporations, 29
Removals of firms and industries to Massachusetts from other
States, 29
Removals of firms and industries from Massachusetts to other
States, 29
Removals from one town to another in Massachusetts, . 29
Introduction of electric lighting and power into factories, etc., . 29
Suspensions for vacations, 30
For stock taking, 30
On account of low water, 30
On account of high water, 30
On account of repairs and improvements, .... 30
On account of shortage of materials, 30
For curtailment of production, 30
On account of accidents, 30
On account of dull trade, 30, 31
Temporary as to duration, 31
Indefinite as to duration, 31
Cause not given, 31
On account of retirement from business (no successor), 31
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viii TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Part I. INDUSTRIAL CHRONOLOGY— 1901 —Concluded.
THE STATE — Con. ' Page
Sales of plants in whole or in part, 31
Sales of plants to industrial combinations, .... 31
Fires during the year, 31, 32
Deaths of manufacturers, 32
Corporations and capital stock, 32, 33
New corporations, . . ' 32,33
Increases in capital stock, 33
Decreases in capital stock, 33
Recapitulation. 1900,1901, 33,34
Stock price quotations. 1900, 1901, 34-36
Industrial dividends. 1900, 1901, 36, 37
Part H. STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. 1900, 1901.
Introduction, 41,42
estabushments and their management, 43-59
Number of establishments considered since 1886, ... 43
Private firms, corporations, etc. : by industries. 1900, . . 44, 45
Private firms, corporations, etc. : by industries. 1901, . . 46, 47
Partners: by industries. 1900, 48,49
Partners : by industries. 1901, . . . .• . . 50, 51
Stockholders: by industries. 1900, 52,53
Stockholders : by industries. 1901, 54, 55
Analysis, 56-59
Investment, Materials Used, and Product, .... 60-75
Capital devoted to production : by industries. 1900, 1901, . 61, 62
Stock used : by industries. 1900, 1901, 63, 64
Goods made : by industries. 1900, 1901, 65, 66
Analysis, 67-75
Labor and its Compensation, 76-99
Average number of persons employed : by sex and industries.
1900,1901, 77,78
Smallest, greatest, and average number of persons employed :
by industries. 1900,1901, 79,80
Range of employment and unemployment : by industries. 1900,
1901, 81,82
Persons employed — both sexes. Aggregates, by months. 1900,
1901, 83-85
Wages and earnings : by industries. 1900,1901, . . . 86,87
Classified weekly wages : by selected industries. 1900, 1901, 88-90
Analysis, 90-99
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TABLE OF CONTENTS. ix
PartH. statistics OF MANUFACTURES. 1900, 1901 — Concluded.
Page
Working Time and Proportion of Business Done, . . 100-107
Days in operation and proportion of business done : by indus-
tries. 1900, 1901, 101, 102
Number of days in operation. All Industries. 1900, 1901, . 103, 104
Analysis, 106-107
General Summary op Industrial Conditions, .... 108-124
Data relating to the 4,696 establishments considered in All
Industries, 108,109
Estimated aggregate value of goods made and work done for
the year 1901, 109-111
Industry product and profit and minor expense fund, . 111-115
Efficiency of capital devoted to production, . .112,113
Productive capacity of employes, 113,114
Rank of nine leading industries as regards amount of in-
dustry product per $1,000 of capital. 1900, 1901, . 114
Rank of nine leading industries as regards industry prod-
uct per employ^. 1900,1901, 114,116
Rank of nine leading industries as regards percentage of
industry product paid in wages. 1900, 1901, . . 116
Comparison for nine leading industries. 1900,1901, .116-121
Boots and Shoes, 116, 116
Carpetings, 116
Cotton Goods, 116,117
Leather, 117,118
Machines and Machinery, 118
Metals and Metallic Goods, 118,119
Paper, 119
Woollen Goods, 119,120
Worsted Goods, 120, 121
Condensed general statements regarding the years 1900 and
1901, 121-124
Capital devoted to production 121
Stock and materials used, 121, 122
Goods made and work done, 122
Persons employed, 123
Wages paid, 123
Average yearly earnings 123, 124
Working time and proportion of business done, . . 124
Part m. COMPARISONS : 1896, 1900.
Basis of figures entering into the comparisons.
Establishments each producing less than $600 annually.
General statement. 1896, 1900,
Distribution of establishments into classes,
Stock purchased in a raw and partly manufactured state.
127
127
127. 128
128. 129
129
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X TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Part m. COMPARISONS : 1896, 1900 — Continued.
Page
Percentages of items of expense, 129,130
Profit and loss 130,131
Manufactures : By Industries. 1896, 1900, .... 131-161
Number of establishments, 131, 132
Capital invested, 132-136
Stock and materials used, 136-138
Wages and salaries, v^ 138-140
Goods' made and work done, 140-147
Manufactures by name, 141-144
Idle establishments in 1900, 144, 146
Classified industrial groups, 145-147
Persons employed (men, women, and children), . . . 148, 149
Wages paid (men, women, and children), .... 149-161
Manufactures : By Cities and Towns. 1896, 1900, . . 162-168
Establishments, capital invested, average persons employed,
wages paid, and stock used. 1900, 162-164
Goods made and work done. 1896, 1900, 164-168
Industrial Combinations. 1900, 168, 169
Relative proportions of capital, product, etc., in combinations
and in other establishments, 169
Selected Industry Presentations. 1900, 169-223
Paper and pulp mills, 169-162
Gas and residual products, 162, 163
Liquors : malt, distilled, and fermented, 163-166
Malt liquors, 164,166
Distilled liquors, 166, 166
Vinous liquors, 166
Leather gloves and mittens, 166, 167
Bicycles and tricycles, 167, 168
Flax, hemp, and jute goods, 168, 169
Silk and silk goods, 169-172
Buttons, 172,173
Shipbuilding, 173-176
Iron and steel, 173, 174
Wooden, . 174,175
Governmental, 176
Wooden. For cities, 176, 176
Cheese, butter, and condensed milk, 176, 177
Needles, 177,178
Clay products, 178-182
Brick and tile, 178, 179
Pottery, terra cotta, and fire clay products, . . . 179-181
Total clay products. 1896, 1900, 181
Kinds of clay products, 182
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TABLE OF CONTENTS. xi
Part m. COMPARISONS : 1895, 1900 — Concluded.
Selected Industry Presentations. 1900 — Concluded.
Pago
Leather : tanned, curried, and finished, 182-184
Cigars and cigarettes, 184, 185
Starch, 185
Flouring and grist mills, 186, 187
Agricultural implements, 187, 188
Dyeing and finishing textiles, 188, 189
Lumber industry, 189-196
Woollen goods, 196-201
Worsted goods, 201-204
Carpets and rugs, 205-207
Felt goods, 207, 208
Wool scouring, 208
Shoddy, 208,209
Wool hats, 209, 210
Fur hats, 210,211
Hosiery and knit goods, 211-213
Cotton goods, 213-219
Cotton small wares, 219
Combined textiles, — --: 219,220
Boots and shoes (factory product), 220-222
Boots and shoes (rubber), . .,,..• .222,223
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Part I.
Industrial Chronology
Nine Months ending September 30, 1901.
[1]
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Part I.
INDUSTRIAL CHRONOLOGY -1901.
AlblB««oia. In February, A. C. Woodward, elastic goring, added strapping for thoea
to product.
AeAon. In February, Hall Bros., pallt and tubs, sbut down for repalri .
Ad»ma. In January, Greylock Sblrt Co. shut down for 10 days. Ftt^rvary, L. L.
Brown Paper Co. began erection of boiler house. Graham, Clark, A Co. installed new
boiler and added new machinery. W. C. Plunkett & Sons added new machinery.
March. Berkshire Cotton Manufacturing Co. shut down on account of high water.
April, L. L. Brown Paper Co. shut down two weeks to Install new engine and make re-
pairs. Greylock Shirt Co. shut down stitching department indefinitely. Berkshlra
Cotton Manufacturing Co. shut down temporarily owing to accident to machinery. if<iy.
Briggs A Harrington sold their wagon plant to Louis Buel and retired from business.
Fire damaged boiler house of H. J. Arnold A Sons' sawmill. June, L. L. Brown Paper
Co. began on foundation for new mill. July, Adams Marble Co. started on season's
work. Auguit. Most of the manufacturing establishments damaged by flood. Levi
L. Brown, paper manufacturer, died, aged 75 years; in 1848, he organized L. L. Brown
Paper Co.; was the founder of Renfrew Manufacturing Co. and Windsor Manufacturing
Co., North Adams, and originator of the Whiting Paper Co., Holyoke, and of the American
and United Zylonite Co.
As»w»m. In February, Agawam Co. shut down on account of accident to main shaft.
Amealbarj. In January, work begun at factory of Briggs Carriage Co., after shut-
down of several months. Fire damaged carrlagre factory of Curran, Burke, A Co.
February, C. Warren Brown, of Lockwood A Brown, wheels, died, aged 69 years.
Hume Carriage Co. erected 8-story addition to factory. June, David J. Folger, retired
carriage manufacturer, died, aged 61 years ; he began business in 1869. July, Cameron
A Hines Co. began the manufacture of carriages.
Andover. In July, Tyer Bubber Co. shut down for stock taking; the usual summer
shutdown ended July 16.
AslibariiliAm. In March, the Ashbumham Sheeting Mill commenced work after
shutdown of several months.
Aslil»nd. In July, shoe factory of Joslah A. Balcom started up after shutdown of
several months. August, Ashland Boot A Shoe Co. closed business; factory taken
by Woodland Manufacturing Co. F.E. Tuttle, of Olmsted A Tuttle, started up carpet
lining factory which shut down in fall of 1900. Woodward Manufacturing Co. began
manufacture of shoe nails formerly carried on by Standard Shoe Machinery Co.
Attfeol. In March, flre damaged mill owned by L. S. Van Valkenburgh and occupied
by L. S. Starrett Co.; mill was wooden structure, 4 stories, 100x40 feet, erected in 1811.
April. Millers Siver Manufacturing Co. started after shutdown of two weeks for repairs.
Hill A Green began work on full time. Diamond Match Co. shut down owing to
difficulty in getting certain grade of wood. The Porter-Brewer Toy shop began work
with about 80 employes. May. Fire destroyed picker mill owned by S. J. Handy.
August. L. S. Starrett Co., tools, closed for 2 weeks' vacation. Millers River Manu-
facturing Co. started up after 2 weeks' vacation.
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4 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
▲ttteboroasli. In January, Bates & Bacon sold to Philadelphia Watch Case Co., and
plant removed to Riverside, K. J. February. Steam pipe burst in the mills of the
Hebron Manufacturing Co., causing shutdown for repairs. April. Gold Medal Braid
Co. shut down for the flrst time in many years.
Anbnrn. In January, James Hilton began erection of new shoddy mill, 80x20 feet.
July. W. J. Hogg UQB^an manufacture of carpet yam in the Stoneville worsted mill, which
had been closed for a year or more. August. Auburn worsted mill, owned by Wilkin-
son Crossley, of BrooUine, purchased by Leopold B. Bosenburg, of New York; to manQ<
facture ladies' dress goods. September. Stoneville worsted mill shut down to install
new machinery.
▲Ton. In January, shoe factory of It, Q. Llttlefleld shut down for few days; In
April, new machinery installed.
B»rre. In April, in consequence of the milk strike, farmers opened the Central Cheese
Factory in order to use the milk instead of sending it to Boston ; factory dates back to
1865; in May, the milk producers organized a company and purchased the factory from
C. F. Atwood as a safeguard against future milk troubles.
Beeket. In August, M. E. Ballon A Son, basket makers, started No. 2 mill.
BelllnsliAm. In May, Taft, Murdock, & Co. built addition to woollen mill.
Berlin. In April, mill property of Edmund W. Wheeler destroyed by Are.
BETEBItT. In January, The Beverly Engine and Machine Co. inccnporated; au-
thorized capital $200,000; succeeds Beverly Machine Works. Woodbury Bros., shoes,
consolidated with Murray, Cone, A Co. February. Shoe factory of Woodbury Bros.
damaged by fire. Myron Woodbury, shoe manufacturer, died, aged 47 years. March,
Mader & Dow, boots and shoes, succeeded by Mader A Hanscom. April, H. O. Wood-
bury, W. Varian, and W. O. Cree formed company to manufacture shoes. June. Murray-
Cone Shoe Co. incorporated; authorized capital $60,000; succeeds Murray, Cone, A Co.
Blllerle». In August, Faulkner Manufacturing Co., woollen goods, resumed work
after a week's vacation.
Blaeksione. In February, Knight A LeSpade began business as leather manufact-
urers.
Bl»ndA»rd. In January, Peebles Bros, added grist-mill to sawmill plant.
BOSTON. In January, Harvard Bubber Co. burned out. William T. Van Nostrand
died, aged 79 years; he began brewing in Massachusetts in 1860 and owned the Bunker
Hill brewery from 1871 to 1891, when he retired. Henry Guild, of Henry Guild A Son,
manufacturing jewelers, died. J. G. McCarter Co. incorporated to succeed J. G. Mc-
Carter, shoes. Hersey, Damon, A Sprague, slippers, succeeded by Damon A Sprague.
Holmes Co., woollen and worsted goods, incorporated with capital of $20,000.
February. Acme Band Co. removed to Brockton. Syndicate headed by Alexander
S. Porter purchased controlling interest in Flagg Manufacturing Co., Globe Buffer Co.,
and Union Edge-Setter Co., covering 20 shoe machines; total capital, $3.')0,000.
March. McGreenery Bros. A Manning succeeded Boston Cigar A Tobacco Co., and
moved to larger quarters. Property of Boston Lead Works, consisting of land with
brick and wooden buildings thereon, transferred to Boston Lead Manufacturing Co.
James Breslin, of Qulncy Cigar Co., died, aged 56 years.
April. Hallett A Davis Co., pianos, reduced force preparatory to closing business;
manufacturing hereafter to be done in the West. Walworth Manufacturing Co. began
erection of addition to foundry, 4 stories, 200x80 feet. George C. Davis Co., shoes, sold
business to George M. Coburn, Somersworth, N. H. Charles H. Sprague, of Damon A
Sprague, slippers, died. Fires for the month: B. F. Sturtevant Co.'s works totally
destroyed; workshop of Lang & Jacobs, coopers' supplies, damaged. Putnam Nail Co.
shut down indeflnitely. Chase A Co., shoes, incorporated; authorized capital $250,000.
May. Boston Last Co. began manufacturing lasts.
June. The Atlantic Works increased capital stock and obtained control of East Boston
Dry Dock Co's. plant. Vose A Sons, pianos, purchased land for erection of new fac-
tory, S60 X 60 feet, and power house of 60 x 50 feet. The Tongue-Lock Sewing Machine
Company incorporated under the laws of the State of Maine, authorized capital $1,000,000,
to manufacture sewing machines under the patent of Bos well Carleton. This invention
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No. 36.] INDUSTRIAL CHRONOLOGY— 1901. 5
relates to machines for securing the upper to the sole of the boot or shoe by loops from a
single thread Inserted through the upper and through a portion of the sole usually known
as the " between substance/' the bights of the loops being thrown oyer and locked by
tongues cut in one side of the sole. This displaces the old-time method of channelling
and the necessity of " flUing/' and is not only a saving of time but a saving of thread and
labor. The invention consists in numerous improvements on the present method of sew-
ing turned shoes; among them being an awl which is adapted to wabble laterally when
entering the recess under a tongrue, so that its point will be guided by the sides of the
recess to the centre.
Julp. Property of Boston Cordage Co. sold at auction to Cannabis Manufacturing Co.,
of New Jersey. Commonwealth Hygienic Ice Co. started with second largest plant of
the kind in the country, designed to turn out 250 tons of ice a day. Standard Sugar
Beflning Co., Whittier Machine Co., and Carter Ink Co. damaged by fire.
September, Temple Glove Manufacturing Co. shut down indefinitely. Fires for the
month : Building occupied by George E. Messer, furniture ; J. F. Jones A Co., lubricating
oils; Porter & Stainforth, motors; A. & J. £. Tuttle, patterns; Old Colony Furniture
.Co.; Massachusetts Mattress & Bedspring Co., and New Departure Trunk Co.; also old
Etna rubber mill in Jamaica Plain; and building occupied by M. Blackatone, cap manu-
facturer.
Bralntree. In April, W. 8. Lees & Co., of New York city, took five-year lease of
all the buildings, except the large wooden building, formerly owned and occupied by
A. S. Morrison A Bros., and began manufacture of ball wicking, miners' wick, and mat-
tress tips.
Brlds«w»ter. In January, Jenkins Bros, shut down during installation of new elec-
tric light plant. L. W. Taylor, formerly foreman for W. B. May, began manufacture
of slippers. Henry Miller, manufacturer of tacks, died, aged 66 years. February,
Shawmut Lead Co. started up. March. Henry Perkins, iron founder, died, aged 87
years; he began business in 1848. April. Shoe firm of McElwain & Co. incorporated
under Maine laws, with capital stock of $200,000, under name of the W. H. McElwain Co.
Shawmut Lead Co. erected addition of about 600 square feet, to be used for a granu-
lating room. Bridgewater Brick Co. formed to manufacture brick on the grounds
occupied by the Plymouth County Agricultural Society; extensive improvements made
in the buildings, and machinery added; output to be about five million bricks annually.
May, W. H. McElwain Co. shut down gang room for a few days while taking account of
stock.
BBOGJKTON. In January, D. S. Packard & Co., sole leather counters, succeeded
by V. & F. W. Filoon. Gray & Earle. pattern makers, succeeded by George R. Earle.
Hurley Brothers retired from firm of N. R. Packard & Co., shoes, and took factory
in Rockland. Business of Harvey F. Crawford, shoes, sold to W. H. McElwain and
others; to continue as the Crawford Shoe Company.
February. M. A. Packard Co., shoes, occupied new addition of 4 stories, 86x40 feet,
and increased output to 2,400 pairs a day. Pope Rand Co., rand manufacturers, began
work. R. B. Grover Co., shoes, started all departments. Luther H. Hollis, retired
shoe manufacturer, died, aged 65 years; he began business in 1866. Monarch Rubber
Co. added manufacture of cement for shoes to product.
March. New company formed under name of The Tougas Machine Co., with capitali-
zation of $200,000, to manufacture machine for cutting rubber soles on a bevel ; with one
movement the machine cuts out the rubber soles, bevels the edge, and at the same time
stamps upon the bottom the trade mark and the size and width of the shoe or boot; the fly
wheel which contributes the power makes 240 revolutions a minute, and the soles can be
stamped out as fast as a man can feed them into the machine and operate the pressure
lever. Eaton Co., shoes, moved into space in Chas. A. Eaton No. 2 factory formerly
occupied by J. B. Lewis Co., who removed to Randolph. F. C^ Kingman & Co., shoes,
took another floor of the factory in which they are located, giving them about 1,500 square
feet extra space.
April. Old Colony Rand Co. added new machinery for the production of Goodyear
welts and heels. F. C. Kingman & Co. sold factory on Centre Street to Inkley A John-
son, h^l manufacturers. W. L. Dunbar & Co. sold shoe pattern business to H. J.
Dunbar, who continued under name of Brockton Pattern Co. William P. Kingman, of
William P. Kingman Co., shoes, moved to Cleveland, Ohio, and became member of the
firm of Kingman & Worbass, to manufacture boys' and youths' shoes. W. L. Emery,
leather dealer, died, aged 56 years; he commenced business in Brockton in 1882, and was
Digitized by VjOOQIC
6 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Msooiated for a time with Eyerett T. Packard, bat at the time of hit death was connected
with the Brockton Cut Sole Co. Gang room employes of the D. W. Field Co., shoes,
were allowed day's vacation owing to the sole leather department being somewhat behind
on the work. Work on addition to D. W. Field Co. shoe factory begun ; completed in
June. George H. Stevens Shank Company began work after a shutdown of several
weeks on account of inability to get steel.
May, Inkley & Johnson, heels, moved business from Rockland.— United States Die
Co. formed and began business. Factory building at Campello, formerly occupied by
the Standard Rubber Co., together with shafting, electric motors, machinery, and office
fixtures, sold at auction to T. B. Bustis, of Boston. United States Machinery Co. pur.
chased the business of the Johnson Cementing Machine Co.
JwM. The George H. Stevens Shank Co.'s factory at Montello, together with the Boston
plant, purchased by the Union Shank Co., which had factories at Whitman, Taunton,
and Boston. The cutting room of W. L. Douglas Shoe Co. shut down for two weeks.
Brockton Last Co. began erection of 2-8tory house, 90 x 22 feet, to be used for storing
and drying last blocks. E. E. Taylor & Co. made addition to shoe factory. Smith A
Wade, shoe stays, erected new factory of wood, 2 stories, 26x56 feet. Clarence L.
Calkins withdrew from firm of F. C. Kingman & Co., shoes, and business continued by F.
C. Kingman. Lightning struck woodworking mill of Washburn & Hay ward; damage
about $1,000. Church & Alden, shoes, started up after shutdown of two weeks.
July. Brockton Co-operative Boot & Shoe Co. started up after shutdown of one week,
putting union stamp on all its output. George A. Carter began erection of modem
factory, 86x160 feet, for the manufacture of tacks and taps. Crafts, Harrington, & Co.,
shoes, occupied new location in old Packard & Field factory and added new machinery by
which the business of the firm was increased nearly one-third.— -Tuck Manufacturing
Co. began erection of addition, 75x95 feet, two stories, to knife shop in Montello. H.
B. Walker, well known in the last manufacturing business, began manufacture of iron,
tin, and wood sole patterns. Cavanaugh Bros. A Knapp purchased plant formerly
occupied by Standard Rubber Co. and continued manufacture of rubber goods; additional
operatives and much new machinery employed. Condon Bros. & Co., boots and shoes,
added 1,200 feet to floor space in factory.
Augu8t. Kesmith-Roarty Shoe Co., Incorporated under Maine laws, succeeded W. F.
Nesmith Shoe Co. Old Colony Rand Co. added new machinery. Clarence L. Calkins
began manufacturing shoes. Peleg S. Leach, retired shoe manufacturer, died, aged 71
years; he began business in 1851 and retired in 1878, when factory and contents were
destroyed by flre. John T. Bullivant and George R. Earle began manufacturing shoe
patterns.
September. In railroad accident at Avon, Ernest Joyce, of Joyce A Fletcher, shoe
manufacturers, was Instantly killed; Loring Q. White, of F. B. White Co., shoes; Frank
M. Hauthaway, of C. M. Hauthaway & Co., blacking manufacturers; J. M. O'Donnell,
shoes; and F. W. Filoon, counter manufacturer, were injured.
Shoe shipments. The number of cases of shoes shipped during the year ending Sep-
tember 80, 1901, as compiled by the Brockton Enterprise, is presented in the following
table:
Months.
1896-97
1897-98
1898-99
October,
November, ,
December, ,
January,
February,
March, .
April, .
May, .
June, .
July, .
August,
September, ,
80,915
85,805
83,465
36,110
40,556
42,150
51,242
31,681
80,455
83,100
40.029
Totals,
426,035
43,787
28,850
22,950
28,249
37,417
40,038
49,834
33,113
24,991
80,883
89,265
41,033
419,910
45,678
37,637
84,112
88,818
88,510
46,576
57,015
36,218
29,041
88,672
43,187
56,121
501,585
31,299
89,748
86,769
35,476
41,998
66,524
46,544
40,378
40,254
81,732
45,944
62,563
519,229
43,170
87,168
87,526
45,770
48,243
64.671
44,274
37,958
85,122
27,628
52,447
45,607
519,579
44,057
46,343
88,918
89,694
45,058
70,166
50,388
57,470
44,577
88,131
64,744
47,721
682,262
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] INDUSTRIAL CHRONOLOGY— 1901. 7
Br««kfl«ld. In JaniiAiy, factory of Speedway Wheel Co., 4 Bkorles, IMzeo feet,
together with patents, rights, and goodwill sold to new corporation known as Lash,
away Carriage A Wheel Co., for the manufactore of pneumatic speedway and road
carriages. The patents owned by the old firm for pneumatic wheel gearing will pats
to the new corporation. ~—C. H. Moulton & Co., shoes, started up cutting department
after shutdown of eight weeks. February. C. H. Moulton A Co., shoes, shut down
one week for stock taking.— Lashaway Carriage A Wheel Co. made flrst shipment of
buggies.
CAHBBIDOB. In January, Are damaged stock and building of Warren Bros., manu.
facturers of tar paper. February. The plant in Cambridge, stores and warehouses in
Boston, and merchandise, wherever situated, of John P. Squire Co., proTlslon and packing
concern, sold at auction; the sale affects property In Lowell, Mass., and Bangor, Me.,
and Includes all property held by the allied companies of the concern in New England.
George F. Blake Manufacturing Co., machines, began erection of 2-story building,
-45 z 34 X 164 feet. March, Plant of Dover Stamping Co., kitchen utensils, sold to Joslyn
A Co. for $92,500. Hoxie Chemical Co. incorporated; authorized capital $1,000. Au-
^8t. Fire damaged factory of Shaw A Bemby, moldings.
€»nton. In March, Canton Manufacturing and Bleaching Co.'s plant sold at auction
and bid in by the attorney for the mortgagee.
€li«rl«aaont. In February, Frary Manufacturing Co. shut down on account of low
water. Fire damaged contents of drying house and some of the buildings of the Frary
Manufacturing Co.
€li»rlton. In January, James O. Copp satinet mill, with 60 acres of land and 4 tene-
ment houses sold to Charles A. Hill of Worcester; the mill contained 12 looms, cards, and
aril machinery necessary for the manufacture of cloth. Mill has been idle since the death
of former owner; in July, a new corporation, known as Aldrich Mill Co., formed to
manufacture satinet there.
ClielaaBterd. In January, Success Worsted Co., shoddy, installed number of finish.
ing machines. George C. Moore's mills started up after shutdown of few days owing
to doll trade. April, Chelmsford Foundry Co. closed for a short time on account
of low water; new office fitted up by the company.— —Gtoorge C. Moore's mills resumed
work after shutdown of three days. Buildings of George C. Moore, Silver A Gay
Co., machines. North Chelmsford Mill Supply Co., and the Lowell Model Co. damagred by
flre.
Cliealilre. In January, Famum Bros, lime works purchased by New York syndicate
with capital of $500,000, for the manufacture of lime and Portland cement. Half a hun-
dred new houses for workmen to be erected and extensive additions made to the plant.
July, Lightning struck powder house in quarry of Cheshire Lime Manufacturing Co.
andcausedexplosion.— Plant of Cheshire Glass Manufacturing Co., except the office,
destroyed by flre; buildings were vacant owing to lack of business; property owned by a
company of which B. V. Wood is president.
ClieBter. In February, International Emery A Corundum Co. started up tannery mill
which had been closed since December. The Bowe Granite Co. reorganized to open
quarries on the Chester A Becket railroad. March, The International Emery & Corun-
dum Co. No. 2 mill shut down for a short time owing to accident to engine.
cmcoPBE. In January, fire damaged plant and machinery of Olmstead A Tuttle,
cotton waste. ——Chicopee Manufacturing Co., cotton goods, added new machinery in card
room. D. J. Curtis A Son, bricks, added manufacture of vitrified brick to product;
three men were employed on new kiln. J. Stevens Arms A Tool Co. moved office to
buildings formerly occupied by the Overman Co.
February. Chicopee Manufacturing Co., cotton, stopped night work in card room owing
to low water. Cotton waste warehouse of the S. Blalsdell Jr. Co. totally destroyed by
fire. Belcher & Taylor Agricultural Tool Co. received order through New York firm
for a feed cutter to be shipped to Manila, P. I.
March, Dwight Manufacturing Co., cotton goods, added several hundred draper looms,
one 550 horse-power engine, and a boiler.— Work begun on new factory for Chicopee
Manufacturing Co., to be used for spooling, warping, picking, and napping departments.
Heavy rains caused fiood in basement of factories of Stevens Arms A Tool Co. on
Digitized by VjOOQIC
8 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Broadway. Dwlght Manufactniing Co. shut down rooms No. 1 and 2 owing to accident
to shaft between No. 8 and i card rooms.
April, Oyerman Automobile Co., biojcles, leased 20,000 feet of floor space in Ames
Building and began Installation of new machinery.—- Dwlght Manufacturing Co. shut
down No. 5 mill for a day on account of accident to shaft.
May, Fire destroyed valuable bolt machine of the Spring^eld Facing Co.'s mill ; prop-
erty is owned by L. S. Brown. D wight Manufacturing Co. set up 600 automatic looms
and claim that 20 looms can be operated by one man. American Bicycle Co. closed the
(iamb shop indeflnitely. Chicopee Manufacturing Co. shut down portion of machinery
in the cotton mills, owing to poor market; present force divided into two parts, and em.
ployed on alternate weeks. The ponds of the Hampden Bleachery were totally drawn
off for the first time in 83 years; a leak was found in the flume and a coffer dam built to
repair it; the dam proved too weak for the pressure and burst.
June, S. Blaisdell Jr. Co. occupied new quarters built to replace waste house burned;
new machinery installed, and thermostat automatic sprinkling system added. Chico-
pee Manufacturing Co. started 150 new looms.
July, Overman Automobile Co., bicycles, laid off 25 tool makers and about 12 machinists
because their branch of this work was far ahead of others. Pump used in one of the
case-hardening machines at the river plant of J. Stevens Arms ATool Co. broke, causing
shutdown for part of a day. Night force of Overman Automobile Co., bicycles, discon-
tinued and men went on day work. Chicopee Manufacturing Co. started up nearly all
machinery on full time. Dwlght Manufacturing Co. started mills after shutdown of
about a week. The J. Stevens Arms & Tool Co. shut down for half day owing to break
in main belt at river plant. Chicopee Manufacturing Co. shut down for part of a day
owing to breaking of main belt in No. 2 mill.
CJllnton. In January, new corporation, known as The Clinton Braid Co., with capital
of $7,600, succeeded to business of Clinton Binding Co. February, Clinton Worsted Co.
began work on double shifts in spinning and carding departments in order to keep up with
rest of mill. March, Sterling Worsted Co. shut down for two days owing to slack work.
Spinning department of Mill No. 3 of Bigelow Carpet Co. shut down for an indefinite
time; curtailment necessary because of over-production. April. Bigelow Carpet Co.
built addition to boiler house on Union Street and added 2 new boilers; excavation begun
for foundation of addition to dyehouse. May, Sterling Worsted Co. shut down for few
weeks. July. Lancaster Mills shut down for two days ; in August, installed new combers
and lap machines.
Coneord. In January, Edward C. Damon died, aged 68 years; in 1854, he began busi-
ness in the woollen mill, in 1861 went into partnership with his brother, and in 1885 became
president of the Damon Manufacturing Co. ; firm discontinued in 1892. April. Greorge A.
Conant died, aged 43 years; he first discovered the method of coating brown paper with
bluine, which he patented.
Conw»7. In January, Darby & Moore, clothing, succeeded by George M. Darby.
Tucker & Cook Manufacturing Co., cotton yam and thread, added electric lighting plant
to No. 1 mill; generator is turned by water wheel; in July, the company's upper mill struck
by lightning.
In January, Byron Weston Co., paper, began foundation for dust house,
wooden structure, lli^ by 17 feet and 24 feet high. March. Byron Weston Co. placed
Westinghouse electric dynamo of 340 lights in Centennial mill. July. Paper works of
Z. & W. M. Crane shut down for one week. Centennial mill of Byron Weston Co. shut
down for one week, and Defiance mill for two weeks; two new heaters were added to
Defiance mill and slanting roof changed to fiat roof. Berkshire mills shut down two
weeks for repairs.
]>»ift». In August, Cooley & Vaughn started up sawmill after shutdown of one month.
DfluiTera. In January, Eaton & Armitage, shoes, occupied new quarters and began
shipments. C. C. Farwell & Co., shoes, occupied shop formerly used by Eaton & Armi-
tage. Donovan, Shea, A Newhall, boots and shoes, shut down for stock taking.
Donovan & Shea, boots and shoes, succeeded by D. F. Donovan & Co. February. Fire
destroyed small wooden building in rear of Downing, Perkins, A Co.'s shoe factory, used
as a laboratory. Colcord & Walcott, heels, succeeded by N. T. Walcott. March. Fac-
tory of American Hide & Leather Co. shut down for day and a half owing to fiooding of
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] INDUSTRIAL CHRONOLOGY— 1901. 9
boilers by rieing of Crane riyer. April, Charles P. Kerans, leather manofaotarer, began
erection of new tannery at plant; tanning heretofore done out of town.
kwum. In January, Cochran Manufacturing Co., carpetlngs, began erection of new
brick addition to plant, to be 400 x 80 feet, 8 stories. August, Merchants Woollen Co.
fitted up works for yam dyeing and installed winding machinery. September, George A.
Nickerson, president of Arlington Mills, died, aged 47 years. Merchants Woollen Co.
installed 60 new looms.
Deerlleld. In August, Arms Manufacturing Co., leather goods, erected addition to
factory.
]>lVliton. In March, L. Lincoln A Co.» paper and paper goods, added machinery to
make cone paper for cotton mills. April, Dighton canning factory, lot, buildings with
engine, and personal property, sold at auction ; factory was built in 1888 by building asso-
elation. June, Land and building known as Mount Hope property purchased for new
industry of dyeing cloth ; addition for drying shed, 100 feet long, to be erected ; corporation,
formed under name of Mount Hope Finishing Co., with capital of $126,000. Augurt, L.
Lincoln & Co. shut down paper niill for repairs.
DonslMi. In January, American Axe & Tool Co. shut down bit shop for a week; In
August, began removal of plant to Glassport, Pa.
nrment. In January, entire weaying department of Beaver Brook mills, woollen
goods, shut down for three ^ays.
]>iidl«y. In April, Stevens Linen Works began erection of annex to storehouses,.
100 x 52 feet. July, Josiah Perry mills, woollen goods, shut down for two weeks.
BMittiAmpton. In May, brick yard of Martin Bich estate purchased by Bartley V,
Coyio & Son, contracting masons, and business carried on by new firm. August. Nasha-
wannuck Manufacturing Co., clothing, Glendale Elastic Fabrics Co., and Wlliiston & Knight
Co., buttons and dress trimmings, shut down owing to accident to boilers.-— —Easthampton
Bubber Thread Co. built addition of 50 feet, 2 stories with basement, at east end of mill.
September, Several manufacturing concerns joined in scheme to install underwriters' fire
pump with capacity of 1,000 gallons a minute.
Bnfleld. In April, Woods A Ward shut down box shop for few days to make repairs;
new smoke stack 60 feet high and 28 inches diameter erected; in July, shop shut down for a
week to make repairs on machines; in August, shut down two days for boiler inspection.-
Enfield Manufacturing Co., woollen goods, shut down for 10 days.
Brrinff. In June, Millers Falls Co., artisans' tools, began brick addition to shop, 22a
feet long, 2 stories high for 147 feet, remainder one story ; forge and shipping rooms down,
stairs. August, Washburn & Heywood Chair Co. staited up after week's vacation.
BTEBBTT. In January, New England Bolt A Nut Co. began excavation for erection
of building 125x175 feet. —-Hampden Cream Co. purchased factory property formerly
occupied by Degnio Bros. February. United States Steel Co. organized with capital
stock of $3,000,000 to manufacture Jupiter steel. July. Fire damaged main building and
machinery of New England Structural Co., metals and metallic goods James Donovan
& Co. established to manufacture shoes and slippers.
F»lrli»T«ii. In June, Atlas Tack Co. began erection of new mill to be 620 x 220 feet,,
one story, with saw-toothed roof to give best possible light; front to be two stories for the
ofBces; power house and chimney with 7 foot fine and 180 feet high will be built; enginea
will be of 1,000 horse power.
FAlilt BITBB. In January, Sagamore Manufacturing Co., cotton goods, shut down
for one day owing to defective shaft; later, shut down for a day because of injury to other
machinery. U. S. Bobbin & Shuttle Co. began erection of addition to boiler and engine
house, 64x10 feet. New machinery added by Pocasset Manufacturing Co., Union Cot-
ton Manufacturing Co., Stafford Mills, Parker Mills, and King Philip Mills. Stafford
Mills installed new electric lighting plant, ifurnishing about 2,000 lights of 16-candle power.
Sagamore Manufacturing Co. started up No. 2 mill after 3 days' shutdown. Stock.
holders of Mechanics Foundry & Machine Co. voted to increase capital stock from $8,000
to $10,000, in order to provide funds to cover cost of removal of plant in case change in
grade of railroad makes removal necessary. Joseph Healy, agent and treasurer of
Digitized by VjOOQIC
10 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Osborn Mills, died, aged 78 years; he began career as cotton manufacturer in 1871, when
he became connected with the Osborn Mills. Pocasset Manufacturing Co. shut down
for few dajB on account of injury to main driving pulley in belt tower. Globe Yarn
Mills No. 2 shutdown mule room owing to surplus of yam. Carding department of
King Philip Mill No. 1 and weave room of Troy Cotton A Woollen Manufactory dam.
aged by fire.
February. Frank W. Brightman, treasurer of Stafford Mills, cotton goods, died, aged
80 years; he was at one time in the trading business in the Azores Islands. Owing to
surplus of yarn, the New England Cotton Yarn Co. closed mule spinning departments of
Globe Yarn Mill No. 2, and Bennett Spinning Co., New Bedford. Mechanics Mills
erected large number of revolying flat cards. —^ Mechanics Foundry & Machine Co. pur-
chased land for erection of new foundry. No. 2 mill of Fall River Iron Works Co. started
up after shutdown of several weeks because of accident to engine.
March. Pocasset Manufacturing Co. installed complete electric light plant. Granite
Mills installed 60 new Crompton looms. Durf ee Mills installed new machinery. The
following mills closed from one week to 10 days to curtail production : Chace, Robeson,
Merchants, American Linen, Metacomet, Laurel Lake, Davol, Durfee, Richard Borden,
Shove, Stafford, Troy, Wampanoag, Granite No. 2, Cornell, Union Cotton Manufacturing
Co., Barnard, Flint, Osborn No. 1, Sagamore, Slade, Weetamoe, and Fall River Manu-
factory.
April. Crystal Spring Bleaching & Dyeing Co. Increased capital stock to $125,000; this
move was preceded by a reduction from $100,000 to $50,000. Globe Yarn Mills No. 3 in-
stalled 22 Mason cards and 8 speeders. Arkwright Mills, cotton goods, installed 10 new
cards and 4 drawing frames. Granite Mills added 41 revolving top flat cards for work
on long staple cotton. American Linen Co. put new creels on 250 of their spinning
frames. Two small pulleys broke In weave room of Merchants Manufacturing Co. No.
1 mill, causing shutdown of few hours. The following mills shut down for one week or
less as part of curtailment agreement: Chace, Durfee, Laurel Lake, Robeson, Seaconnet,
Stafford, Wampanoag, Mechanics, Tecumseh, Pocasset Manufacturing Co., American
Linen, Fall River Manufactory, Flint, Osborn, Troy, Sagamore No. 1, Weetamoe, Union
mills Nos. 2 and 4, Cornell, Granite No. 2, Shove, Slade, Barnard, Merchants, Davol, Meta-
comet, Richard Borden, and Narragansett.
May. American Printing Co. began run of flve days a week. Granite Mills No. 2
shut down for several days owing to accident to engine. New machinery installed in
the Granite, Mechanics, and Sagamore mills. Accident to pulley in mule room of Ameri-
can Linen Co.'s mill caused shut down of whole plant for nearly two weeks to make re-
pairs. Algonquin Printing Co. began run of flve days a week instead of shutting down.
Barnaby Manufacturing Co. received several carloads of new machinery. The
following mills shut down from one to two weeks, as part of curtailment agreement:
Narragansett, Mechanics, Merchants Manufacturing Co., Union, Border City, Fall River
Manufactory, Shove, Davol, Richard Borden, Tecumseh, Weetamoe, Osborn, Sagamore,
-Granite, Barnard, and Seaconnet.
June. As result of conference between representatives of the breweries and Brewery
Workmen's union, 9 hours was agreed on as a day's work in 8 local breweries. Fall
River Machine Co.'s storehouse damaged by flre. Owing to overheating of shafting
and pulleys, 4 warps in operation on looms in Narragansett mill weave room were dam-
aged by flre. Accident to pumps at Seaconnet Mill caused shutdown of new weave
shed for one day. Parts of plant of King Philip Mills shut down owing to damage to
boilers. Merino mill owned by Joseph Healy estate sold to James M. Morton, Jr.
for $11,500. Sagamore Mill No. 2 shutdown owing to defective pump. Following
mills shut down for one or more weeks : Stafford, Flint, American Linen, Merchants,
Wampanoag, Weetamoe, Slade, Sagamore, and Laurel Lake. Shove Mill No. 2 shut
down for a few days owing to accident to shafting. Albee-Russell Co., shoes, reduced
capital to $13,500.
July, Flint mill shut down for two weeks as part of curtailment agreement, and
Installed 3 Babcock & Wilcox water and tube boilers to replace 9 upright Manning type
boilers. Flre caused slight damage at the Mechanics Foundry and Machine Co.
Osborn mill No. 2 Installed 16 new revolving top flat Whlton cards, 20 combers, and com-
plcte set of opening machinery, preparatory to making flner grades of product. No. 1
mill added 41 new cards. Pocasset Manufacturing Co. installed new railway drawing
frames, also new American Machine Co. cards to replace old top flat cards. Following
mills shut down to complete curtailment agreement: Sagamore Mill No. 1, Union Manu-
facturing Co., Fall River Manufactory, American Linen, Cornell, Merchants, Narragan-
aett, Stafford, Wampanoag, Arkwright, and Flint.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] INDUSTRIAL CHRONOLOGY— 1901. 11
September, Fred W. Harley erected 2-8tory wooden building, 60 x 40 feet, for silk wear-
ing plant. Fall Elver Manufactory started up after shutdown of seven weeks; 600 wide
looms set up In place of looms of ordinary width. Shove Mill No. 2 shut down for few
days owing to damage by fire. American Printing Co. awarded contracts for Si-story
brick addition for dyehouse, to cost (60,000. Stevens Manufacturing Co. awarded con-
tract for 2-story spinning mill, 144x278 feet, weave shed 100x226 feet, storehouse 100x60
feet, store shed 80x60 feet, and addition to boiler and engine house.
FITCRBITBe. In April, American Woollen Co. Installed 78 new looms In worsted
mill. May. American Comb Co., shell and horn goods, moved nuichinery and plant
from Leominster.
September. Iver Johnson Arms & Cycle Co. started up after shutdown for alterations.
Star Worsted Co. built 2 additions to mills.
Fr»nalasli»aa. In January, Gregory, Shaw, & Co., shoes, succeeded by new corpora-
tion of Gregory-Shaw Co.; authorized capital $260,000. February, SaxonviUe Mill
Installed new machinery for manufacture of flue worsted goods. September, Gregory-
Shmw Co., shoe manufacturers, succeeded by F. Brlgham & Gregory Co.; firm originally
organized nearly 60 years ago and came to Framingham in 1882.
Fr»nkUn. In January, Bay Fabric Co., textiles, erected new building and installed
considerable new machinery. March, Shoestring company began brisk business but
were unable to get good female help although offering good wages and clean, easy work.
Storehouse of the American Felt Co., woollen goods, damaged by flre; to be rebuilt.
July. Dunbar Wood Heel Co. Incorporated under Massachusetts laws ; authorized capital
$6,000. Augtut. William M. Brown leased shoddy mill owned by Enoch Walte to
manufacture woollen blankets.
FireetowB. In July, Crystal Spring Bleaching & Dyeing Co. Installed 8 new boilers.
0»rdn«r. In January, Luden G. Dockham, proprietor of Otter River mills, woollen
goods, died, aged 66 years. Chair factory of Alfred Wyman sold at auction to Charles
W. Conant. September. Fire damaged building owned by A. N. Pineo and occupied by
him for carriage manufactory, also by Jackson & Parcher, toys, and Kendall & Nichols,
crutch makers.
Ctooryetown. In April, factory of A. B. Noyes & Co., shoes, shut down part of a
week during which boilers were inspected. June. Georgetown Boot & Shoe Co.
xesumed work after shutdown of a week for stock taking.
0I<01JCKSTKB. In January, George A. Beed & Son, metal workers, erected addi-
tion to brass foundry, 47 x 73 feet ; also large crane capable of lifting 6 tons, and additional
«heds for other machinery. June. The Merchant Box & Cooperage Co. erected 2-story
Addition, 60 x 170 feet.
Or»fton. In January, Edward Story's paper box factory shut down for a week owing
to break In power rope.
Or»iilby. In June, Frederick Taylor, paper manufacturer, died, aged ^ years; he
began business in the firm of Brown & Taylor, occupying a mill in the north part of the
town which was burned about 50 years ago; later, h3 was a member of a stock company
which manufactured paper in South Hadley, and retired from business about 1886, when
the mill was burned.
Or»nTlll«. In July, Noble & Cooley closed drum factory for 2 weeks' annual sum-
mer vacation.
Ore»t BArrlnston. In January, Monument Mills, cotton goods, added 200 horse-
power motor. March. Business of C. B. Brewer Lumber Company closed. April.
Ashley Falls Marble Co. erected new mill, 60 x 136 feet, one story. Biverdale Mills, cot-
ton goods, shut down 4 days for repairs ; this is first shutdown in 7 years. June, Goran
Borg, of Canaan, Conn., leased woodworking department of C. B. Brewer's lumber mill.
August. Sheridan Woollen Mills shut down.
Oreenfleld. In February, William G. Bogers Co. organized to manufacture silver
plated flat ware, and purchased plant of Nichols Bros, which had been idle 2 years.
Wiley & Bussell Manufacturing Co.> machines and machinery, erected addition to plant.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
12 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
March. B. C. Hartwell A Co., wooden goods, added new machinery and steam heating to
factory, and increased number of workmen. September, Cutler, Lyons, & Field, shoes,
offered plant for sale. Wells Bros. & Co., artisans' tools, incorporated as Wells Bros.
Co.
OroT«l»nd. In February, Qroveland Mill No. 1, woollen goods, shut down for a week
owing to break in main shaft. May, GroTeland Mill No. 8 shut down for part of a day
owing to accident to engine.
H»rdwlek. In May, Oeorge H. Qilbert Manufacturing Co., woollen goods, enlarged
boiler room at No. 4 mill and set up 4 new boilers; in June, installed new machinery; in
August, set up new worsted spinning frames.
H»til«ld. In February, Porter Machine Works enlarged plant and built addition U
feet wide on south side.
HATEBHIItli. In January, C. W. Tappan Shoe Co. went out of business; no suc-
cessor. Orra I. Foster, slippers, sold business to B. J. Tasker & Co., who sold to Daniel
Green Felt Shoe Co., of New York, and business moyed there. Henry C. Fluff began
manufacture of cuffs and collars. Improved Gasolene Motor & Automobile Co. or.
ganized, to develop air-cooled gasolene engines. Chas. W. Arnold & Co., cut soles,
incorporated; authorized capital $50,000. B. G. Allen & Co. began manufacture of
counters. Henry Harris, shoes, who has been doing contract work, began manufactur.
ing for himself. Factory of Chesley A Bugg, shoes, shut down owing to break in
shafting. Heavy machinery of International Paper Co. shipped to Berlin Falls,
N. H. Firm of Collins A Lord formed to manufacture shoe dressings. Stocker
A Taska began manufacture of boots and shoes. £. A. Jennings made improvements
in shoe factory and increased number of workmen. J. H. Durgin A Son, shoes, shut
down factory for a day and a half owing to accident to motor. Elmer Murray, shoes,
moved from 32 Washington Street to No. 24.
February, M. T. Stevens A Sons Co., woollens, shut down two days to install new
boiler. Haverhill Pickle works incorporated with capital stock of $10,000, to manu-
facture pickles, relishes, salads, etc. Chick Bros., shoes, put on 12 cutters in men's
department. John M. Madigan began manufacture of a washing fluid, known as B. A
M. mixture. Chesley & Bugg shut down entire plant for few days owing to break in
heating apparatus. H. B. Goodrich, shoes, shut down plant owing to lack of heat caused
by break in boiler. M. C. Cram sold machinery of Tappan Shoe Co. and filled orders of
company at his own factory. Henry L. Harris, shoes, formerly doing business as L. M.
Harris, discharged from bankruptcy and started again. E. F. Lang, shoes, admitted
John D. Crimmin to partnership and name changed to E. F. Lang A Co.; Mr. Crlmmin re-
tired in April.
March. J. W. Proctor, soles, heels, and cut stock, started up factory after shutdown of
a week for stock taking. Searle A Webster shut down factory and sold machinery, pre-
paratory to opening with new machinery for fine and hand-sewed boots and shoes.
J. H. Winchell & Co., boots and shoes, partitioned off portion of first floor of factory for
retail store. D. T. Dudley & Co. removed shoe-lace department to factory formerly
occupied by Noyes, Bead, & Co.
April, The following firms shut down owing to high water: W. B. Thorn A Co., hats;
J. H. Winchell A Co., boots and shoes ; M. T. Stevens A Sons Co., woollen goods; James P.
Busfield, machines; and Goodrich & Porter, heating apparatus. Horace I. Plnkham, '
boots and shoes, added new machinery to vamp plant, leased another fioor in Bullen blocks
and increased number of workmen. Savels & Johnson, lasts, closed business; ma-
chinery purchased by Blake Last Co., who increased capacity by taking another fioor.
Saturday half holiday inaugurated among employes of union shoe shops. A. A.
Brackett, heel manufacturer, burned out. Gale Shoe Manufacturing Co. incorporated;
authorized capital $100,000.
May. Night work suspended at factory of M. T. Stevens A Sons Co., woollens, because
of strike of night spinners. Chesley A Bugg added six new Goodyear sewing machines
to stitching room. J. H. Winchell & Co., boots and shoes, shut down stock fitting
room for few days for stock taking. Fire damaged factory of T. S. Buddock, boots
and shoes.
June. Fire caused slight damage at factory of H. E. Gup till, boots and shoes.
Pray, Small, A Co., boots and shoes, began work of moving from Auburn, Me. Blake
Last Co. added another lathe, making 6 now in operation and completing 2 distinct linea
of last making machinery.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] INDUSTRIAL CHRONOLOGY — 1901.
13
July, Fire damaged plant of Union Potato Chip Co. H. B. George ft Co., boots and
shoes, obtained additional space and Increased output. A. D. Green, of Boston, became
partner with B. C. Prescott, pattern and tip maker, under Arm name of A. D. Green & Co.;
Boston office opened on Summer Street. Kimball Bros., of Lawrence, secured Green
factory and began manufacture of McKay sowed and Goodyear welt men's shoes.
C. H. Hayes furnished box factory with new planer weighing 6 tons. Herman B. Lewis,
boots and shoes, moved to larger factory owing to Increased business. Pray, Small, ft
Co., boots and shoes, completed setting up machinery, and cutting room In full operation.
August, Brlggs-Belman Co., edged shoe tools, added new machinery. Water pipe
burst and caused damage to stock of Hussey ft ^odgdon, shoe manufacturers. Ches-
ley ft Rugg added new line of welt machinery.
September, Warren Kimball ft Son leased factory formerly occupied by M. C. Cram,
and began renovating and repairing; new machinery to be added in Goodyear depart,
jnent.
Shoe shipments. The number of cases of shoes shipped during the year ending Septem.
1>er SO, 1901, as compiled by the Haverhill Qaatette^ Is presented In the following table :
MOHTHS.
189a-90
1890-97
1897-98
1898-99
1899-00
1900-91
October,
20,847
26,827
25,156
24,873
21,062
28.728
l^ovember, ,
25,546
21,227
25,088
25,985
39,283
81,796
December,
23.875
43,143
42.734
89,466
89,078
82,657
January,
88,709
41,190
88,931
40,514
47,078
85,370
February,
84,411
43,176
40,609
41,356
47,043
84,866
March,.
86,668
44,365
54,816
54,969
58,576
61,130
April, .
47,572
61,338
89,020
44,481
37,267
45,828
May, .
83,861
84,939
20.200
42,894
81,017
86,918
June, .
80,706
28,679
83350
42,284
28,053
83,162
July. .
29,694
29,923
24,125
27,466
17,182
28.938
August,
22.688
22,621
24,090
86,715
24,722
28,082
September,
21,617
82,638
80.966.
80,604
21.427
28,445
Totals
865,694
419,586
898,980
451,577
406,787
410.409
In February, Hinsdale Woollen Co. shut down waiting orders for new
«eason. July. Dyehouse, carding room, and spinning room of Hinsdale Woollen Co.
shut down between seasons; in August, shut down for short time owing to dull business;
resumed in September.
HolbroolE. In February, Are damaged shoe factory of Whltcomb ft Paine Co.
April. Elijah W. Porter, retired boot and shoe manufacturer, died, aged 65 years.
Holden. In February, Bagle Lake Woollen Co. shut down half the plant owing to
break in engine. Dawson Manufacturing Co., woollen goods, InstaUed one set of cards,
one new Johnson ft Bassett mule, and built addition to mill. Jefferson Manufacturing
Co., woollen goods, shut down 6 weeks to make extensive repairs and install new boiler.
C. G. Wood Co. shut down 3 days owing to broken shaft. March. Jefferson Manu-
facturing Co. started up after shutdown for repairs; in July, closed mill 4 days to make
repairs on chimney; in September, completed new flume and began running with water
power.
HoUiston.
down.
In April, National Impervious Paper Co. started up after week's shut-
HOIiTOKE. In January, Merrick Thread Co. shut down for holiday. C. F.
Church Manufacturing Co. incorporated with capital of $50,000, to make specialties in
furniture. Mill owned by the Water Power Co. and occupied by Connor Bros., woollen
goods, damaged by fire. Both mills of Riverside division o^merlcan Writing Paper
<jO. shut down for one week owing to dull market. Merrier Thread Co. resumed on
Digitized by VjOOQIC
14 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
full time, having run on short time for several weeks. Fire damaged broom shop of
Stewart Thompson In building owned by A. L. Shumway. Massasoit' division of
Holyoke Writing Paper Co. began operations after shutdown of over a month, affecting
160 workmen.
February, Merrick Thread Co. added over a hundred deliveries of Tweedale ft
Smalley's electric stop>motion drawing frames. Holyoke Paper Co. division of
American Writing Paper Co. added 2 new Marshall repeating engines.
March. Lewis J. Powers, Walter Powers, Philip C. Powers, and L. J. Powers, Jr.,
majority of stockholders of Connecticut River Paper Co., petitioned for dissolution of cor.
poration; hearing set for first Monday In April. Company organized October 13, 1888, for
manufacture of paper and paper goods with capital stock of $150,000 In 1,600 shares.
Merrick Thread Co. No. 2 mill shut down one week to make alterations and repairs, and
on account of delay in arrival of cotton shipment.
April, Riverside Paper Co. shut down owing to high water. Holyoke Thread Co»
increased capital stock from $16,000 to $20,000, and force of men from 10 to 26; company
bought old Brown Manufacturing Co. building, and makes silk, linen, cotton, and mercer,
ized thread.
May, Woollen mills of Connor Bros, shut down indefinitely owing to attachmenta
placed on property; about 200 workmen affected.
June, Farr Alpaca Co., worsted goods, began addition to mill, to Include extension
260 X 62 feet to stock room and 160 x 68 feet to No. 1 mill ; new machinery added.
July, Peter J. Sullivan, formerly with E. J. Gorman of Kaffir Cigar Co., began manu-
facture of cigars. Kaffir Cigar Co. dissolved, E. J. Gorman succeeded. William
Skinner Manufacturing Co., silks, shut down 2 weeks for usual annual vacation.
Lyman Mills, cotton goods, shutdown 4 days owing to excessive heat. C. F. Church
Manufacturing Co. began manufacture of furniture, employing 11 men; selling done
through New York jobbing house. Beebe, Webber, &, Co., woollen goods, increased
capacity ; added 20 more looms, and employed about 26 more workmen. Fire damaged
rag room in No. 2 mill of Whiting Paper Co. Farr Alpaca Co., worsted goods, began
addition, brick, 200 x 64 feet, 4 stories.
August, Power house erected to contain turbines and transmission machinery for
Ford Bit Co. and Massachusetts Screw Co.
September, Holyoke Thread Co. increased capital stock from $30,000 to $100,000.
Fire damaged mill of Chemical Paper Co. C. F. Grosvenor Woollen Co., of Palmer,
purchased shoddy mill machinery of estate of Connor Bros. ; mill leased by them from
the Holyoke Water Power Co. for the purpose of manufacturing.
Hopedale. In January, shops of Draper Co., machines, started up on full time.
February, Water pipe burst in ring shop of Draper Co., and caused shutdown of half
day for 60 workmen. June. Spindle mill of A. A. Westcott & Son destroyed by fire.
HopUnton. In January, Woodville Shoe Co. shut down for few days to take account
of stock. March, Woodville Shoe Co. shut down.
Hudson. In January, Apsley Rubber Co., rubber shoes, increased capital from
$200,000 to $460,000. February, Bradley & Sayward closed shoe factory one week for
repairs. March. Tower Bros.' machine shop shut down owing to water fiooding base-
ment and engine room. April. CM. Brett & Co., boots and shoes, began addition to
factory and other improvements which will increase production over one-third.
Hyde Park. In January, N. T., N. H., A H. R.R. began erection of brick and iron
oar shops, 2 stories, to cost $600,000, and to include mill and truck shops in one building;
paint, erecting, and freight shops, also machine and blacksmith shops in one building; dry
kiln, store room, and office building of brick. June. B. F. Sturtevant Co. purchased
tract of 16 acres for erection of large plant; in September, began building. September.
The American Loom Co. bought by a syndicate allied with the American Cotton Co.
Ip«wl«b. In July, W. F. Thompson 8c Co. began manufacturing shoes.
I<»ii«»»ier. In January, Lancaster Manufacturing Co., cotton yarn, set up new spin-
ning machines; mill has been running night and day for two years, employing 36 hands.
Cotton Mills installed new spinning and twisting
new engine set up to take the place of one
Upper Paciflb Mills, cotton goods, replaced 1,400 28.inch looms by 43-inch
IiAWBEBTCi:. In January, Atlantic C<
machinery greatly incSsing production;
broken. Upper Pacific Mills, cotton gc _
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No. 36.] INDUSTRIAL CHRONOLOGY — 1901. 15
Draper looms.— —Arlington Mill, cotton goods, set up engine of 1,600 borse power, the
largest In the city ; the fly wheel, 80 feet In diameter, weighs 75 tons, and will be driven at
6S revolutions per minute. New twisting, carding, and spinning machinery Installed at
Lawrence Duck Co. Washington Mills, worsted goods, began new engine building,
adding electrical machinery. Leland Belting Co., leather goods, closed business ; James
Marshland purchased top roll business and removed It to shop on Methuen Street; control
of worsted roll covering department passed to Arlington Mills; machinery and fixtures of
old Arm sold. Everett Mills, cotton goods, made many changes In machinery. Including
a large number of new looms. Fire started In picker department of Atlantic Cotton
Mills, and damaged stock and property. Lawrence Dye Works erected new 2-8tory
building 100x60 feet, also three large brick additions to main building; 100-horse.power
boiler and 160-horse-power engine installed.
Ftbruarp, Hartley Wool Scouring Co. resumed operations after shutdown owing to
financial difflcultleB. Knitted Fabrics Co. increased capacity and Installed new machln.
ery. Arlington Mills resumed work after shutdown to set up new engine.
March. Pacific Mills, woollen goods, added worsted spinning frames. Lawrence
Duck Co. shut down for few days to put in new wheel.
April, Following mills shut down wholly or in part on account of high water : Upper
Pacific, cotton goods; Washington, worsted goods; Everett, cotton goods; Russell Mills,
paper; Atlantic and Lower Pacific, cotton goods; Merrimac Paper Co.; Lawrence Dye
Works; Farwell Bleachery, and Arlington Mills. Following mills were closed for
holiday : Arlington, Crescent Worsted Co., Pacific, Atlantic Cotton, Pemberton, Kunhardt,
and Everett. Archibald Wheel Co., carriages, shut down owing to accident to engine.
July. Following mills closed from one to three days on account of holiday : Upper and
Lower Pacific, Atlantic, Pemberton, Washington, Everett, Kunhardt, Lawrence Duck
Arlington, and Crescent Worsted. Twisting room of Lawrence Duck Co. shut down
for few days owing to breaking of large counter shaft.
August. Atlantic Cotton M ills added new machinery and put 100 dobbies on looms.
Mitchell Paper Co. started up after long shutdown. Washington Mills, worsted goods,
installed 4500-horse-power engine. American Woollen Co. purchased Prospect and
Globe worsted mills; started up in September. Wamesit Mills, machines and machin.
ery, purchased by Robert Carruthers, reed manufacturer, of Lowell.
September. Everett Mills, cotton goods, resumed ; during shutdown installed number of
new looms. Pacific Mills started up after shutdown of 10 days. Lawrence Machine
Co. erected extension 84 x 120 feet.
Iiee. In February, several mills shut down on account of low water. »^H. C. Clark
A Son Machine Co. shut down to install steam engine. March. Edgar S. Merrill pur-
chased machine shop, factory, and sawmill of John McLaughlin ; machine shop will be
used for grist-mill, and sawmill plant will be improved. April. Hurlbut Paper Manu-
facturing Co. division of American Writing Paper Co. Installed 8 boilers.
I«el««eter. In March, Andrew Howarth A Sons, woollen goods, resumed work after
2 weeks' shutdown. July. Chapel Mills Manufacturing Co., woollens, and Valley
Woollen Mills closed for ten days' vacation. September, E. G. Carlton A Sons, woollen
goods, began erection of new brick building for boiler and picker rooms.
Iteomlnsier. In January, United States Thread Co. began work with 15 hands ; large
dynamo was placed in engine room to furnish light for factory. Sorting room of
George W. Wheelwright Paper Co. started up after brief shutdown. Merrick Puflfer,
of Leominster Manufacturing Co., shell and horn goods, died, aged 65 years. Warren
Goodale A Co., shell and horn goods, installed boiler and engine. February, Fire dam-
aged factory of F. G. Smith Piano Case Co. March, White Hart Cigar Co. increased
capacity. Wellington Piano Case Co. began extension to plant. April. W. D. Earl
A Co., shell and horn goods, shut down indefinitely. May. American Comb Co., shell
and horn goods, moved machinery to Fitchburg. June. Foundation for new Viscoloid
Company's factory begun. July. Richardson Piano Case Co. shut down two weeks to
install new boiler. George W. Wheelwright Paper Co. shut down for part of week on
account of accident to machinery.
IiOWElili. In February, T. C. Entwistle Increased capacity by purchase of lower part
of wooden block formerly occupied by Joseph Miller; the original space in the whole
plant for making cotton machinery was 625 feet; at present there are 21,250 feet in the
factory. New mill of Shaw Stocking Co. dedicated with concert by orchestra, dancing,
and collation.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
16 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
March. Lawrence Manuf actarlng Co., hosiery and knit goods, voted to increase present
capital from $760,000 to $1,250,000; as this was amount of capital under which company was
organized and it was reduced to lower amount after charter had been obtained, it was not
necessary to refer the matter to Legislature. William W. Smith, one of the proprietors
of Eagle Foundry Co., died. Tremont & Suffolk Mills, cotton goods, erected new store-
house for cotton, 123x96 feet. Appleton Co., cotton goods, added revolying top flat
cards. Perham-Stlckney Co., organized with capital of $1,000,000, to manufacture Per-
ham loom, pickers, drawing frames, and spinning frames, in Atherton machine shop.
April. Owing to high water the following mills shut down, either wholly or in part:
Massachusetts, Prescott, Boott, Merrimack, Middlesex, U. S. Bunting, Lawrence Dye
Works, Trehiont and Suffolk. Holders representing minority of stock of Lowell Manu-
facturing Co., carpets, petitioned Supreme Court of Suffolk County, for decree dissolying
corporation. T. C. Entwlstle, cotton machinery, formed stock company under name of
T. C. Entwlstle Company. Most of the large mills shut down for the holiday, except
the Lawrence Manufacturing Co. and the Appleton Co. ; Massachusetts Mills closed for
one week ; Tremont and Suffolk ran one-fourth of works.
May. Fire damaged plant of Fifleld Tool Co.; the main building was erected in 1898
by E. G. Baker & Co., and was 60x250 feet, 2i stories; there were 3 L's 60x120 feet, 24
stories, and an addition, built in 1900, contained two of the largest planers in the United
States; exterior of building was covered with sheet steel; corporation was formed in 1894
with capital stock of $150,000. Thomdlke Manufacturing Co., elastic web, purchased
by Josiah Harrlman ; company was established in 1870, and employed 44 hands. Mr. Har-
rlman is sole owner of 4 elastic web factories «nd employs 110 hands. Fire destroyed
cotton waste establishment of Otis Spofford, known as Butler batting mill. Foundry
of Doherty Bros, started up after shutdown of one week on account of flre in Fifleld
Tool Co.*s works. New England Shuttle Co. began manufacture of shuttles and shuttle
irons.
June. Merrimack Manufacturing Co., cotton goods, installed new combing machines.
Middlesex Co., woollen goods, shut down 10 days owing to accident to driving pulley.
July. Massachusetts Cotton Mills replaced old looms with Draper looms. Middle.
sex Co. shut down for a week owing to breaking of large driving pulley. John Pilling
Shoe Co. shut down indeflnitely owing to dull trade. Middlesex Co. shut down all but
weaving and flnishlng departments 2 weeks for repairs.
August. Pickering Manufacturing Co., hosiery and knit goods, erected new storehouse.
Fifleld Tool Co. voted not to rebuild burned factory but to go out of business.
Boott Cotton Mills added number of spinning frames. Merrimack Manufacturing Co.
built addition to packing department. Middlesex Co. resumed work after 6 weeks*
idleness.
September. , Fire damaged building of American Card Clothing Co. and flnishlng room
of Merrimack Manufacturing Co. Dyehouse, 40 x 800 feet, for Lawrence Manufacturing
Co., hosiery and knit goods, completed. Bay State Mills, woollen goods, began work
on foundation for addition.
I<ndlow. In February, Ludlow Manufacturing Co., linen goods, dedicated new mill by
entertainment of fully 3,500 people with concert, dance, and supper; mill was designed by
engineering department of the company, is red brick, with brownstone trimmings ; at south-
west corner is ISO-foot tower bearing 3,000-pound bell and clock with 12-foot dial ; the three
stories have 4| acres floor space, with gallery above centre of upper floor for distributing
raw material to machines below; ground floor of main building is 433 x 128 feet, and L is
147x69; 6 electric elevators handle goods and raw materials, and light is supplied from
1,276 incandescent bulbs. April. Portion of machinery in No. 5 Mill of Ludlow Manu-
facturing Co. damaged by flre.
IiTMM. In Januaiy, American Heel Co. began work. Day- Wood Heel Co. dis-
solved. D. A. Donovan & Co., shoes, added 5,000 feet to floor space by taking upper
portion of factory, corner Willow & Qxford streets. T. Frank Tyler, molded shanks,
removed to ground floor of building occupied by John Lancy, Jr. Hoyt, Rowe, & Co.,
slippers, took more floor space in Pevear building. George W. Belonga & Co., shoes,
added new machinery and rearranged plant. Albert J. Lyons, of counter Arm of Mor-
ton & Lyons, Percy F. Munsey, and John G. Warner formed corporation for manufact-
ure of molded counters, under style of Lyons Counter Co. John Lane, of John Lane
ft Son, slippers, died, aged 64 years; he came to the United States from England in 1885.
T. J. Donovan, formerly with Harney Bros., began manufacture of misses' and chil-
dren*s shoes. Foot Form Shoe Co. and M. I. Kelley, shoes, removed to Elder building,
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] INDUSTRIAL CHRONOLOGY — 1901. 17
Arch St.— L. N. Plnkhsm, thoes, removed to SOS Washington St., and Hoyt A Bowe,
shoes, occupied space vacated by L. N. Plnkham. Eastern Electric Co., of Mlddleton,
moved to Lynn; company was formed In 1896 for the manufacture of incandescent lamps,
making 1,600 to 2,000 lamps daily and now expect to make double that number.
February, Gtoorge FuUer, retired shoe manufacturer, died, aged 61 years. — Brophy
Bros. Shoe Co. discontinued annex to factory, known as ** back shop," and paid oil men.
Hoyt, Bo we, A Co., slippers, succeeded by Hoyt A Bowe. F. A. Gtoddard began
manufacture of toplifts. J. B. Grant, shoe patterns, discontinued business; no succes-
sor. Luddy A Currier, shoes, added lasting machines. Munsey Shank A Counter
Co. added new machinery. Parker Bros, lianufacturing Co., boot and shoe findings,
purchased stock and fixtures of Wm. A. Hill A Co. and leased additional floor space.— »
Hall A Sprague Shoe Co. began business.
March, Morning Star Shoe Co. increased capacity. Williams, Clark, A Qo., shoes,
increased floor space. Bandall- Adams Co., shoes, incorporated; authorised capital
$40,000. J. B. Howard, formerly with J. B. Benton Co., began manufacturing pasted
innersoles. Melville S. Nichols died, aged 6S years; he began shoe manufacturing in
1858. Morrow Counter A Heel Co. incorporated ; authorised capital $10,000. James B.
Phelan Shoe Manufacturing Co. moved to building formerly occupied by Brophy Bros. — —
H. D. Floyd, counters, discontinued that branch, to engage in the manufacture of shoes.
Jpril. Walton A Logan Co., shoes, increased capacity by 10,000 additional feet of floor
space. Breed A Bacheller, cut soles, increased manufacturing capacity 8,000 feet. —
John S. Cushman, who purchased slipper business of Howe, Cushman, A Stocker, and
Frank L. Cushman formed new firm of Cushman A Cushman. Breaking of main shaft
on engine caused shutdown for 2 days in factories of J. B. Thomas A Tarr, Mrs. C. H.
King, Chas. E. Sprague Box Co., Frank Keene Co., W. H. Tuttle, and Faunce A Spinney.
R. J. Breed, cut soles, discontinued. E. T. Bicker A Co., boots and shoes, succeeded by
Miller A Bicker. Hall A Sprague Shoe Co. sold to Amos F. Bailey who will manufact-
ure infants' turned shoes. Torsey A Campbell began mannfacturing men's and
women's slippers. Fire in Elder building damaged stocks of H. B. Ford A Co., T. J.
Donovan, and Mrs. M. A. Kelley, shoes; Faxon A Ludden, wood heels; Crosman Box Co.
and Vella Star Heel Co.
May. Qeorge Purdon, retired morocco manufacturer, died, aged 68 years. ~— Miller A
Bicker, shoes, inc^^eased capacity. Gtoorge D. Merrill A Co. succeeded shoe firm of
Merrill Bros. ; P. W. Hessberg, of M. Hessberg, Blchmond, Ya., is new partner. Thos.
W. Gardiner began addition to last factory, and added 4 turning lathes. Floyd A John.
son, shoes, succeeded H. D. Floyd. ~—M. S. Skinner A Co., heels, succeeded by M. S.
Skinner Co. Ford A Belonga . began manufacturing shoes. Torsey A Campbell
began manufacturing slippers.
June. P. L. Belonga A Co. began manufacturing infants' soft soles.— Astral Shoe
Blacking Co. began manufacturing shoe polishes. Bedfem Shoe Co. retired.
July. Gardiner, Beardsell, A Co., shoes, increased capacity. Cushman A Hebert,
shoes, occupied quarters of P. H. Nourse A Co., who moved to shop vacated by Mr. Treen.
Fire damaged McKay department of William Porter A Son, shoes. Cutler A Ames,
counters, moved to larger quarters. Fuller Chemical Co. formed to make electric sole
bleacher, blacking stains, paints, and shoe supplies. Plant of Fosslitch Leather Co.
damaged by Are. Hadley Cement Co. began manufacturing cements, blackings, and
dressings. L. L. Daily began manufacturing shoes. Hennessey Shoe Co. began
erection of addition to factory. Timson A Co. began manufacturing shoes. Thomas
A. Kelly A Co., shoes, added new boiler and vats. Thomas Keck A Sons closed out-sole
factory for one week. T. J. Donovan, boots and shoes, admitted F. A. O'Brien; firm
name changed to T. J. Donovan A Co. Innersole A Spring Heel Co. began manufact-
uring shoe stock.
August. J. B. Benton Company, shoe stock, reduced capital stock from $125,000 to
$75,000.
S^tember. Frank Keene Co., shoes. Increased floor space by addition of room In ad-
Joining building. Fire damaged plant of Parker Bros. Manufacturing Co., shoe findings.
M AltDEM. In April, Boston Bubber Shoe Co. started up after shutdown of one month.
June. Maiden Electric Co. increased boiler capacity and installed Green Economizer.
Creorge P. Cox Last Co.'s plant damaged by fire. July. Webster A Co., leather, shut
down tannery 2 weeks for repairs. September. Charles Niedner, linen fire hose, began
addition, 100 x SO feet, 2 stories.
HarbleheaA. In August, William W. Denning began manufacturing shoes.
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18 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
MAKIiBOBOVOH. In February, Marlboro Machine and Lamp Co. Installed new
machinery. March. S. H. Howe Shoe Co. added new machinery for treeing, buffing,
and counter cutting. April, Spalding Manufacturing Co. added manufacture of tlelghs
to product. Augu9t, Timothy A. Coolldge, retired shoe manufacturer, died.
MmjmMrd. In January, ABsabet Mills, woollen goods, Installed 10 Kershaw web feed-
ing machines for finisher cards.
HBDFOBD. In March, fire damaged part of Boston Steel and Iron Company's plant
known as the west wing. August. Glenwobd Works began foundation for addition to
dyehouse, to be of brick, 2 stories, 120 x 60 feet.
MedwAj^. In January, Ray A Wilson, cotton waste, shut down on account of low
water. Febrtuiry. Madden-Curtls Shoe Co. shut down during erection of addition to
factory. May. Bay A Wilson, cotton waste, started up after shutdown of few days
owing to high water; later, built new stock house at lower shoddy mill to replace one de«
stroyed by fire recently; In September, completed repairs.
Mettraen. In January, knitting mill of Swain Manufacturing Co. started up after
long shutdown. March, Knitted Fabrics Co. shut down for few days to Install new
machinery. June. Methuen Co. shut down cotton mill for an Indefinite period owing
to lack of orders.
MlddleteoroMvh. In February, Albert Alden, retired straw goods manufacturer,
died, aged 83 years. June. Leonard, Shaw, & Deane, shoes, closed a week for stock
taking.
In January, partnership of Clapp, Hucklns, & Temple, shoes, dlssolyed,
succeeded by new firm of Hucklns, Temple, & Wood. Fd>ruary. Magld-Hope Silk
Manufacturing Co; shut down for an Indefinite time; In April, new company formedt
under name of National Silk Tarn Co. March. G. H. Cutting Granite Co. Incorporated ;
authorized capital $200,000. William Lapworth & Sons, elastic webbing, added six new
looms. Mllford Shoe Co. combined two f^torles in one and made additions to old fac-
tory. July, United Shoe Machinery Co. purchased needle business of Lilley ft Co.;
this business was started In Hopedale in 1849 and moved to Mllford In 1806; new owners
will take business to one of their several plants.
MlllbnrT'. In January, Bowden Felting Co. shut down for two days owing to short-
age of orders. Picker and wheel houses of C. T. Aldrlch, woollen goods, destroyed by
fire. February. Mlllbury Scouring Co. began addition to plant, to be of wood, 40 z 82
feet, 2 stories. C. T. Aldrlch started up after repairing damage done by fire. May.
Pinafore Cotton Mill shut down for Indefinite time owing to dull trade. July. Bams-
hom Mills, woollen goods, started up after shutdown of two weeks. August, William
Leventhal, of Boston, leased Ramshom Manufacturing Co.'s plant for manufacture of
men's suitings. September, Mayo Woollen Co. purchased plant of Wheeler Cotton MUl
Co.; manufacturing to begin at once.
Millla. In January, plant of National Flax Fibre Co. completed and all departments
running on full time, manufacturing crashes, towels, and other linens from American
grown flax.
In January, ground broken for addition to Reynolds mill, 40 x 88 feet, 2
stories, to be used for dyehouse; A. D. Ellis recently purchased mill at auction. April.
Cushman & Sons, woollen goods, shut down few days for repairs. June. South Monson
straw shop property sold at auction to Ferdinand Langwald and machinery changed to
looms for worsted manufacture. July. A. D. Ellis shut down part of plant owing to
accident to engine. September. S. F. Cushman A Sons, woollen goods, ran out stock
preparatory to shutting down for 6 weeks.
Montavne. In January, Turners Falls Cotton Mills added new machinery. Febru-
ary. Massachusetts Brick Co. made repair? at Welch brickyard and added new boiler
room and boiler. International Paper Co. added new machinery. April. Esleeck
Paper Mill shut down for repairs. Keith Paper Co. added now folding machine and
cutter.
Digitized by VjOOQIC-
No. 36.] INDUSTRIAL CHRONOLOGY— 1901. 19
]r»il«k. In April, plant and stock of M. H. Hopf A Co., boots and shoes, damaged bj
Are. B. F. Moran, boots and shoes, retired from business; no successor.
iree^UhMM. Mosely ft Co., hosiery and knit goods, erected S-story addition, 80x20
feet.
ms W BEDFOlUi. In January, business of Qeorge Delano's Sons and that of Homer
Bros, purchased by F. L. Young A Kimball, manufacturers. Importers, and dealers in oil,
of Boston. Stockholders of A. L. Blackmer Co. voted to increase capital stock from
$20,000 to $80,000; company expects to build addition to plant.
February. Snell & Simpson began manufacture of crackers, etc. Soule Mills, cotton
yam and thread, incorporated; authorized capital $000,000; mills contain about 60,000
spindlest— — Fire destroyed finishing shed of Oneko Woollen Mills, owned by Holden,
Leonard, ft Co., of Boston.
March. Henry C. Fowler, loom hameii manufacturer, died, aged 68 jears; he began
making looms In 1886, with one machine of English make. Wamsutta Mills, cotton
goods, added cotton combing machinery. Pierce Manufacturing Co., cotton goods,
added considerable number of spinning frames in new addition.
April. Potomska Mills Corporation, cotton goods, installed 26,000 new frame spindles
and French and German combers. Pierce Manufacturing Co. added 200 new fancy
looms. Bennett Spinning Co. added 20 new spinning frames. New Bedford Manu-
facturing Co. passed resolution to close mill for two days over the holiday, owing to dull
business.
Jfoy. Erection of new spinning mill for Soule Mills begun, to be four distinct build-
ings with all conveniences and improvements.
June, The Acetylene Machine Manufacturing Co. began operations in building owned
by George F. Bartlett.
July. Factory property of Rhodes Eyelet Co. purchased by Eppler Welt Machine Co.,
a new corporation.
August. Morse Twist Drill ft Machine Co. built addition to works. Hathaway.
Coniff Mechanical Warp Stop.Motion Co. incorporated under Rhode Island laws; au-
thorized capital $200,000. Contract awarded by Henry T. Bulman for stocking factory,
of brick and stone, 82 x 42 feet with L 84 x 20 feet and stair tower 17 x 17 feet, 4 stories; L 2
stories, main building partly 8 and partly 4 stories.
September. Potomska Mills Corporation installed electric lighting plant of 1,600 lights.
Weave shed completed for Soule Mills Corporation.
ITewbury. In January, Benjamin Pearson, Sr., died, aged 78 years; he began busi-
ness with his son Benjamin Pearson, Jr., in 1876, and at the time of his death was president
of the Byfleld Snuff Co.
ITEWBIJBTPOBT. In January, B. E. Cole ft Co., shoes, increased capacity by tak-
ing second floor of building occupied by A. F. Ross ft Co. Trouble with boiler at silver
factory of Towle Manufacturing Co. caused shutdown until new one could be put In.
February. Fiberloid Co. purchased land for erection of 2.Btory brick addition to factory.
Towle Manufacturing Co. started up after shutdown of 18 days. March. Essex
Manufacturing Co. succeeded Essex Heel Co., dissolved. April. Edward E. Ling, of
Scarboro Beach Packing Co., Portland, Me., leased building in the John Currier, Jr., ship
yard; company will pack in tins, clams, flsh, and vegetables, employing about 60 persons.
May. Barton Shoe Co. increased facilities for producing in f ants' soft-soled shoes. Jtdy.
Towle Manufacturing Co. started up after summer vacation. September. N. D. Dodge
ft Bliss, shoes, built 3-story addition.
NEWTOBT. In January, work begun on new mill for Cherokee Turkey Red Dye Co.
February. Boston Paper Co. closed mills. Plant of Nonantum Co., worsted goods, sold
under mortgage to S. Eug^ene Ames; to be remodeled and operations resumed; In April,
sold again at auction to Walter A. Webster, of Boston. June. Fire destroyed planing
miU of Henry F. Ross.
BTOBTBC ABAHS. In January, carriage manufactory of W. H. Turner destroyed by
Are. Wilkinson & Bliss shoe factory purchased by Fred F. Dowlin. Colonel John
Bracewell, of Windsor Manufacturing Co., died, aged 64 years. North Adams Brush
Co. removed to Clarksburg. February. Eagle Mill of Windsor Co., print works, shut
down for few hours owing to breaking of large belt. March, C F. Sampson Mfg.
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20 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Co., Bboes, shut down indeflnltely owing to business difflcalties. Shoe toetorj of Fftir-
field, Millard, A Co. dosed and bosiness transferred to faciorj of N. L. Millard A Co.
April. BarUett lumber mill sold to S. P. Thayer, who sold to 8. B. Dibble Lumber Co.
Henrj Clay Bliss, retired woollen goods manufactorer, died, aged 83 years. Maif. N.
L. Millard ft Co. set np new JM-horse-power engine. June, All cigar manufacturing
shops closed to take inyentory ordered by the Goyemment. Blackinton Co., worsted
goods, shut down indefinitely. August. Greylock Mills, cotton goods, let contract for
addition to plant, to cost about $6,000. Webber Bros., shoes, began addition to factory ;
new part will be used for Goodyear welts and old shop for McKays. ——Johnson Manufact-
uring Co. and Dunbar Mills Co. consolidated to manufacture cotton goods; Johnson MTg
Co. began business in 18S0, incorporated in 1878. Blackinton Co., worsted goods, started
up. September . Greylock Mills built addition for combing room. Eagle Mill of
Windsor Co. shut down.
MOBTHAMPTOir. In March, Northampton Shoe Co. organized; authorized capital
$10,000. Frank H. Dlnsmore, of Dinsmore A Jager, manufacturers of banjo and yioUn
supplies, died, aged 42 years. Norwood Engineering Co. began foundation for addition
to machine shop. AprU, E. E. Wood Cutlery Co. sold business to W. A . Rogers Cutlery
Co. of New York; sale included business of Rogers ft Wood Co., silver-plating. JtUy.
Norwood Engineering Co. built addition to machine shop. August, Mt. Tom Sulphit*
Pulp Co. shut down for a week owing to temporary closing of Holyoke Paper mills.
September, Rogers ft Wood Co., cutlery, began addition, 74x40 feet, one story, for forge
room.
H^rth Aad^Ter. In February, M. T. Stevens ft Sons* Co., woollen goods, organised;
authorized capital $600,000. June, Massachusetts Bleach ft Dye Works destroyed by
fire.
H^rtb Attleteor*«vh. In January, F. M. Whiting ft Co., shell and horn goods, shut
down for 2 weeks. James Totten, old-time manufacturing jeweler, died. March,
Factory of Sturdy *s Sons, jewelry, destroyed by fire ; W. N. Fisher ft Co. and E. E. Thomas
ft Co ., in the same building, lost heavily. April, W. S. Blackinton ft Co. started up after
2 weeks' shutdown. E. I. Franklin ft Co., jewelry, shut down one week for repairs.
VmrtMh^vmmm^* In January, Northborough Woollen Mills damaged by fire. F^-
ruary, Woodside Mills, woollen goods, started up after shutdown of seven months ; James
Dorr, of Jefferson, Mass., to run the property.
ir*rtbbrlds«. In March, Whitin Machine Works equipped the Whitman Cotton Mills,
New Bedford, with 40 new combing machines.
H^rtb Brookfleld. In January, shoe shop of H. H. Brown closed for invoice.
February. E. ft A. H. Batcheller Co., shoes, added 4 new lasting machines and expect to
put in more ; also added manufacture of tree feet to product. March, Fire damaged last
ftMstory of E. ft A. H. Batcheller Co. June. E. ft A. H. Batcheller closed factory for
invoicing.
H^vthileld. In January, fire destroyed cabinet-maker's shop of Isaiah Moody. Sep.
tember. Fire damaged factory owned by Gilbert H. Mann and occupied by Hamilton ft
Son for wood turning.
Harwell. In March, factory occupied by Ridge Hill Shoe Co. destroyed by lire.
April. Greorge W. H. Litchfield, retired shoe manufacturer, died.
H^rwood. In May, stockholders of Lyman Smith's Sons Co. voted to adopt name of
Winslow Bros, ft Smith Co. for the manufacture of sheepskins; new organization in-
eluded firms of Winslow Bros, and Lyman Smith's Sons who for nearly 60 years manu-
factured sheep leather in this town; authorized and paid in capital $350,000.
In March, Orange Shirt Co. closed factory for an indefinite time; plant
was built in 1896 by the citizens and turned over to company under terms of contract.
April. New Home Sewing Machine Co. dedicated new factory with dance and collation;
building is of brick, 8 stories, 200 x 98 feet. James H. Haley began erection of brass
foundry. M€»y, Grout Bros, began work on foundation for addition to automobile fao-
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No. 36.] INDUSTRIAL CHRONOLOGY — 1901. 21
torj. Julp, New Home Sewing Machine Co. shut down for 10 days. Augutt, Orange
Shirt Co. stockholders voted to sell property of company to F. M. Becker; In September,
F. M. Becker began manufacturing.
In February, Andrew Howarth ft Son, woollen goods, shut down owing to
accident to boiler. April, John Rich, of Mlllbury, purchased water prlrllege at Qates
place, put In new flume and made other Improvements.
PalBser. In January, Boston Duck Co. added new twisting, carding, and spinning
machinery, also new water-wheels; later, added napping machine.— Holden ft Fuller,
wooUen goods, shut down for a week on account of lack of orders.
Pe «» «<y. In February, Danyers Bleachery ft Dye Works added making of sheets
and pillowcases for Naumkeag Steam Cotton Co. to product. April, Furbush ft Co.
began manufacture of gralnleather In finishing factory of John A. Lord. — — Murr Leather
Co. purchased building known as the Brown wool shop to be used as drying department.
May, Christopher Carter hired William P. Clark factory for manufacture of morocco;
factory formerly occupied by him in Salem was burned. The Annable factory started
up to produce chrome tanned sheepskins. Monahan ft Robinson leased old Bnos factory
for the manufacture of a patent Babbitt metal. June, Vaughn Machine Co. Incorporated;
authorized capital $2,000,000; business of the Sawyer Leather Measuring Machinery Co.
purchased by new firm who will manufacture and control sale of same. Vaughn Machine
Co. was established many years ago by father of Qeorge, Ira, and Charles Vaughn, who In.
vented the first puttlng^out machine. July. F. Osborne Co., leather manufacturers,
started up after shutdown of 9 months. National Calfskin Co. erected new frame store-
house, 2 stories above basement, fiat roof, with granolithic fioor In basement.— A. B.
Clark built addition, 86 x 45 feet, to morocco factory. Auyutt, Calvin J. Larrabee,
leather manufacturer, died, aged 87 years.
Pepperell. In January, Gregory, Shaw, ft Co., shoe manufacturers, dissolved;
Gregory-Shaw Co. continued; business was originally established In 1815, incorporated in
1900. February, Flagg Manufacturing Co., musical Instruments, moved part of stock
and machinery to East Boston.
PITTSFIKIib. In January, Eaton-Hurlbut Stationery Co. shut down one day for
repairs on boiler. J. L. ft T. D. Peck Manufacturing Co., woollen goods, began addition
to storehouse, 97x40 feet. Stevenson Manufacturing Co. reorganized with capital of
$50,000, to manufacture reels, spools, and bobbins. Pontoosuc Woollen Manufacturing
Co. shut down for one week, owing to dull trade. Two mills of J. L. ft T. D. Peck
Manufacturing Co. started up after shutdown of 2 weeks. Pittsfleld Shoe Stock Co.,
organized about a year ago, added new machinery and increased force. Andrlesse ft
Hanssen leased rooms In Ryan block for manufacturing cigars.— » Slight damage done
by fire at plant of Helllwell ft Co., wooUen goods.
February, Weaving departments of W. C. TiUotson shut down 8 days to allow carding
and spinning rooms to get stock ahead. Directors of Stanley Electric Co. voted to
Increase capital stock $250,000. Part of the business of the Stevenson Manufacturing
Co. consolidated with that of the Wrentham Shuttle Co., of Wrentham.
March, Pontoosuc Woollen Manufacturing Co. shut down part of mill 8 days owing to
break in shafting. Smith Shirt Co. started up after shutdown of 2 weeks. O. W.
Robbins Shoe Co. shutdown for Indefinite time. Pittsfleld Carriage Co. made altera-
tions and improvements including placing of large elevator and excavation for cellar
wall under shops, 40x 60 feet.
Aj)ril, New company formed with capital stock of $25,000, to manufacture crackers.
Eaton-Hurlbut Paper Co. began addition to factory, 50 x 100 feet, 8 stories, brick, to
cost $25,000. Andrlesse ft Hanssen, cigars. Increased capacity.
May, W. E. TiUotson Manufacturing Co., woollen goods. Incorporated with $175,000
capital, and assumed business of W. E. TiUotson. The Pittsfleld Shoe Stock Co. shut
down for inventory before moving; resumed operations In July. W. E. TiUotson Mfg.
Co., worsted goods, added 10 new looms. Government paper mill at ColtsvlUe shut
down for a month. S. N. ft C. RusseU Manufacturing Co., woollen goods, shut down
for one week during repairs.
June, HeUlwell ft Co. shut down for repairs to engine and machinery. Andrlesse
ft Hanssen, cigar manufacturers, dosed factory and took positions in Albany, N. Y. — *
Thomas Crane began manufacture of rugs.
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22 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Juiy. A. H. Rice A Co., silk goods, started up after shutdown of several days for In-
yentory. Stanley Electric Manufacturing Oo. erected new pattern shop and gate-house.
8qi>tentber. Morewood Ice Co. began new structure, 100 x BO feet, 40 feet high.
Plym^aih. In April, George Mabbett ft Sons built addition to woollen mill and
installed new machinery. S^tember, Fire destroyed warehouse of Plymouth Cordage
Co.
BAMdolpb. In February, J. B. Lewis Co., of Brockton, shoes, purchased new Tiles-
ton shoe factory and moved machinery from Brockton.
In January, directors of Beading Rubber Manufacturing Co. voted to
Increase capital stock BO per cent; brick addition built, 850 x CO feet, one story, for manu-
facture of Imitation upholsterers' leather. April, Ford A Chase, shoes, dissolved; E.
W. Ford succeeded; in June, removed plant to Salem and increased product.
ReTere. In July, spice mill of D. A L. Slade Co. destroyed by fire; mill was built
50 years ago.
Bochland. In January, Hurley Bros., who retired from firm of N. B. Packard A Co.,
Brockton, purchased Bates factory and began manufacture of shoes. February. Gideon
Studley's new box mill completed; 2 stories, 90x66 feet, with basement 66x55 feet, L
83x84 feet, cost $35,000. April. Kuhn Machine Co. purchased factory formerly oc-
cupied by Jason Smith ; brick stack to be erected and 15-horse-power engine and IS-horso-
power boiler installed. May. Inkley A Johnson moved heel business to Brockton.
Rice A Hutchins, shoes, began negotiations for 60 acres of land for erection of new factory
and tannery. Land already purchased for erection of 25 houses.
SAIiEM. In January, Naumkeag Steam Cotton Co. installed 150-horse-power boiler.
£. S. Woodbury A Co., shoes, erected large factory for their own use. February.
Goodwin A Carroll, machinists, succeeded by Goodwin A Lincoln. B. J. Mulligan built
addition to morocco factory. Fires for the month: Heffernan A Son, shoes; Henry D.
Lefavour, shoes; the latter began erection of factory, 4 stories, accommodating several
hundred workmen, to take place of factory burned. Jiarch. Fire damaged building
occupied by Peter F. Marrin, stiffening shop, and A. W. Copp, box manufacturer.
April. Fire destroyed mill of N. P. Gifford, building materials, and damaged box fac-
tory of W. A. Irving. May. Eagle Iron Foundry damaged by fire. P. Creedon A
Co. purchased currying shop of George F. Putnam tannery; in June, E. W. Ford, suc-
cessor to Ford A Chase, shoes, moved business from Reading to occupy it. July. Daniel
C. Haskell tannery property purchased by John Bradley, of Salem Shoe Stock Co.
Moore Leather Machine Co. Incorporated, began manufacturing. August. B. J. Mul-
ligan factory, shoe stock, started up after shutdown of a month. Eagle Iron Foundry
began erection of addition, 40x 42 feet.
S»«va«. In January, Saugus Woollen Manufacturing Co. organized; authorised
capital $70,000. F. Scott A Sons, woollen goods, added new looms.
Sbelbume. In March, American Metallic Casket Co. tore down part of the old Oard-
ner cutlery plant in order to build addition.
Sblrlejr. In January, Samson Cordage Works Installed dynamo and other electric
power machinery in new building on site of the old Fredonlan mill.
Somerset. In January, Somerset Stove Foundry Co. started up after shutdown of 8
weeks for repairs; in February, shut down 2 weeks for stock taking; in May, shut down
for indefinite time, resuming in June; in July, shut down for 10 days. February, Fire
damaged building of Mount Hope Iron Co. ; in April, nail factory shut down for repairs
to overhead shafting; in June, company shut down for one week; in July, nail factory
run 5 days a week to allow plate department to get ahead. September. Somerset Stove
Foundry Co. started up after shutdown of 2 weeks.
SOMEBTIIilii:. In July, A merican Tulie Works began erection of brick boiler house,
1 story, 54 x 41 feet. September. American Tube Works began erection of 2-story briok
and stone building, steel frame, 41 x 58 feet.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] INDUSTRIAL CHRONOLOGY — 1901. 23
••«tlibri«S«. In Marob, Hunllton Woollen Co. added 100 looms In spinning room.
••■tli H«dl«9r. In Marob, plant of Glasgow Co., cotton goods, started np after sbut-
down of 4 years to run off stock; la May, sbnt down. May, Flnlsblng room of Hamp.
sblre Paper Co. shut down for few days.
Soaihwlak. In May, fire destroyed sawmill and seven otber buildings owned by
Elbrldge F. Dewey.
Speaeer. In January, Are damaged No. I mill of Spencer Wire Co. Cutting depart-
ment of Isaac Prouty & Co. Incorporated, shoes, shut down for stock taking, which was done
In each department as fast as work was finished. A. Drury, retired shoe manufttcturer,
died; he was at one time engaged with George Livermore, later with Frank B. Dunston,
of firm of E. Jones & Co., and retired in 1888. Spencer Textile Co., woollen goods, put
additional looms In operation. March, No. 6 mill of Spencer Wire Co. shut down on
account of broken water-wheel. April, Dufton Bros., woollen goods, shut down one
day owing to high water In finishing and boiler rooms. July, E. Jones & Co. shut down
«hoe factory owing to accident to heater. September, Cutters at shoe factory of Isaac
Prouty & Co. Incorporated began work after a week's vacation.
•PBIlf OFIBItD. In January, Meyer Thread Co. removed to Salem, N. H.
February, Franklin Nichols and John A. Nichols retired from Taylor, Nichols, A Co.,
istationery manufacturers; John A. Murphy, former partner, and Gteorge H. Souther suc-
ceeded, under style of Murphy & Souther. James S. Blair, ex-presldent and founder
of Blair Manufacturing Co., agricultural Implements, died, aged 82 years. William P.
Derby, retired manufacturer webbing and narrow fabrics, died, aged 02 years.— O. W.
Bulloch ft Co., artisans' tools, secured opUon on lease of floor space In building owned
and formerly occupied by Cheney Blgelow Wire Works. — Cheney Blgelow Wire Works
built brick addition to fiu^ry, 2 stories, 44 x 148 feet; the looms to be Instolled will each
rest on a stone foundation. Independent of floor of building.
March, Springfield Economy Bug Co. began manufacturing rugs from old carpets by
nse of company's patented machine.
May, American Flax Co. moved from Meredith, N. H., to Indian Orchard, and began
manufacturing. Indian Orchard Co., cotton yam and thread, shut down half day owing
<to accident to governor. Fire damaged plant of Springfield Lumber Co.
June. Chapman Valve Manufacturing Co. built addition to plant, one story, 60 x 150
ieet, of steel ; brass finishing department shut down for one day owing to accident to main
1i>elt. Bemis & Call, hardware and tools, began erection of new mill, 146 x 61 feet; first
aectlon will be continuation of present No. 2 mill and 3 stories high, second section to be
-2 stories, and 114 feet long; old mill will be used for storehouse. — Springfield Armory
ahops shut down 15 days for annual repairs and inventory.
July, Atlas Wire Works organized for manufacture of wire goods. Knox Auto-
mobile Co. organized with capital of $60,000. Chapman Valve Manufacturing Co. began
-work on addition to main building, 40 x 21 feet, one story, to be used for a japan-room.
J. W. Steere & Sons, incorporated with capital of $50,000, purchased plant and organ
business of J. W. Steere A Son.
August. Cross A Church, proprietors of Century Manufacturing Co., clothing, increased
capacity.
September, Springfield Economy Rug Co. moved into rooms vacated by Planet Manu-
facturing Co. Blmle Paper Co. reorganized as stock company; authorized capital
$600,000; later, began erection of mill addition, brick, 8 stories, 50x75 feet. R. H. Long
of B. H. Long Shoe Manufacturing Co. leased J. E. Bacon factory and vrlll operate same.
Templeton Press, newspaper and job printing, bought by Albert C. S. Baymond who
will manage it In connection with his plant at Greenfield.
SterllBy. In January, Marcus & Co., owners of the Edwin Stevenson mill at Pratt's
Junction, hired Fitch chair shop for finishing room; to be known as New England Chair
Co.
a. In February, T. H. Jones Shoe Co. increased capacity by taking the space
formerly occupied by Blalsdell Clothing Co. April, George Longmore began manu-
facturing heels. Business of H. B. Tucker, shoe stock, transferred to H. B. Tucker
•Co., incorporated under Massachusetts laws.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
24 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
•••«Vh*«A. In January, Fltopatrick Shoe Co., Chas. B. Dwyer president, began man-
ufacturing. March. French & Ward, knit goods, shut down for indefinite time owing
to dull trade. June, Upham Bros. A Co., shoes, purchased Charles Stratton A Son's fac>
tory. Stockholders of Wales French Shoe Co. yoted to go out of business and closed
factory. August. Fire damaged waste house of Stoughton Mills, woollen goods and
yam.
In June, Batcheller ft Nason, slippers, ran out stock and closed factory ; shop
was opened in 1881 and most of the work done by hand.
•w»aa«». In July, Lorenxo P. Sturtevant installed additional machinery for manu-
facture of Jewelry in second floor of the D. R. Child ft Co. establishment.
•wABspee^M. In March, Swampscott Gelatine Co. incorporated; authorized capital
$6,100.
TAVHTOM. In January, Lewis ft Co., candy manufacturers, moved from PhiladeU
phia to factory on Main Street. Corr Manufacturing Co. added 60 looms and installed
new boiler. John C. Rhodes ft Co., eyelets, purchased plant and business of Joha
D. Robinson.
February. Cohannet Mills, cotton yam and thread, shut down 4 weeks to install new
steam plant at No. 1 and 2 mills. Eldrldge ft Co. made extensive improvements at coffin^
plate works. Robinson Iron Works sold to Plymouth Mills; works were shut down
about 10 years ago. North Dighton Co-operative Stove Co. shut down for the holiday;
In March, shut down for a week; in June, shut down for several weeks.
March. French ft Winslow, brick, started up after shutdown of about 2 months.
April. William O'Brien, formerly spinning ring manufacturer, died. New com^
pany formed to manufacture brick; 28 acres of land purchased from A. B. Staples, who
retired from brick business some time since; in June, made first lot of 82,000 brick.
Whittenton Manufacturing Co., cotton goods, shut down for 2 weeks to curtail production ;
later, began erection of new storehouse. Fire destroyed plant of Taunton Dye Works;
in June, William Levering began rebuilding.
Majf. Reed ft Barton shut down silver department for stock taking. Taunton
Locomotive Manufacturing Co. closed to take account of stock. Fire caused slight
damage at mill of Whittenton Manufacturing Co.
June. Mason Machine Co. installed new molding machines. Fire destroyed building-
owned by Francis S. Babbitt and occupied by Cohannet Silver Plate Co., Henry D..
Moulton, and The Atlantic Refrigerating Machine Co.
July. Elizabeth Poole Mills, cotton goods, shut down for about a month to curtail
production. Whittenton Pearl Jewelry Co. formed, and began erection of factory,.
87x60 feet. Fire damaged Canoe River mill, cotton yarn and thread. Whittenton.
Manufacturing Co. started up after shutdown of 10 days. Poole Silver Co. started up
after shutdown for repairs.
August. North Dighton Co-operative Stove Co. started up after shutdown. Eliza-
beth Poole Mills started up after shutdown of over a month.
S^tember. Taunton Gas Co. began operation of plant at Weir and will continue old
plant until new one is running satisfactorily. Taunton Automobile Co. incorporated;
authorized capital $200,000. Fire damaged foundry of Taunton Locomotive Manufact-^
uring Co. Management of new knitting mill purchased Fish estate for erection of new
factory.
Vacbridve. In February, Calumet Woollen Co. shut down owing to accident to water-
wheel. Mag. Albert B. Davis began manufacture of cotton and woollen yams and
shoddies. July. Calumet Woollen Co. laid foundation for large force pump. Sep-
tember. Mill property formerly owned, and operated by R. C. Taft of Rhode Island and
for many years owned and operated by C. C. Capron, purchased by C. W. Scott and J. R.
Scott; WhitinsviUe Savings Bank was grantor, having purchased property about a year
ago at foreclosure sale; new owners took possession at once.
Wakelleld. In April, Harvard Knitting Mill began work on addition, 8 stories,.
160x46 feet. July. L. B. Evans ft Son, shoes, began addition to factory, wood, 4
stories, 40x60 feet. — Smith ft Anthony Co. started up after usual summer shutdown.
Wales. In January, Gtolden Rod Woollen Mills installed new napper.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] INDUSTRIAL CHRONOLOGY— 1901. 25
W»lF«le. In January » Walpole Card Clothing Co. inttalled eleetrlo light plant; in
April, added new machinery.
WAliTHAH. In Febniary, stock* machinery, etc., of Whitney A Wood Co., alnminnm
ware, purchased by Plttsborg Reduction Co., Pittsburgh, Pa., who will move plant to that
dty. Boston Mantifacturlng Co., cotton goods, shut down a week for repairs. Alfred
Tomlin began erection of new factory for manufacture of knit goods. April. Fire de-
stroyed planing mill of Buttrick Lumber Co. Philadelphia Watch Case Co. purchased
plants of the United States Watch Co. and the Columbia Watch Co.; additional buildings
will be erected. May, Boston Manufacturing Co. shut down for indefinite period,
owing to dull market. July, Buttrick Lumber Co. began new sawmill to replace one
destroyed by Are.
Wmre. In February, Otis Co., ootton goods, shut down No. 8 mill for repairs on engine*
— »0. H. Gilbert Manufacturing Co., woollen goods, shut down for part of day to make
repairs on main gear; in March, installed 23 new worsted spinning frames and 12 new high
speed looms. July. C. A. Steyens A Co., woollen goods, installed electric dynamo for
lighting purposes.
Warren. In January, Potter ft Collamore erected addition to machine shop.— «»
Sayles A Jenks Manufacturing Co., woollen goods, closed owing to condition of market.
Thomdlke Co., cotton goods, installed napping machine; No. 8 mill shut down owing
to accident to water-wheel. February. Torkelson Manufacturing Co., arms and ammu.
nitlon, shut down for a day to make repairs on main shaft. Fire damaged No. 4 mill of
Thomdlke Co. ; In March, cross compound engine of OOO-horse-power installed at No. 1
mill. May. George F. Blake Manufacturing Co., machines and machinery, moved
plant to East Cambridge. July. Warren Steam Pump Co. increased capacity by renting
8-story wooden building owned by George C. Bridges.
Watertown. Player Manufacturing Co. incorporated under Maine laws, with capital
of $500,000, to manufacture and sell musical instruments. April. Walker A Pratt Man-
ufacturing Co. began work on foundation for an addition 100 x 110 feet, one story.
W»7l»iid. In May, ol Swing began manufacture of shoes in Cochituate. June,
Daniel Griffin began manufacturing shoes.
WelMier. In March, Henry Hale Stevens died, aged 83 years; he founded Stevens
Linen Works in 186S, which were incorporated in 1867 under laws of Massachusetts, and
retired in 1877. April. Chace Mills, woollen goods, Installed 32 new looms. S^tem.
her. H. N. Slater Manufacturing Co., cambric works, shut down 2 weeks, owing to large
amount of goods on hand.
Wesiteoroavh. In January, Lucius B. Bates, manufacturer of straw goods, died,
aged 73 years. April. George B. Brigham A Son, shoes, closed shop for a week, owing
to lack of orders and change to summer grade of goods.
West Bridvewaier. In March, Trolley Shoe Polish Co. began manufacturing.
West BroolElleld. In March, Olmstead Quaboag Corset Co. began work on new ex>
tension, 36 x 18 feet. April. Brigham condensed milk factory started up after shutdown
caused by strike of milk producers. June. Standard Fishing-rod Co. shut down for
about 4 weeks to make alterations.
Westlleld. In January, William Warren Thread Co. began erection of 8-story brick
addition to mill, 50 x 160 feet. Noble Bros. A Co. purchased what is known as Johnson
organ factory for tobacco warehouse. February. Henry A. Parsons, retired carriage
manufacturer, died, aged 68 years. March, H. B. Smith Co., machines, built addition
to storehouse, increased capacity of machine room, and installed new boiler. Cressy
Thread Co. leased factory formerly occupied by New England Whip Co. and installed
machinery for manufacture of thread. April. American Cigar Co. closed factory ; com-
pany was established in 1873. American Bicycle Co. awarded contract for addition to
Lozier plant; to be of brick, 210 x 50 feet, 4 stories, with sub-basement, and of heavy mill
construction, to cost about $35,000; completed in June. June, H. B. Smith Co. let con.
tract for addition to heating apparatus plant. July. Joseph W. Ellis, cigar manu-
facturer, died, aged 62 years. Fire damaged building occupied by Independent Whip
Digitized by VjOOQIC
26 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Co., Palmer & Upson, whip button8» and Vitrified Wheel Co. August. The Horsewhip
Co., a new corporation organized under Massachusetts laws, occupied building of Baj
State Whip Co. Fire damaged plant of Beckwith Bros. A Co.; firm resumed work In
few day 8. Packard Whip Mount Works built addition of one story. Jeremiah H.
Connors, cigar manufacturer, died, aged 45 years.
West Spriavfleld. In January, Mittineague Paper Co. began erection of addition
to plant, brick, 150 z 60 feet, for the manufacture of goods now imported, particularly pho*
tograph and artists' paper; in September, installed machinery in new mill.
West Sto«kbrids«. In February, West Stockbridge Lime Co. organized ; authorized
capital $15,000.
Wesiport. In July, Are, caused by lightning, destroyed storehouse of Westport Man-
ufacturing Co., cotton yam and thread.
Weymonib. In January, Aaron Prince Nash, retired shoe manufacturer, died, aged
^ years. Jum. M. C. Dizer & Co. absorbed Oordon-Kiley Shoe Co. Septemb€r,
Davis B. Clapp, shoe manufacturer, died, aged 24 years.
WblimaB. In January, Jenkins & Waterman began manufacturing box toes in
Jenkins factory. Work on foundation for Bliss factory begun. April, American
Linen Fibre Co., with capital of $2,000,000, bought plant of Dunbar, Hobart, A Whidden,
to manufacture absorbent linen, linen paper, and fireproof wood and electric insulation.
June, Jenkins & Waterman began work on addition to factory. Atwood Bros, began
«xcayatlon for addition to box factory, 2 stories, 45 x 100 feet.
Wllbrabam. In April, fire damaged storeroom of Collins Manufacturing Co., paper.
Wllll»m«bn>v. In April, fire destroyed sawmill of O. M. Bradford. May, Hay-
denviUe Co. equipped polishing machines with blowers.
Willlamatowii. In February, Boston Finishing Works cbmpleted new addition for
xlyehouse, and old dyehouse turned into calender room; in March, added new machinery
in bleaching department; inApril,Bhutdownonaccountof muddy water. May, Beltine
Manufacturing Co. formed to make belt dressing.
WOBUBBT. In February, P. Calnan A Co., shoe stock, discontinued; no successor.
April, F. E. Cottle purchased old Loring tannery, which was partially destroyed by
explosion few years ago, and remodeled it; erected 8 new buildings: 135 x 82 feet, 8
stories; 145 x 44 feet, 1 story; and 65 x 60 feet, 2 stories; work to start in July, employ.
Ing 125 to 150 men and tanning 400 hides daily.
WOBCESTEB. In January, stock and machinery of B. B. Edwards, spindles, sold
ior benefit of creditors. Bickford A Sweet, slippers, succeeded by E. A. Bickford A
Sweet. The Independent Pharmaceutical Co. leased part of A. H. Hammond factory
for manufacture of physicians' and surgeons' supplies; company purchased business of
Feake Manufacturing Co., of Boston, and combined it with the business at Worcester.
Bouthgate Woollen Co. built additional story to plant. Globe Corset Co. purchased the
building which they occupied; company was formed in 1883. John P. Marble, retired
woollen manufacturer, died, aged 99 years. Worcester Corset Co. incorporated ; author.
ized capital $400,000. Gleaner Brush Co. purchased factory of Louis Bourneuf & Co. in
Swampscott and moved business to Worcester. Samuel Ayres, wire goods manufact-
urer, died, aged 82 years; he began weaving wire in 1845, starting the business now carried
«n by the National Wire Goods Co.; he retired about 12 years ago.
February, Queensbury Mills Co., woollen goods, incorporated; authorized capital
-$100,000. Locomobile Company of America shipped machinery to factory at Bridge-
port, Ct. William H. Bums Co., clothing, increased capital stock from $150,000 to
^250,000. Natural Food Co., successors to Shredded Wheat Co., built new factory at
Niagara Falls, and advertising department removed from Worcester. Morgan Spring
-Co. bought all staple and tack machines used by Washburn & Moen department of Ameri-
«an Steel & Wire Co., and moved them to plant at Barber's crossing.
March. Walter B. Clark purchased machinery and stock of Parisian Wrapper Manu-
iacturing Co. Bent & Evans began manufacturing boots and shoes in part of Walker
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] INDUSTRIAL CHRONOLOGY — 1901.
27
Jk Brown's factory. Charles C. Hoaghton, shoe manafacturer, died; he began maiia-
lacturlng In 1858, and retired In 1898. Worcester Novelty Co. began manofacturlng wire
j^oods and novelties. United States Mobile ft Power Co. established In plant formerly
occupied by Warren Manufacturing Co.; building is of brick, 4 stories, and contains 8,000
square feet. ^Wachusett Mills Corporation increased capital stock from $ 15,000 to $50.000 ;
company purchased Sargent building, erected in 1866, and remodeled it for manufacturing
fancy cotton goods. Peter Wood Dyeing Co. built large addition to dyehouse. Stock
of Claflin Dental Co. sold to W. H. DeLon.
Jpril. Parisian Wrapper Manufacturing Co. incorporated with capital of $25,000.
United States Steel Co. started up plant at South Worcester. Litchfleld Cushion Heel
Co. incorporated; authorized capital $100,000. Star Hammock Co. began manufactur.
Ing. Worcester Manufacturing Co., Incorporated, bought patent rights of the Bumham *
•butter worker ; capital stock $150,000. Solomon Kunitz, formerly of the Parisian Wrap-
per Manufacturing Co., organized new company to manufacture similar line of goods.
June, Plant and business of Worcester Carpet Co. purchased by M. J. Whlttall.
Parker Wire Goods Co. incorporated under Massachusetts laws ; authorized capital $10,000 ;
<o manufacture wire goods specialties. Witherby, Bugg, A Bichardson, woodworking
machinery, succeeded by Witherby, Bugg, A Bichardson Company. Browning A Elliott
bought business of H. W. Beach and began manufacturing heels. Fire damaged build-
ing occupied by John J. GriflELn, manufacturer of mattresses. Thomas C. Orndorff sue-
•oeeded by Anson Mills Woven Belt Cartridge Co.
July, Fire destroyed ice houses of Walker Ice Co. Charles J. Goessman erected
factory for manufacture of patented waterproof paper. Fire damaged factory of Hatch
A Barnes, builders' finish. Lorlng Coes A Co. awarded contract for new wrench
factory, 100 x 180 feet, 8 stories, brick, to cost about $25,000.
August, Crompton A Knowles shut down loom works for annual 10 days' vacation.
Star Foundry shut down for 10 days. W. E. Oakley A SoUi brass founders, sold to Kin-
dred A Taylor.
September. Plant of Worcester Carpet Co. formally transferred to Mathew J. Whlttall,
who purchased property in June, and will continue to manufacture the same line of goods.
THE STATE. As in past years, the preceding Chronology has been prepared from
information supplied by manufacturers, and from* other sources. It includes the more
Important events affecting the conduct of industrial enterprises of the Commonwealth.
In the following summary will be found a statement of the principal industrial events,
Arranged by subjects and industries. The proper method of reading the table is as
follows : During the nine months ending September 80, 1901, there were 109 Instances of new
firms or industries established in the several cities or towns; of these, 87 were established
to manufacture boots and shoes; 3, carriages and wagons; 5, leather; 7, machines and ma-
•chlnery ; 9, metals and metallic goods, etc. There were 78 new buildings constructed during
the nine months; 4 for firms manufacturing artisans' tools; 10 for firms or corporations
making boots and shoes; 7, cotton goods; 10, machines and machinery, etc. Other lines
may be read in a similar manner.
Classxfioation ot Subjects akd
iKnUSTRISS.
Number
GLASSmCATION OV SUBJECTS AKD
Komber
New Eatabltobmento, ete.
Boots and shoes,
Brick, tiles, and sewer pipe, .
Brooms, brushes, and mops, .
Burial cases, caskets, coffins, etc., .
Carpetings,
Carriages and wagons.
Cement, kaolin, lime, and plaster, .
Clothing
Cordage and twine, . . . .
Cotton goods,
Electrical apparatus and appli-
ances,
109
37
1
1
1
2
3
1
2
2
2
2
New 13st«bll«bmeiito, etc.- Con.
Flax, hemp, and jute goods, .
Food preparations, . . . .
Furniture,
Hosiery and knit goods, .
Ivory, bone, shell, and horn goods,
etc.,
Jewelry,
Leather
Lumber,
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods,
Models, lasts, and patterns, .
9
1
Digitized by CjOOQIC
28 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
CLAStmOATIOir OF Sn&IBOTS AHD
IHDU8TBU8.
-Con,
New BstaMlalimeBto, ete.
Paper,
PolisheB and dressing, .
Print works, dye works, and
bleacherles,
^ Railroad construction and equip-
ment,
Bubber and elastic goods,
Scientiflc instruments and appli.
Stone (quarried), . . . .
Tallow, candles, soap, and grease,
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars.
Toys and games (children's), .
Woollen goods,
Bvildinvs «oiuitraeie4 «vr-
ing the Year.
Artisans' tools,
Bicycles, tricycles, etc., .
Boots and shoes,
Boxes, barrels, kegs, etc., .
Carriages and wagons, .
Cooking, lighting, and heating
apparatus, ....
Cotton goods, ....
Blectrical apparatus and appli-
ances
Flax, hemp, and jute goods, .
Food preparations, .
Hose : rubber, linen, etc., .
Hosiery and knit goods, .
Ivory, bone, shell, and horn goods,
etc
Leather
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods.
Models, lasts, and patterns, .
Paper,
Print works, dye works, and
bleacherles
Bailroad construction and equip-
ment,
Bubber and elastic goods,
Silk and silk goods, . . . .
Woollen goQd 8
Worsted goods,
Namb«r
Mmclalaersr »d«efl| io PlMito.
Boots and shoes, . . . ,
Boxes, barrels, kegs, etc..
Cotton goods, . . . . ,
1
2
1
1
1
8
1
8
78
4
1
10
8
1
1
7
1
2
1
1
4
2
4
10
6
1
6
1
1
1
8
8
112
16
1
62
Classivicatioh or Subjbots axd
IVDUSTHUS.
MmcliiBerjr »d«efll io Planto
— Con.
Blectrical apparatus and appli-
ances,
Jewelry,
Leather goods,
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods.
Models, lasts, and patterns, .
Paper,
Print works, dye works, and
bleacherles,
Bubber and elastic goods.
Wooden goods,
Woollen goods,
Worsted goods
OUier A««ltloBa io Plania.
Artisans' tools,
Boots and shoes, . . . .
Brick, tiles, and sewer pipe, .
Burial cases, caskets, coffins, etc., .
Carpetings,
Carriages and wagons, .
Clothing
Cordage and twine
Cotton goods,
Hosiery and knit goods, .
Leather,
Lumber,
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods.
Models, lasts, and patterns, .
Musical instruments and materials,
Paper,
Print works, dye works, and
bleacherles,
Shipbuilding,
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars,
Woollen goods
Worsted goods
AddlUon of New C1m« of
Prodnet.
Boots and shoes,
Brick, tiles, and sewer pipe,
Carriages and wagons, .
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods.
Models, lasts, and patterns,
Print works, dye works, and
bleacherles,
1
1
I
e
1
&
4
1
1
1
IS
e
68
12
1
1
1
1
1
1
a
1
T
4
2
1
4
1
1
7
2
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] INDUSTRIAL CHRONOLOGY — 1901.
29
CLAflSmOATION or SUBJ1CT8 AHD
INDU8TBIX8.
Kiimb«r
CLAaimoATioH or Subjbots amd
IlTDUSTBIM.
Number
Be1ball«lMV or BantMl F»«-
iorles, •*••
Cotton goods,
Lumber,.
Print works, dye works, and
bleacheries,
Bubber and elastic goods,
Woollen goods,
B«moT»ls io New or I<»rvor
<|a»rAors.
Arms and ammunition, .
Artisans' tools, .
Boots and shoes,
Gas
Metals and metallic goods.
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars,
Besmnption ofBaslBOss after
Protr»«ie4 Shaidowaa.
Boots and shoes.
Carriages and wagons.
Cotton goods,
Metals and metallic goods.
Woollen goods, .
Worsted goods, .
Ia«ro«ao4 Capaeltj of
Planto.
Bicycles, tricycles, etc.,
Boots and shoes.
Clothing,
Cotton goods.
Jewelry,
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods,
Models, lasts, and patterns,
Bubber and elastic goods,
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars.
Whips, lashes, and stocks.
Woollen goods, .
Cltaiiffos fk^aa PrlTato Flraas
io Corporations.
Artisans' tools,
Boots and shoes, . ' .
Carriages and wagons, .
Clothing, ......
Machines and machinery,
Musical instruments and materials.
Paper
Woollen goods,
21
1
1
16
1
1
1
8
1
1
3
1
1
1
88
1
20
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
16
1
6
1
2
2
1
1
2
CThaaves la Firaui, Flna
Names, oto.
Arms and ammunition, .
Boots and shoes.
Clothing,
Leather,
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods,
Models, lasts, and patterns, .
Paper,
Stone (quarried).
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars,
€?haairos la Cltaraotor of
Maclilaory.
Cotton goods
€oasoll«atloas or Flraas aa«
CorporaUoas.
Boots and shoes,
Carpetings,
BemoTals of Flraas aa« Ii
dastrlos io Massaehnseil
flroaa Oilier Wiaies.
Boots and shoes,
Flax, hemp, and j ute goods, .
BeaaoTals of Flraas aa« Ia<
Castries ftroaa BIassa«lin<
setis io Oilier Siaies.
Artisans' tools, ....
Boots and shoes.
Carriages and wagons.
Clocks and watches, .
Cotton goods, ....
Metals and metallic goods,
Musical instruments and materials,
Paper,
BemoTals fk^ai oae Towa io
aaoilier la Massaeliasetis.
Boots and shoes.
Brooms, brushes, and mops, .
Ivory, bone, shell, and horn goods,
etc., . . . ...
Leather,
Machines and machinery.
Musical instruments and materials,
lairodaeiloa
lilVliilav
Faeiorles.
Cotton goods.
Leather, . . . .
Machines and machinery,
Paper,
Woollen goods, .
or Eleetrle
Power laio
89
1
27
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
7
7
4
8
1
9
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
11
6
1
1
1
2
1
Digitized by VjOOQIC
30
STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
CLA88IFI0ATIOV OF SUBJSOTS AND
INDT78TBIS8.
Komber
CLASSmOATIOK OW SUBJBOTS AHD
IMDUSTBIXS.
Kumber
Snspeiuiioiis fbr V»«»UoBa,
Arms and ammanition, .
Artisans' tools, .
Boots and shoes,
Cooking, lighting, and heating ap
paratUB, ....
Cotton goods,
Furniture
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods.
Silk and silk goods, .
Toys and games (children's).
Woollen goods, .
Saspensions fbr Sto«lE T»lc<
in*.
Boots and shoes.
Cooking, lighting, and heating ap-
paratus
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods,
Bubber and elastic goods.
Silk and silk goods, .
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars,
SvspensloBa oit »««oaBt of
I<ow flTator.
Boxes, barrels, kegs, etc..
Cotton goods,
Metals and metallic goods.
Suspensions on aeeonnt of
HIVli UTator.
Soots and shoes
Building materials
Clothing
Cotton goods,
Leather,
Machines and machinery.
Paper
Print works, dye works, and
bleacheries
Woollen goods, . .
Worsted goods,
Suspensions on aeeount of
Repairs and ImproTonaents.
Arms and ammunition, .
Boots and shoes, ...
Boxes, barrels, kegs, etc.,
Cooking, lighting, and heating ap-
paratus
Cotton goods, .....
Hosiery and knit goods, .
Jewelry,
48
1
1
1
3
20
1
4
1
1
1
9
19
12
2
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
2
1
40
2
1
2
20
1
2
5
3
8
1
40
1
2
2
1
8
1
1
Suspensions on aeeount of
Repairs and ImproTonaento
— Con.
Leather
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods,
Musical Instruments and materials,
Paper
Silk and silk goods
Sporting and athletic goods, .
Wooden goods,
Woollen goods
Worsted goods
Suspensions on aeeount of
Siiortave of Materials.
Artisans' tools,
Cotton goods,
Metals and metallic goods,
Wooden goods,
Suspensions fbr Curtailment
of Produetlon.
Carpetings
Cotton goods
Hosiery and knit goods, .
Print works, dye works,
bleacheries.
and
Suspensions on aeeount of
AecMents.
Arms and ammunition, .
Boots and shoes, . . . .
Boxes, barrels, kegs, etc..
Buttons and dress trimmings,
Carriages and wagons.
Clothing
Cotton goods,
Emery and sand paper and cloth.
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods.
Paper
Print works, dye works, and
bleacheries,
Bubber and elastic goods.
Woollen goods, ^ , . \ .
Suspensions on aeeount of
Dull Trade.
Boots and shoes
Clothing
Cooking, lighting, and heating ap-
paratus,
Cotton goods,
2
I
2
1
6
1
1
1
S
1
4
1
1
1
1
104
1
101
1
57
2
m
2;
1
1
1
2L
1
2^
2
1
1
1
11
13
2
1
2
1
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] INDUSTRIAL CHRONOLOGY — 1901.
31
CLASSmOATIOir OF SUBAOTI AVD
IlTDUSTSIBS.
Number
GLASSmCATIOIf or BDBJSCTS AlID
IXDUSTUU.
Number
Svsp«iuilOBS OB a«e««iBt of
]>all Tr«4e— Oon.
Paper,
Woollen goods, . . . .
Worsted goods,
■vspeaalOBS (TemiH»r»ry »•
io Dnratton).
Arms and ammunition, .
Bicycles, tricycles, etc., .
Boots and shoes, . . . '.
Boxes, barrels, kegs, etc..
Clothing
Cooking, lighting, and heating ap.
paratns,
Cotton goods,
Bmery and sand paper and cloth,
etc.,
Food preparations, . . . .
Ivory, bone, shell, and bom goods,
etc.,
Jewelry
Lumber,
Metals and metallic goods,
Models, lasts, and patterns, .
Paper,
Print works, dye works, and
bleacheries,
Wooden goods
Woollen goods,
Worsted goods,
Sasp«iuiioiis (Ia«ellBlt« as io
Dnratton).
Artisans' tools, ....
Bicycles, tricycles, etc., .
Brick, tiles, and sewer pipe, .
Clothing,
Cotton goods, ....
Hosiery and knit goods, .
Leather,
Lumber,
Machines and machinery.
Paper
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars.
Woollen goods, ....
Worsted goods, ....
Snsp«nsions («anse no*
fflTOB).
Buttons and dress trimmings, .
Clothing, . . . .
Metals and metallic goods,
1
6
1
64
1
1
15
1
2
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
8
1
5
2
1
7
6
17
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
3
1
2
1
S
1
1
1
Suspensions on aoeonnt of
BoUromont fk^m Bnslnoss
(Ho Sn«oossor).
Boots and shoes
Leather,
Biachines and machinery.
Models, lasts, and patterns, .
Musical instruments and materials,
Tobacco, snuir, and cigars,
■ales of Plants in Whole or
in Part.
Boots and shoes, . . . .
Brick, tiles, and sewer pipe, .
Carpetings
Carriages and wagons, .
Cement, kaolin, lime, and plaster, .
Clocks and watches, . . . .
Cordage and twine, . . . .
Cotton goods,
Food preparations, . . . .
Furniture,
Leather,
Lumber
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods.
Models, lasts, and patterns, .
Musical instruments and materials,
Oils and iUuminating fluids, .
Printing, publishing, and book-
binding,
Print works, dye works, and
bleacheries,
Rubber and elastic goods,
Sdentiflc instruments and appli-
ances
Straw and palm leaf goods, .
Woollen goods,
Worsted goods
Sales or Plants to In«nstrial
Comlbinattons.
Clocks and watches
Cotton goods,
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods,
Fires dnrlnv tlie Year.
Boots and shoes, ...
Boxes, barrels, kegs, etc..
Brooms, brushes, and mops, .
Building materials, .
Carriages and wagons, .
12
06
18
2
2
2
2
108
20
8
1
8
8
Digitized by VjOOQIC
32 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
CLAMmOATIOir OF 8UBJX0T8 AWD
IKDUSTRUS.
Nnmber
OLABSmOATIOir OF SCBJIOTI AMD
IMDU0TRU8.
Nomber
Fires darlny Uie Year •Con.
Clothing,
Cordage and twine, . . . .
Cotton goods,
Crayons, pencils, cmoibles, etc., .
Flax, hemp, and jute goods, .
Food preparations, . . . .
Furnitore,
Glass
Ink, mucilage, and paste.
Jewelry,
Leather,
Lumber,
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods.
Models, lasts, and patterns, .
Musical instruments and materials.
Paper,
Print works, dye works, and
bleacheries,
Rubber and elastic goods.
Toys and games (children's), .
Whips, lashes, and stocks,
1
1
1ft
1
1
4
8
i
1
1
2
6
9
7
1
2
4
2
2
1
1
Fires darlnv tli« Te»r— Con.
Wooden goods,
Woollen goods,
I^atlis of MAnvfketitrers.
Boots and shoes, . . . .
Carriages and wagons,
Cotton goods,
Flax, hemp, and Jute goods, .
Ivory, bone, shell, and horn goods,
etc.,
Jewelry,
Leather,
Liquors (malt),
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods.
Musical instruments and materials.
Paper,
Print works, dye works, and
bleacheries,
Straw and palm leaf goods.
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars.
Woollen goods,
63
17
S
6
1
1
2
2
1
2
4
1
8
1
2
4
4
Corporations and Capital Stock.
In the following table, the number of new corporations formed during the first nine
months of the year 1901 is shown, together with the amount of capital authorized by their
•charters; also, increases and decreases in capital stock, classified by industries. These
figures include the private firms which, in 1901, changed from the individual form to the
corporate form of management.
Subjects axd Ikdustbixs.
Komber
Amoonts
Hew CorporsftUoas.
Artisans' tools,
Boots and shoes,
Carriages and wagons, ....
Chemical preparations (compounded),
Clothing
Cotton goods,
Electrical apparatus and appliances, .
Food preparations,
Furniture,
Hosiery and knit goods, ....
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods.
Musical instruments and materials.
Paper
Print works, dye works, and bleacheries,
Stone
44
$8,018,600
1
7S,000
12
1,080,000
200,000
1,000
426,000
616,000
20,000
40,100
60,000
20,000
8,665,000
20,000
660,000
600,000
125,000
200,000
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] INDUSTRIAL CHRONOLOGY — 1901.
Corporations and Capital Slock — Concluded.
33
Subjects and Industbibs.
New Corporations — Con.
Whips, lashee, and stocks, ....
Woollen goods,
Inereases In Capital Stoek.
Clothing,
Cotton goods,
Electrical apparatus and appliances, .
Glass .• . . .
Metals and metallic goods, ....
Print works, dye works, and bleacheries, .
Rubber and elastic goods
Shipbuilding
I>e«reases In Capital Stock,
Boots and shoes,
Print works, dye works, and bleacheries, .
$30,000
852,600
$1,697,000
100,000
610,000
250,000
10,000
2,000
75,000
250,000
400,000
$104,500
54,500
50,000
RECAPITULATION. 1900. 1901.
In the following table, we bring forward the subjects shown in the two preceding
presentations in comparison with similar data contained in the Chronology for 1900 :
Classification or Subjects.
NUMBBB or ESTABUSH-
MBNTS, BTO.
New establishments, etc
Buildings constructed during the year ' .
Machinery added to plants,
Other additions to plants
Addition of new class of product to manufacture, ....
Bebuilding of burned factories, etc.,
Removals to new or larger quarters,
Resumption of business after protracted shutdowns.
Increased capacity of plants
Changes from private Arms to corporations,
Changes in Arms, Arm names, etc
Changes in character of product,
Changes in character of machinery
Consolidations of Arms and corporations,
Removals of Arms and industries to Massachusetts from other
States
Removals of Arms and industries from Massachusetts to other
States
Removals from one town to another in Massachusetts, .
Introduction of electric lighting and power into factories, etc., .
Suspensions for vacations,
Suspensions for stock taking,
Suspensions on account of low water, .......
15
' 9
19
11
9
9
81
43
50
19
15
4
Digitized by VjOOQIC
84 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Recapitulation. 1900, 1901 — Concluded.
GLASSmOATION OF SUBJECTS.
NUKBSB OF ESTABLIflH-
MSNT8, XTO.
1900
(12 months)
1901
(9 montbs)
66
40
80
40
5
4
70
104
78
67
27
18
111
64
17
17
69
8
62
12
72
66
66
8
6
-
186
108
120
63
48
44
$10,636,600
$8,018,600
12
11
$1,938,000
$1,697,000
2
8
$760,000
$104,600
$1,188,000
$1,692,600
Suspensions on account of high water,
Suspensions on account of repairs and improvements, .
Suspensions on account of shortage of materials, . . . .
Suspensions for curtailment of production,
Suspensions on account of accidents to machinery, etc..
Suspensions on account of dull trade
Suspensions (temporary as to duration), ....*..
Suspensions (indefinite as to duration)
Suspensions (cause not given)
Suspensions on account of retirement from business (no suc-
cessor).
Sales of plants in whole or in part
Sales of plants to industrial combinations.
Plants damaged by explosions,
Fires during the year
Deaths of manufacturers
New corporations,
Amount of authorized capital,
Increases in capital stock
Amount of increase,
Decreases in capital Btocic,
Amount of decrease,
Net increase of capital stock,
STOCK PRICE QUOTATIONS.
In the following table are shown the highest and lowest price quotations for the 12
calendar months of 1900 and the first nine months of 1901, together with the amount of
capital stock outstanding on January 1, 1901, and the par value of stock. The majority of
the figures were compiled by Frank A. Buggies of Boston.
Names or Companibs.
American Linen Co., .
Am. Sugar Refinery Co.,
Am. Sugar Refinery Co. (pref.),
American Woollen Co.,
American Woollen Co. (pref.),
Appleton Co., .
Arkwright Mills, .
Arlington Mills, .
Atlantic Mills,
Barnaby Manufacturing Co..
Barnard Manufacturing Co.,
Bigelow Carpet Co.,
Boott Cotton Mills,
Capital
Stock,
Jan. 1, 1901
$800,000
86,968,000
36,968,000
25,000,000
16,000,000
450,000
450,000
2,600,000
1,000,000
400,000
495,000
4,020,000
1,200,000
♦ Only sale.
Par
Value
of
Stock
$100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
1,000
Stock Prick Quotations
(12 months)
Highest Lowest
105
148%
118
25%
82V4
107%
90
105%
67%
85
108
96
817%
85
96
107
11%
67
104%
86
100
63%
82%
95
80%
760
1901
(9 months)
Highest Lowest
*97
162%
130
21%
82%
124
87%
100%
62%
96
105%
98
862%
117
114
14%
70%
117
87%
100
60%
76
97
83%
800
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] INDUSTRIAL CHRONOLOGY — 1901.
35
Stock Price Quotations — Continued.
KAMBS of COMPAHIKfl.
Border City Manufacturing Co.,
Boston Belting Co.,
Boston Duck Co., . . . .• .
Boston Manufacturing Co.,
Chace Mills,
Chicopee Manufacturing Co., .
Cornell Mills
Davol Mills
Dwlght Manufacturing Co.,
Ererett Mills,
Hint Mills
General Electric Co., . . . .
Granite Mills
Grinnell MTg Corporation,
Hamilton Manufacturing Co., .
Hamilton "Woollen Co.,
Hargraves Mills,
King Pliilip MiUs
•Lancaster Mills
Laurel Lake Mills
Lawrence Manufacturing Co., .
Lowell Bleachery, . . . .
Lowell Hosiery Co., . . . .
Lowell Machine Shops,
Lyman Mills,
Massachusetts Cotton Mills,
Mechanics Mills,
Merchants Manufacturing Co., .
MciTimac Manufacturing Co.i .
Middlesex Co.,
Narragansett Mills, . . . .
National Lead Co., . . . .
National Lead Co. (pref.), .
Naumkeag Steam Cotton Co., .
N. E. Cotton Yam Co. (pref.), .
Otis Co.,
Pacific BDlls,
Osborn Mills,
Parker Mills,
Pocassct Manufacturing Co.,
Bichard Borden Manufacturing Co.,
Saco & Pettee Machine Co.,
Sagamore Manufacturing Co., .
Seaconnet Mills,
Shove MUls
Stafford Mills
Tecumseh Mills,
ThorndikeCo
Tremont & Suffolk Mills, .
Capital
Stock,
Jan. 1, 1901
$1,000,000
1,000.000
850,000
800.000
760,000
1,000,000
400,000
400,000
1,200,000
800,000
580,000
24,090,900
1,000,000
1,000,000
1,800,000
1,000,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
300,000
750,000
400,000
200,000
900,000
1,470,000
1,800,000
750,000
800.000
2,750,000
750,000
400,000
14,905,400
14,904,000
1,500,000
5,000,000
800,000
3,000,000
750,000
800,000
600,000
800,000
800,000
900,000
600,000
550,000
1,000,000
500,000
450,000
2,000,000
Par
Value
of
Stock
$100
100
700
1,000
100
100
100
100
500
100
100
100
100
100
1,000
100
100
100
400
100
100
100
100
500
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
1,000
1,000
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
1,000
100
Stock Pricb Quotatiohs
(12 months)
Highest I Lowest
155
211%
376
98
95
130
110
1,020
97%
109
198y4
125
212
900
51
110
105
450
135
i5oy,
75
88Mi
797%
74
104%
98%
110
tl,165
118%
108
t28%
tl06%
67%
103%
♦1,852%
2,520
112%
108
120
133
•95
113
105
105
112%
117%
157%
100
350
88%
87
127%
100
980
95
100
121
110
180
835
48
99%
92
344
122%
125
69
84
777%
66%
98
78
92%
tl08
109
100
tl5%
t83
60%
96
1,950
97%
100
110
112%
100
90
65
100
108%
138%
1901
(9 months)
Highest Lowest
118
215%
♦1,035
840
93
90
127%
102%
1,087%
96
105
269%
127%
182%
865
52
106
♦115
852%
127%
150%
00
♦88
810
70%
101%
90
110
111%
105
104
t25%
t94%
68%
99
♦1,862%
2,015
98
106
♦112
135
106%
109
96
♦70
106
103
♦1,062%
143%
109%
210%
90
76
122%
100
1.001%
94%
102
183%
115
132%
750
60%
101
800
126
110%
60
792%
67%
96
82
100
95%
100
108
tl6
t88
60
90
1,950
90
103
120
100%
99
85%
94
100
120
♦ Only sale. f New York prices. J Par value of stock reduced from $1,000.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
36
STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Stock Price QuotcUiom
r — Concluded
\
Capital
Stock.
Jan. 1, 1901
Par
Value
of
Stock
Stock Priob Quotations
NAMKS of C0MPAKIS8.
^ lOOO 1
(12 months) {
1»01
• (9 months)
Highest
Lowest
Highest
Lowest
Troy Cotton & Woollen Manufactory,
$300,000
$500
1,300
1,250
•127%
_
Union Bag & Paper Co..
16,000,000
100
t26
flO
tl9%
tl2
Union Bag & Paper Co. (pref.),
11,000,000
100
t77y4
t56y4
t75
t66
Union Cotton Manufacturing Co., .
1,200,000
100
216
128
134
130
United Shoe Machinery Co.,
8,930,800
25
83^
28
46%
80%
United Shoe Machinery Co. (pref.), .
9,240,876
26
26
22%
80
22
United States Leather Co., .
62,869,800
100
18%
8
16^^
7%
United States Leather Co. (pref.), .
62,869,800
100
78
66%
83%
69%
United States Rubber Co., .
23,666,000
100
43
21
34
13%
United States Rubber Co. (pref.), .
23,525,600
100
105%
75
84
60
United States Steel Co.,
607,675,300
100
-
-
65
24
United States Steel Co. (pref.), .
609,498,500
100
-
-
101%
69
Wamsutta Mills,
8,000,000
100
my*
104
109%
108%
Wampanoag Mills, ....
760,000
lOU
106V4
92%
90
90
Weetamoe Mills,
650,000
100
67
57%
63%
65
Whitman Mills
660,000
100
115
105
120%
120
♦ Only sale.
t New York prices.
INDUSTRIAL DIVIDENDS.
In the following table, we reproduce, as a matter of record, the dividends paid In cer-
tain manufacturing corporations doing business In this Commonwealth, as compiled by
Frank A. Ruggles of Boston. The figures for 1900 represent a full year, those for 1901,
nine months.
Namks of Companies.
BaTB of DrVIDBNDS
1000
(12 months)
1001
(9 months)
7
4
6
6
4
2
1%
6
6
8
8
10
10
-
6
3
12
12
6
6
6
3
4
4%
8
8
*3
4
10
5
4
4
AppletonCo.,
ArUngton Mills, .
Atlantic Mills, .
Blgelow Carpet Co., .
Boott Cotton Mills, .
Boston Belting Co., .
Boston Duck Co.,
Boston Manufacturing Co.,
Chlcopee Manufacturing Co.,
Dwlght Manufacturing Co.,
Everett Mills,
Hamilton Manufacturing Co.,
Hamilton Woollen Co.,
Lancaster Mills, .
Lawrence Manufacturing Co.,
Lowell Bleachery,
Lowell Machine Shops,
Lyman Mills,
♦ Also, $66.67 extra dividend, occasioned by Increase In capital stock.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] INDUSTRIAL CHRONOLOGY — 1901.
37
Industrial Dividends — Concluded.
Names of Compasiks.
Ratb of Diyidbkds
1000
(12 months)
1001
(9 months)
6
6
♦6
8
6
3
4
2
10
10
tso
5
8
8
8
4
6
4ya
MassachusettB Cotton Mills,
Merrimac Manufacturing Co.
Middlesex Co
Naumkeag Steam Cotton Co.,
Otis Mills, ....
Pacific Mills,
Thomdike Co., .
Tremont & Suffolk Mills, .
Wamsutta Mills, .
♦ Increased capital stock from $2,500,000 to $2,760,000 in July, and reduced par value of
stock from $1,000 to $100—10 shares for one.
t Increased capital stock from $2,600,000 to $3,000,000 in March, and at same time paid
extra cash dividend of 20 per cent which just covered the increase.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
Digitized by VjOOQIC
Part II.
STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES.
1900, 1901.
[S9]
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
Digitized by VjOOQIC
Part H.
STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. 1900, 1901.
Introduction.
This Part contains the sixteenth report of the Annual Statis-
tics of Manufactures, issued in accordance with the provisions
of Chapter 107 of the Revised Laws of Massachusetts.
The statistical presentations have been prepared from the
returns made by 4,696 identical establishments covering each
of the years 1900 and 1901, and are arranged under five sec-
tion heads, as follows :
I. Establishments and their Management. Under this head
are exhibited the data relating to the management of 4,696
establishments, showing the niunber of establishments con-
trolled by private firms, corporations, and industrial combina-
tions, together with the number of partners and stockholders
interested therein separated as to males, females, estates,
banks, trustees, etc.
n. Investment^ Materials Used^ and Product. This section
covers the amount of capital devoted to production, the cost
value of stock and materials used, and the selling value of the
goods made and work done.
rn. Labor and its Compensation. Under this section head
are presented the average number of males and females em-
ployed ; the smallest, greatest, and average number of persons
employed of both sexes ; the range of employment and unem-
ployment, as shown by the excess of greatest nmnber over
smallest number of persons employed ; the nmnber of persons
employed, both sexes, by months, with percentages of employ-
ment and unemployment for the nine leading industries ; the
total amount paid in wages during each of the years 1900 and
1901 together with the average yearly earnings per individual,
without distinction as to sex or age ; and the classified weekly
[«]
Digitized by VjOOQIC
42 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
wages paid to adult males and females and to young persons
under 21 years of age, for the nine leading industries.
IV. Working Time and Pr(yportion of Business Done. Un-
der this head are shown the average number of days in opera-
tion based upon the average number of persons employed, and
the proportion of the business done each year in each estab-
lishment; on an average, based upon a maximum production
of 100 per cent.
V. General Summary of Industrial Conditions. This sec-
tion is devoted to a general r6sum6 of the conditions of the
industries of the Commonwealth as indicated by the returns
made from 4,696 identical establishments in 1900 and 1901.
Each of the above sections is followed by a complete analysis
of the tabular presentations which should be carefully read in
order to understand the character and value of the returns.
The term ** All Industries," used in these reports for aggre-
gates, refers only to the numerical totals of the various columns
and not to the total investment, production, persons employed,
wages paid, etc. of all establishments engaged in the manu-
facturing and mechanical industries of the State. Such totals
are presented only in the Decennial Census reports once in ten
years. Wherever, therefore. All Industries are mentioned in
this Part, it is understood that the 80 classified industries shown
in the table on pages 44 and 45 are referred to ; and wherever
numerical aggregates are presented for All Industries or for
any single industry, whether for capital devoted to production,
stock used, goods made, persons employed, wages paid, etc.,
only such aggregates are intended as are derived from the
4,696 establishments each of which made returns for the years
1900 and 1901, and for which it is, therefore, possible to make
comparisons, unless some other meaning is distinctly stated
in the text.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No, 36.] ESTABLISHMENTS AND MANAGEMENT. 43
Establishments and Their Management.
The word ** Establishment," as used in this Report, should
be understood as meaning the factory, mill, or shop from which
a report has been secured, and not the firm or corporation con-
trolling said factory, mill, or shop.
Below we present the number of establishments compared in
each year since the first publication of these annual reports.
Estsbllflh-
ments
Tbam.
Establish-
ments
YXABS.
Establish-
ments
1886,1887, . .
1888, .. .
1889, .
1890, . . .
1891, . . .
1,027
1,140
1,864
8,041
8,746
1892, . . .
1898, .. .
1894, .. .
1896, . . .
1896, . . .
4,478
4,897
4,098
8,629
4,609
1897, . . .
1898, .. .
1899, .
1900, . . .
1901, . . .
4,695
4,701
4,740
4,646
4,696
The presentations covering the data relating to the establish-
ments and their management are arranged as follows :
1. The total number of establishments considered; the
number of establishments controlled by private firms, corpo-
rations, and industrial combinations, respectively; and the
number of such private firms, corporations, and industrial
combinations for each of the years 1900 and 1901.
2. The number of male and female partners, the number of
special partners, and the number of estates engaged in carry-
ing on the private firms.
3. The number of males and females, and the number of
banks, trustees, etc., interested in the management of the cor-
porations as stockholders.
Attention is called to the head-notes on pages 44 and 46, in
which it is stated that certain unavoidable duplications occur
in the columns devoted to private firms, corporations, and in-
dustrial combinations ; and to the head-notes on pages 52 and
54, in which the omission of stockholders for industrial com-
binations is explained.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
46 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
PEIVATE PIEMS, COEPOEATION^S, ETC.:
BY INDUSTEIES.
1901.
[This presentation shows the aggregate number of establishments considered, the nam-
ber of these establishments which are conducted by private firms; by corporations; and
by Industrial combinations, together with the actual number of such firms, corporations,
and combinations. There are certain duplications in management, caused by the fact that
the same firm, corporation, or combination is often engaged in manufacturing in more
than one Industry. The Industries In which they occur have been indicated by an asterisk
(*), and the plan adopted In such cases has been to consider each establishment, whether
managed in connection with another or not, as a unit, and to credit the entire number of
firms, etc., to each Industry. The last three columns of the table show the actual number
of firms, corporations, and combinations, all duplications having been eliminated except
as they occur between the Industries, and In making up the total for All Industries these
duplications, too, have been omitted; so that the final line In the table shows the exact
number of different private firms, corporations, and Industrial combinations conducting
the specified number of establishments.]
IVDUSTBIBS.
Nnmber
of Es-
tablish-
ments
Con-
sidered
Agricultural Implements, .
Arms and ammimltion, .
Artisans' tools
Awnings, sails, tents, etc.,
Bicycles, tricycles, etc., .
Boots and shoes,*
Boots and shoes (factory prod-
uct),*
Soles, heels, and cut stock,* .
Boot and shoe findings, .
Stitching, heeling, etc., .
Boxes, barrels, kegs, etc.,*
Boxes (paper),* ....
Brick, tiles, and sewer pipe,* .
Brooms, brushes, and mops, .
Building materials, .
Burial cases, caskets, coffins, etc.,
Buttons and dress trimmings, .
Carpetlngs,*
Carriages and wagons,* .
Cement, kaolin, lime, and plaster.
Chemical preparations (compound-
ed),
Clocks and watches, .
Clothing,*
Cooking, lighting, and heating ap-
paratus,*
Cordage and twine, .
Cotton goods,* ....
Cotton goods (woven),* .
Cotton yam and thread,*
Cotton waste,* ....
Crayons, pencils, crucibles, etc.,
Drugs and medicines,
Dyestufls,
Earthen, plaster, and stone ware,
Electrical apparatus and appliances,
Electroplating,* ....
Emery and sand paper and cloth, etc
Fancy articles, etc.,
Fertilizers, .
431
210
29
22
121
67
46
5
16
9
121
10
13
10
162
43
24
157
114
34
9
4
25
6
12
24
9
7
13
7
ESTABUSHXBHTS COM-
DDCTXn BY —
KCHBBBOF—
In-
Private
CoriH)-
dustrial
Firms
Corpo-
Com-
Firms
rations
Com-
rations
binations
binations
4
6
_.
4
5
_
7
5
.
7
6
.
64
22
-
54
22
«
86
1
-
36
1
-
4
5
_
4
5
^
599
93
-
699
91
-
356
76
„
865
74
.
197
13
-
197
13
.
26
4
-
26
4
.
22
-
.
22
-
-
99
22
_
96
21
_
56
11
-
65
11
—
43
12
10
43
11
1
18
5
<-
18
5
-
31
16
-
81
16
_
8
2
-
8
2
_
7
9
-
7
9
-
8
6
.
2
6
_
108
18
.
108
18
_
6
4
-
6
4
-
6
7
_.
6
7
_
7
8
-
7
8
-
116
86
-
116
85
-
28
20
_
23
20
_
16
9
.
16
9
_
24
125
8
24
121
1
10
104
.
10
100
9
17
8
9
17
1
6
4
.
6
4
2
2
-
2
2
-
12
18
_
12
13
.
3
8
-
8
3
-
10
2
_
10
2
_
6
18
_
6
18
.
9
-
-
9
-
1
6
-
1
6
-
9
4
_
9
4
.
3
4
-
8
4
-
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] ESTABLISHMENTS AND MANAGEMENT. 47
PRIVATE FIRMS, ETC.: BY INDUSTRIES — 1901 — Concluded.
iKDUSTBIXfl.
Number
of Es-
tablish-
ments
Con-
sidered
EaTASUBBMMVrB Cov-
DUCTSD »T —
Prirate
Firms
Corpo-
rations
In-
dustrial
Com-
binations
NuMBBB or—
Firms
Corpo-
rations
Com-
binations
Fine arts and taxidermy, .
Fireworks and matches, .
Flax, hemp, and jute goods,
Food preparations,* .
Fnmlhire,* ....
Glass,
Glue, Isinglass, and starch,
Hair work ranlmal and human), .
Hose and heltlng : rubber, linen, etc..
Hosiery and knit goods, .
Ink, mucilage, and paste, .
Ivory, bone, shell, and horn goods,
etc.,
Jewelry,
Leather,*
Leather goods,*
Liquors (bottled) and carbonated
beverages,
Liquors (malt),*
Liquors (disUlled)
Lumber,*
Machines and machinery,*
Metals and metallic goods,*
Models, lasts, and patterns,* .
Musical Instruments and materials.
Oils and illuminating fluids,* .
Paints, colors, and crude chemicals,*
Paper,*
Paper goods,*
Perfumes, toilet articles, etc., .
Photographs and photographic ma-
terials,
Polishes and dressing,*
Printing, publishing, and bookbind-
ing,
Print works, dye works, and bleach-
erles,*
Railroad construction and equip-
ment,*
Rubber and elastic goods,*
Saddlery and harness.
Scientific Instruments and appli-
ances,
Shipbuilding,
Silk and silk goods, ....
Sporting and athletic goods, .
8ua*rried,* ......
ut and monumental,
Straw and palm leaf goods.
Tallow, candles, soap, and grease,*
Tobacco, snuff, and clears.
Toys and games (chll(u:en*s), .
Trunks and valises, . . . .
Whips, lashes, and stocks.
Wooden goods,
Woollen goods,*
Woven goods and yam,*
Shoddy, waste, etc..
Worsted goods,*
8
8
11
884
127
U
22
6
6
86
7
82
102
25
866
16
47
26
18
46
12
11
194
45
149
20
60
74
9
7
12
73
148
120
28
88
2
2
8
276
102
11
14
6
4
16
86
20
241
41
14
42
5
6
176
30
146
16
49
66
4
7
10
17
17
11
9
80
1
8
148
123
6
24
11
21
1
21
8
2
2
8
276
101
11
14
6
4
16
22
86
75
18
16
6
6
20
209
289
41
2
19
22
14
42
6
6
176
80
146
16
49
66
4
7
6
60
84
64
20
17
10
16
10
9
18
1
8
188
121
6
24
ALL INDUSTRIES,
4,696 3,280 1,326 90 8,262 1,272
20
t Includes 8 railroad corporations.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
48 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
PAETNEES: BY INDUSTEIES.
1900.
[ThlB preBentation shows the number of partners comprising the 8^ private Arms
engaged in the management of the 8,889 establishments. As explained in the preceding
presentation, duplications in partners occur in the industries indicated by an asterisk (*),
since the same firm is sometimes engaged in more than one industry, and the plan, as
stated, has been to consider each establishment as a unit and to credit thereto the whole
number of partners, but in making up the total for All Industries to omit duplications; so
that the final line in the table shows the exact number of partners conducting the specified
number of private firms.]
IXDUSTBIBS.
Number
of
Private
Firmi
NuifBEB or Pabtners
Males Females Special Estates Totals
Agricultural implements, ....
Arms and ammimition, . . . .
Artisans' tools,
Awnings, sails, tents, etc., ....
Bicycles, tricycles, etc., . . . .
Boots and shoes,*
Boots and shoes (factory product).
Soles, heels, and cut stock,* .
Boot and shoe findings
Stitching, heeling, etc., ....
Boxes, barrels, kegs, etc.,* ....
Boxes (paper),*
Brick, tues, and sewer pipe.
Brooms, brushes, and mops.
Building materials,
Burial cases, caskets, coffins, etc., .
Buttons and dress trimmings, .
Carpetings,
Carriages and wagons,* . . « .
Cement, kaolin, lime, and plaster, .
Chemical preparations (compounded), .
Clocks and watches,
Clothing
Cooking, lighting, and heating appara-
tus,
Cordage and twine,
Cotton goods,*
Cotton goods (woven), . . . .
Cotton yam and thread
Cotton waste.*
Crayons, pencils, crucibles, etc.,
Drugs and medicines,
Dyestuffs,
Earthen, plaster, and stone ware, .
Electrical apparatus and appliances.
Electroplating,*
Emery and sand paper and cloth, etc., .
Fancy articles, etc.,
Fertilizers,
Fine arts and taxidermy, . . . .
Fireworks and matches, . . . .
4
7
64
86
4
602
868
196
26
22
108
66
60
19
32
8
7
2
105
7
7
8
116
23
15
25
11
9
6
2
14
4
10
7
9
1
9
4
2
2
621
280
87
24
183
72
70
24
49
7
7
6
172
12
10
13
211
26
13
9
8
8
6
6
1
1
5
12
76
60
6
1,000
643
293
37
27
188
79
77
26
61
7
5
176
13
11
13
86
27
46
26
12
8
17
7
10
11
11
1
10
6
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] ESTABLISHMENTS AND MANAGEMENT. 49
PARTNERS: BY INDUSTRIES — 1900 — Concluded.
Flax, hemp, and jute goods,
Food preparations,*
Furniture,*
Glass
Glue, isinglass, and starch,
Hair work (animal and human).
Hose and belting : rubber, linen, etc..
Hosiery and knit goods, ....
Ink, mucilage, and paste, ....
Ivory, bone, shell, and horn goods, etc., .
Jewelry,
Leather,
Leather goods
Liquors (bottled) and carbonated bever-
ages,
Liquors (malt), . . . ' .
Liquors (distilled)
Lumber,*
Machines and machinery,* . . . .
Metals and metallic gooas,*
Models, lasts, and patterns,
Musical instruments and materials, . . .
Oils and illuminating fluids,
Paints, colors, and crude chemicals, .
Paper,*
Paper goods,
Perfumes, toilet articles, etc., .
Photographs and photographic materials,
Polishes and dressing,* . . . .
Printing, publishing, and bookbinding, .
Print works, dye works, and bleachenes.
Railroad construction and equipment.
Rubber and elastic goods,* ....
Saddlery and harness,
Scientific instruments and appliances.
Shipbuilding,
Silk and silk goods,
Sporting and athletic goods.
Stone,
guarried,
ut and monumental, ....
Straw and palm leaf goods,
Tallow, candles, soap, and grease,* .
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars. ....
Toys and games (chilcfren's), .
Trunks and valises,
Whips, lashes, and stocks
Wooden goods,
Woollen goods,*
Woven goods and yam,* ....
Shoddy, waste, etc.,
Worsted goods,
All Industries,
Number
of
Private
Finni
8
278
101
11
U
6
4
16
87
76
19
17
6
6
ao
316
242
42
32
22
14
43
6
6
176
30
146
17
60
67
4
7
7
60
84
63
21
19
3,323
NUMBEX OF PABTHKXS
Males Females Special Estates Totals
6
868
167
120
21
11
11
29
814
340
64
48
34
72
97
7
13
10
78
126
98
27
88
4,961
11
8
1
1
168
26
74
6
888
161
19
6
6
28
9
87
124
88
27
16
11
88
832
868
66
49
80
39
27
4
18
41
71
38
3
46
19
68
6
7
249
46
203
34
76
99
9
13
11
83
132
104
28
84
6,218
Digitized by VjOOQIC
50 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
PAETNEES: BY rNDUSTEIES.
1901.
[This proBentatlon shows the number of partners comprising the 8,262 private firms
engaged in the management of the 8,280 establishments. As explained in the preceding
presentation, duplications in partners occur in the industries indicated by an asterisk (*),
since the same firm is sometimes engaged in more than one industry, and the plan, as
stated, has been to consider each establishment as a unit and to credit thereto the whole
number of partners, but in making up the total for All Industries to omit duplications; so
that the final line in the table shows the exact number of partners conducting the specified
number of private firms.]
iMDUiTSIBS.
Number
of
Private
Firms
Agricultural implements, . . . .
Arms and ammunition
Artisans' tools,
Awnings, sails, tents, etc., ....
Bicycles, tricycles, etc., . . . .
Boots and shoes,'^
Boots and shoes (factory product),
Soles, heels, and cut stock,* .
Boot and shoe findings, ....
Stitching, heeling, etc., ....
Boxes, barrels, kegs, etc.,* ....
Boxes (paper),*
Brick, tiles, and sewer pipe.
Brooms, brushes, and mops.
Building materials,
Burial cases, caskets, coffins, etc., .
Buttons and dre^s trimmings, .
Carpetings,*
Carriages and wagons,* . . . .
Cement, kaolin, lime, and plaster, .
Chemical prepaiations (compounded), .
Clocks ana watches
Clothing
Cooking, lighting, and heating appara-
tus,
Cordage and twine,
Cotton goods,*
Cotton goods (woven), . . . .
Cotton yam and thread, . * .
Cotton waste.*
Crayons, pencils, crucibles, etc..
Drugs and medicines,
Dyestuffs,
Earthen, plaster, and stone ware.
Electrical apparatus and appliances,
Electroplating,*
Emery and sand paper and cloth, etc., .
Fancy articles, etc., . ' .
Fertilizers,
Fine arts and taxidermy, . . . .
Fireworks and matches, . . . .
866
197
26
22
99
66
43
18
81
8
7
8
108
6
6
7
116
16
24
10
9
6
2
12
8
10
6
9
1
9
8
2
2
KtJMBKB or Pabtnsbs
Malei Femalei Special Estates Totals
6
12
76
47
6
986
601
276
86
24
180
70
62
24
47
7
10
6
163
11
8
12
80
18
8
1
8
1
6
6
8
1
10
9
1
6
14
77
48
6
961
680
287
87
27
132
77
49
7
12
6
168
14
9
12
216
32
27
42
22
12
8
2
17
6
10
8
11
1
10
4
8
4
Digitized by VjiOOQlC
No. 36.] ESTABLISHMENTS AND MANAGEMENT. 61
PARTNERS : BY INDUSTRIES — 1901 — ConcIad«d.
ISDJJtfmu,
Knmber
of
PriTate
Flrmi
Kdmbkx of Pabtm bks
Femftlet Special Eatatei Totals
Flax, hemp, and jute goods.
Food preparationB,*
Furniture,* ....
Glass,
Glue, isinglass, and starch, .
Hair work (animal and human),
Hose and belting: rubber, linen, etc..
Hosiery and knit goods.
Ink, mucilage, and paste, .
Ivory, bone, shell, and horn goods, etc.,
Jewelry,
Leather,
Leather goods,
Liquors (bottled) and carbonated bever-
ages,
Liquors (malt),
Liquors (distilled)
Lumber,*
Machines and machinery,* . . . .
Metals and metallic goods,*
Models, lasts, and patterns,
Musical instruments and materials, .
Oils and Illuminating fluids,* .
Paints, colors, and crude chemicals, .
Paper,*
Paper goods,
Perfumes, toilet articles, etc..
Photographs and photographic materials,
Polishes and dres^ng,* ....
Printing, publishing, and bookbinding, .
Print works, dye works, and bleacheries.
Railroad construction and equipment.
Rubber and elastic goods,* .
Saddleiy and harness
Scientific Instruments and appliances,
ShipbuUdlng,
Silk and silk goods, ....
Sporting and athletic goods.
Quarried,
Cut and monumental.
Straw and palm leaf goods, .
Tallow, candles, soap, and grease,*
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars, .
Toys and games (children's).
Trunks and valises.
Whips, lashes, and stocks, .
Wooden goods,
Woollen goods,* .
Woven goods and yarn,* .
Shoddv, waste, etc., .
Worsted goods,
ALL Industries, .
8
276
102
11
U
6
4
16
85
76
18
16
5
6
20
209
241
41
14
42
5
6
176
ao
146
16
49
66
4
7
6
60
86
66
20
17
8,262
6
866
166
16
28
7
8
9
86
168
116
27
19
10
11
32
802
882
61
42
2
42
27
18
64
6
7
237
42
196
82
78
91
7
18
8
79
123
97
26
4,828
18
8
172
21
70
6
874
166
18
80
7
8
80
168
119
29
16
11
861
62
48
27
87
28
4
14
42
72
87
1
28
1
21
1
66
6
_
7
5
249
2
46
8
203
1
33
2
75
98
^
9
-
13
.
9
2
88
8
181
8
104
27
-
80
6,091
Digitized by VjOOQIC
52 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
STOCKHOLDEES: BY INDUSTRIES.
lOOO.
[ThiB presentation showB the nnmber of stockholders In the 1,225 corporations engaged
in the management of the 1,277 establlshmentB. As In the preceding presentation, dupli-
cations occur in the industries indicated by an asterisk (*), since the same corporation is
sometimes engaged in more than one industry, and the plan, as stated, has been to con-
sider each establishment as a unit and to credit thereto the whole number of stockholders,
but in making up the total for All Industries to omit duplications. Stockholders in certain
establishments which are operated by railroad companies, or by industrial combinations,
many of which have extensive investments of capital outside this Commonwealth, are not
included in this presentation, since to include all the stockholders of a railroad company,
or of an industrial combination, in connection with such merely branch establishments
incidental only to the main business of the corporation, would result in abnormally in-
creasing the aggregate.]
IMDUSTBIKS.
Number
of
Corporar
tiODB
NCMBBR OF STOCKHOLDBSS
Banks,
Trustees,
etc.
Totals
Agricultural implements,
Arms and ammunition.
Artisans* tools.
Awnings, sails, tents, etc.,
Bicycles, tricycles, etc.,* .
Boots and shoes,* ....
Boots and shoes (factory product)
Soles, heels, and cut stock,* .
Boot and shoe findings, .
Stitching, heeling, etc., .
Boxes, barrels, kegs, etc.,* .
Boxes (paper),* ....
Brick, tiles, and sewer pipe,*
Brooms, brushes, and mops.
Building materials.
Burial cases, caskets, coffins, etc..
Buttons and dress trimmings, .
Carpetings,*
Carriages and wagons,*
Cement, kaolin, lime, and plaster.
Chemical preparations (compounded)
Clocks and watches.
Clothing,*
Cooking, lighting, and heating
Cordage and twine,
apparatus,
Cotton goods.* . . . .
Cotton goods (woven),* .
Cotton yam and thread,* .
Cotton waste,* ....
Crayons, pencils, crucibles, etc..
Drugs and medicines,
Dyestuffs,
Earthen, plaster, and stone ware.
Electrical apparatus and appliances,
Electroplating,* ....
Emery and sand paper and cloth, etc
Fancy articles, etc..
Fertilizers,
Fine arts and taxidermy.
Fireworks and matches.
8
90
72
14
4
18
11
15
4
14
2
9
7
16
3
6
2
36
20
9
124
103
17
4
2
2
17
88
109
81
734
507
210
17
94
67
224
29
159
31
67
793
146
18
87
266
445
175
365
9,531
9,0U7
505
19
14
40
10
446
70
24
214
7
4
17
51
306
1
1
176
64
110
2
24
5
80
25
23
10
765
42
285
182
55
202
8,292
7,962
334
6
2
42
12
1
114
26
21
19
107
17
2
16
1
4
7
6
341
4
10
76
34
24
38
3,071
2,980
90
1
10
76
179
937
8
603
340
19
135
64
320
55
186
48
95
1,899
202
18
139
627
661
264
605
20,894
19,939
929
26
16
132
57
106
804
8
6
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] ESTABLISHMENTS AND MANAGEMENT. 53
STOCKHOLDERS : BT INDUSTRIES — lOOO — Conduded.
iNDUSTSni.
Nomber
of
CSorpon-
Uont
KCMBKB OF STOCKHOLDKK8
Females
Bank!,
Trustees,
etc.
TotaU
Flax, hemp, and jute goods,
Food preparations,*
Furniture,* . . . .
Glass,
Glue, isinglass, and starch, .
Hair work (animal and human).
Hose and belting : rubber, linen, «
Hosiery and knit goods.
Ink, mucilage, and paste, .
Ivory, bone, sheU, and horn goods, etc..
Jewelry,
Leather,*
Leather goods,*
Liquors (bottled) and carbonated bever.
ages
Liquors (malt).*
Liquors (distilled)
Lumber,*
Machines and machinery,* .
Metals and metallic goods,* .
Models, lasts, and patterns,*
Musical instruments and materials.
Oils and illuminating fluids,* .
Paints, colors, and crude chemicals,*
Paper,*
Paper goods,*
Perfumes, toilet articles, etc., .
Photographs and photographic materials,
Polishes and dressing, . . . . .
Printing, publishing, and bookbinding, .
Print works, dye works, and bleachenes,*
Railroad construction and equipment,*
Rubber and elastic goods,* .
Saddlery and harness, .
Scientinc instruments and appliances.
Shipbuilding
Silk and silk goods,
Sporting and athletic goods.
Stone,*
guarried,*
u
Uut and monumental,
Straw and palm leaf goods.
Tallow, candles, soap, and grease,*
Tobacco, snuff, and cikars. .
Toys and games (children's), .
Trunks and yalises,
Whips, lashes, and stocks,
Wooden goods,
Woollen goods,* .
Woven goods and yam,*
Shoddy, waste, etc., .
Worsted goods,* .
All iNDUSTBISfl,
8
49
26
8
8
1
2
19
1
10
15
16
10
8
20
1
3
137
124
5
21
10
38
16
3
9
23
21
12
24
3
4
3
7
6
18
16
3
3
10
7
5
6
12
56
49
7
14
1,226
96
770
619
121
7
476
4
43
63
72
188
79
1,447
24
86
2,906
1350
22
209
8
80
897
386
14
49
266
676
96
660
19
66
83
126
36
844
290
64
13
67
31
29
129
196
719
697
22
312
60
213
26,584
16
191
2
85
1,651
616
7
75
23
153
165
6
9
47
474
9
886
8
15
18
81
6
184
129
6
4
88
7
4
61
536
525
11
170
15,002
16
68
109
1
14
181
5
20
861
167
1
18
6
9
407
5
107
12
13
266
265
1
70
6,224
164
1,041
911
70
284
136
8
994
4
49
71
81
287
100
1,658
26
73
4,818
2,133
80
802
104
590
20
63
821
1,466
109
1,062
27
82
99
161
41
510
451
69
17
115
44
83
207
270
1,521
1,487
34
47,410
Digitized by VjOOQIC
54 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
STOCKHOLDBES: BY INDUSTKIES.
1901.
[This preaentation showB the number of stockholders in the 1,272 corporations engaged
in the management of the 1,826 establishments. As in the preceding presentation, duplica-
tions occur in the industries indicated by an asterisk {*)t since the same corporation is some-
times engaged in more than one industry, and the plan, as stated, has been to consider
each establishment as a imit and to credit thereto the whole number of stockholders, but in
making up the total for All Industries to omit duplications. Stockholders in certain estab-
llshments which are operated by railroad companies, or by industrial combinations, many
of which have extensiye investments of capital outside this Commonwealth, are not in.
eluded in this presentation, since to include all the stockholders of a railroad company, or
of an industrial combination, in connection with such merely branch establishments inci-
dental only to the main business of the corporation, would result in abnormally increasing
the aggregate.]
Number
of
Corpora-
tions
Number of Stogkholdebs
Banks,
Trustees,
etc.
Totals
Agricultural implements, . . . .
Arms and ammunition, . . . .
Artisans' tools
Awnings, sails, tents, etc
Bicycles, tricycles, etc., ....
Boots and shoes,*
Boots and shoes (factory product),*
Soles, heels, and cut stock,* .
Boot and shoe findings
Stitching, heeling, etc., . . . .
Boxes, barrels, kegs, etc.,* ....
Boxes (pai)er),*
Brick, tiles, and sewer pipe,* .
Brooms, brushes, and mops,
Building materials,
Burial cases, caskets, cofins, etc., .
Buttons and dress trimmings, .
Carpetings,*
Carnages and wagons,* . . . .
Cement, kaolin, lime, and plaster, .
Chemical preparations (compounded), .
Clocks ana watches
Clothing,*
Cooking, lighting, and heating apparatus,*
Cordage and twine
Cotton goods.*
Cotton goods (woven),* ....
Cotton yam and thread,* ....
Cotton waste.*
Crayons, pencils, crucibles, etc.,
Drugs and medicines,
Dyestufls,
Earthen, plaster, and stone ware, .
Electrical apparatus and appliances,
Electroplatmg,*
Emery and sand paper and doth, etc., .
Fancy articles, etc.,
Fertilizers
Fine arts and taxidermy, . . . .
Fireworks and matches, . . . .
6
d3
76
13
4
11
12
6
16
2
9
6
18
7
8
86
20
9
125
104
17
4
2
13
3
2
18
36
106
738
622
199
17
112
56
328
33
174
80
67
762
174
21
108
267
473
156
330
9,638
9,023
496
19
14
879
42
11
221
7
8
21
56
833
1
186
68
114
3
31
9
138
816
51
60
61
272
8,418
8,068
364
17
1
195
13
19
20
90
1
2
40
22
18
19
2
40
1
2
7
8
347
6
3
6
81
89
25
23
8,067
2,951
106
1
76
182
946
10
47
968
612
331
20
67
501
56
199
47
86
231
24
164
646
715
242
625
21,013
20,032
966
26
16
440
63
12
104
318
8
6
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] ESTABLISHMENTS AND MANAGEMENT. 55
STOCKHOLDERS : BY INDUSTRIES — 1901 — Concluded.
Kmnber
of
CJorpora-
tions
NCTMBKR OF STOCKHOLDBBS
Biales
Banks,
Trustees,
etc.
Totals
Flax, hemp, aod jute goods, . .
Food preparations,*
Furniture,*
Glass,
Glue, isinglass, and starch
Hair work (animal and human).
Hose and belting: rubber, linen, etc..
Hosiery and knit goods, . . . .
Ink, mucilage, and paste, ....
iTory, bone, snell, and horn goods, etc., .
Jewelry,
Leather,*
Leather goods,*
Liquors (bottled) and carbonated bever-
ages
Liquors (malt),*
Liquors (distilled)
Lumber,* • .
Machines and machinery,* . . . .
Metals and metallic goods,*
Models, lasts, and patterns,*
Musical instruments and materials, .
Oils and illuminating fluids,* .
Paints, colors, and crude chemicals,*
Paper,*
Paper goods,*
Perfumes, toilet articles, etc., .
Photographs and photographic materials,
Polishes and dressing,
Printing, publishing, and bookbinding, .
Print works, dye works, and bleacherfes,*
Railroad construction and equipment,* .
Rubber and elastic goods,* . . . .
Saddlery and harness,
Scientific instruments and appliances.
Shipbuilding,
Silk and silk goods
Sporting and athletic goods.
Stone,*
Quarried,*
Cut and monumental, ....
Straw and imlm leaf goods.
Tallow, candles, soap, and grease,* ,
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars, ....
Toys and games (chilaxen*8), .
Trunks and valises,
Whips, lashes, and stocks
Wooden goods,
Woollen goods,*
Woven goods and yam,* ....
Shoddy, waste, etc.,
Worsted goods,*
ALIi INDUSTBIES,
8
61
26
8
8
1
2
19
1
10
17
17
11
30
1
3
143
123
6
24
11
38
17
6
10
23
21
13
26
3
4
4
7
5
18
15
3
4
11
9
5
6
12
65
47
8
16
98
667
61
188
121
7
497
4
46
90
196
91
1,482
24
36
2,948
1,433
26
100
361
28
53
251
677
656
16
47
100
134
39
330
282
48
17
71
42
28
131
193
701
674
27
343
16
73
16
1
364
6
100
16
210
2
41
1,616
667
7
158
136
16
8
52
468
14
434
8
11
16
54
10
121
116
6
4
37
6
60
538
524
14
197
24.
61
106
178
5
12
356
181
1
19
1
44
21
1
7
8
417
7
106
3
2
6
1
41
41
15
7
9
16
292
291
1
76
180
910
918
67
136
4
61
76
101
310
112
1,704
26
78
4,919
2,281
134
663
459
45
68
311
1,462
120
1,195
61
118
194
60
53
21
123
54
34
1,631
1,489
42
616
1,272
27,360
16,353
6,325
49,038
Digitized by VjOOQIC
56 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub: Doc.
Analysis,
From the foregoing presentations, it will be seen that in
1900, 3,323 private firms managed 3,339 establishments, and
in 1901, 3,262 firms managed 3,280 establishments, a decrease,
in 1901, of 61 private firms and 59 establishments.
In 1900, 1,225 corporations controlled 1,277 establishments,
and in 1901, 1,272 corporations controlled 1,326 establish-
ments ; an increase, in 1901, of 47 in the number of corpora-
tions and of 49 in number of establishments.
In 1900, 19 industrial combinations controlled 80 establish-
ments, and in 1901, 20 combinations controlled 90 establish-
ments, an increase of one industrial combination and of 10
establishments in 1901 as compared with 1900.
While there was a decrease of 61 private firms and an increase
of but 47 corporations and one industrial combination, with
the consequent loss of 13 in the actual number of firms, corpora-
tions, and combinations, it should not be understood that this
loss means the abandonment of the establishments which were
managed by the 13 firms or corporations. It means simply
that 13 firms or corporations were, in 1901, absorbed by firms,
corporations, or combinations which were already in existence.
There was no loss in the number of establishments, 4,696 re-
porting in both years. The figures indicate, however, the pre-
vailing tendency towards the corporate form of management,
and towards concentration, to which attention has been called
in preceding issues of these Annual Reports.
Each corporation managed, on an average, 1.04 establish-
ments in 1900 and 1.04 in 1901, and each industrial combina-
tion controlled, on an average, 4.21 establishments in 1900
and 4.50 in 1901, while the private firms each controlled,
practically, but one establishment in both years.
In the head-notes to the presentations on pages 44 and 46
it is explained that duplications occur so far as the number of
firms, corporations, and combinations are concerned, for the
reason that one firm, corporation, or combination may carry
on two or more establishments in the same or in different
towns and industries. It is further explained that the plan
adopted in the statistical presentation has been to consider each
establishment, whether managed in connection with another or
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] ESTABLISHMENTS AND MANAGEMENT. 57
not, as a unit, and to credit to each industry its own number of
firms, corporations, and combinations, but when considering
the total for ** All Industries," to omit the duplications.
The same is also true in regard to partners and stockholders,
as indicated in the head-notes on pages 48, 50, 52, and 54.
Upon the last two named pages, attention is called to the fact
that the stockholders of certain establishments which are oper-
ated by railroad companies, or by industrial combinations,
many of which have extensive investments of capital outside
this Conmionwealth, are not included in the presentations ;
since to include all the stockholders of a railroad company, or
of an industrial combination, in connection with such merely
branch establishments incidental only to the main business of
the corporation, would have the result of abnormally increas-
ing the aggregate.
In this connection, it should be stated that only the number
of firms, corporations, combinations, partners, and stockhold-
ers are affected by these duplications and omissions. The
returns relative to capital devoted to production, stock used,
goods made, persons employed, wages paid, etc., are made
separately for each establishment, and in the tabular presenta-
tions are credited to the industry to which they properly
belong. There are, therefore, no duplications or omissions in
the number of establishments.
From the presentations relating to partners and stockholders
(pages 48-55), we bring forward in the following table the
aggregates for All Industries for the years 1900 and 1901, and
show the increase or decrease in the later as compared with
the earlier year :
Partneks and Stogkholdbbs.
Partners.
Males
Females
Special and estates, .
Stockholders.
Males,
Females,
Banks, trustees, etc.,
1900
5,218
4,951
168
99
47,410
26,584
15,602
5.224
5,091
4,828
172
91
49,038
27,360
16,353
5,325
Increase (+) or
Decrease (— ) in 1001
Number Percentages
-127
—123
-H
—8
+1,628
+776
+751
+101
—2.43
—2.48
+2.38
—8.08
+3.43
+2.92
+4.81
+1.93
Digitized by VjOOQIC
58 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub.Doo.
KUMBBR
IMCBBASB (+) OR
DBCBKA8B (-) IK 1901
PAXTNSB0 AMD STOOKHOLDBBS.
!•••
IMl
Nombor
Percentages
AggregaUi.
Hales,
62,828
81,686
64,120
82,188
18,626
6,416
+1,601
+868
+766
+93
+2.86
+2.07
FemalM,
Bpecial, banks, etc.,
16,770
6,828
+4.7»
+1.76
The total number of partners shows a decrease of 2.43 per
cent in 1901 as compared with 1900. The males decreased
2.48 per cent, the females increased 2.38 per cent, and the
special partners and estates decreased 8.08 per cent.
The total number of stockholders shows an increase of 3.43
per cent in 1901 as against 1900. The males increased 2.92
per cent, the females 4.81 per cent, and the banks, trustees,
etc., 1.93 per cent.
Comparing the aggregates for 1900 and 1901, an increase
of 2.85 per cent appears in the later year. The males in-
creased 2.07 per cent, females 4.79 per cent, and special part-
ners, banks, etc., 1.75 per cent.
Considering the whole number of partners and stockholders,
we find that the partners constituted 9.91 per cent and stock-
holders 90.09 per cent of the aggregate in 1900 and 9.41 per
cent and 90.59 per cent, respectively, in 1901. Of the .aggre-
gate number of males, 15.70 per cent were in private firms
in 1900 and 15 per cent in 1901. Of the females, 98.93 per
cent of the aggregate were financially interested in corpora-
tions in 1900 and 98.96 per cent in 1901.
The next table exhibits the effect of the change from the
private firm to the corporation upon the number of partners
and stockholders in the aggregate and in the average :
Classification.
Private firms
Partners
Average number of partners to a private firm, .
Corporations,
Stockholders,
Average number of stockholders to a corporation,
3,262
6,091
1.56
1,272
49,038
38.56
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] ESTABLISHMENTS AND MANAGEMENT. 69
Practically no change appears in the average number of
partners to a private firm in 1900 and 1901, the averages being
1.57 and 1.56, respectively. The same is true of the average
number of stockholders to a corporation, the average being
'38.70 in 1900 and 38.55 in 1901.
Summarizing the facts, we find that in 1901 the returns
represent 4,696 establishments classified in 80 industries.
These establishments are conducted by 3,262 private firms,
1,272 corporations, and 20 industrial combinations, or, in
other words, 71.63 per cent of the establishments are in the
hands of private firms, 27.93 per cent are managed by corpora-
tions, and 0.44 per cent are controlled by industrial combina-
tions. The private firms constitute 71.63 per cent of the total
number of firms, corporations, and combinations, and are
managed by 5,091 persons, of whom 94.83 per cent are males,
3.38 per cent are females, and 1.79 per cent are special part-
ners and estates. The corporations are managed by 49,038
persons, of whom 55.79 per cent are males, 33.35 per cent are
females, and 10.86 per cent are banks, trustees, etc. The in-
dustrial combinations form but 0.44 per cent of the total
number of firms, corporations, and combinations. The aver-
age number of partners to a private firm is 1.56 and the
average number of stockholders to a corporation, 38.55. Of
the aggregate partners and stockholders, 59.46 per cent are
males, 30.53 per cent are females, and 10.01 per cent are
special partners, banks, etc.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
60 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTUKES. [Pub. Doc.
Investment, Materials Used, and Product.
On the following pages are shown comparisons of the
amount of capital devoted to production, the value of stock
and materials used, and the value of goods made and work
done in 4,696 identical establishments each making returns for
the years 1900 and 1901.
The term ** capital devoted to production " includes cash on
hand and in bank, the value of land and buildings, when
owned, the value of machinery, implements, and tools, when
owned, and also the value of stock on hand in a raw state or
in process of manufacture at the date of making the return.
The last named element is, obviously, susceptible of wide
variation from year to year. A small amount of stock on hand
or in process of manufacture at the time the report is made
would have the effect of showing a less amount devoted to
production, and, on the other hand, an investment in materials
purchased in a favorable market, the same being on hand at
the time of making the return, would increase relatively the
amount devoted to production and yet neither would affect the
standing of the industry.
The term ** stock used" includes all materials used in the
establishment, whether entering into the construction of the
article, or consumed in the processes necessary to the produc-
tion of the finished goods. Increase or decrease in value,
considered by itself, does not always indicate gain or loss in
the quantity consumed or a corresponding increase or decrease
in the quantity of goods made, it may mean simply a rise or
fall in values and have no appreciable effect on the quantity.
The term ** goods made and work done'' is sufficiently ex-
plicit. The figures represent the gross selling value of the
output in the establishments making return in the years 1900
and 1901.
The total number of establishments considered is 4,696 and
the number in each industry may be found on pages 44 to
47 ; they are omitted in the tables which follow, owing to con-
sideration of space.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] INVESTMENT — MATERIALS — PRODUCT. 61
CAPITAL DEVOTED TO PRODUCTION:
BY INDUSTRIES.
1900, IdOl.
[In thi« proMntatloii, the flgorea given nnder " Amount of Cftpital Devoted to Prodnetion"
repreaent the retnniB made by 4,696 identical establishments for the years 1900 and 1001. The
number of establishments considered in each industry may be found in the presentation on
pages 44 to 47. Comparison is made, as regards the amount of capital devoted to production,
between the two years. The relative increase or decrease in 1001 as compared with 1000 la
given with its equivalent percentage.]
IVDUSTSIBS.
Agricultural implements, .
Arms and ammunition.
Artisans' tools, .
Awnings, sails, tents, etc., .
Bicycles, tricycles, etc..
Boots and shoes, ....
Boots and shoes (factory product)
Soles, heels, and cut stock.
Boot and shoe findings, .
Stitching, heeling, etc., .
Boxes, barrels, kegs, etc., .
Boxes (paper) I
Brick, ttles, and sewer pipe.
Brooms, brushes, and mops.
Building materials.
Burial cases, caskets, coffins, etc.,
Buttons and dress trinunings, .
Carpetings,
Carriages and wagons.
Cement, kaolin, lime, and plaster.
Chemical preparations (compounded).
Clocks and watches, ...
Clothing,
Cooking, lighting, and heating apparatus,
Cordage and twine, ...
Cotton goods. ....
Cotton goods (woven), .
Cotton yam and thread, .
Cotton waste. ....
Crayons, pencils, crucibles, etc.,
Drugs and medicines, ,
Dyestufb, .
Barthen, plaster, and stone ware,
Blectrical apparatus and appliances,
Blectroplating, ....
Bmery and sand paper and cloth, etc.
Fancy articles, etc., .
Fertilizers, ....
Fine arts and taxidermy, .
Fireworks and matches, .
Flax, hemp, and jute goods,
Food preparationB,
Furniture, ....
Amount of
Capital Drvotbd to
Proddction
$1,010,121
2,011,286
3,254,862
103,020
1,424,663
25,660,748
22,063,166
2,944,638
488,370
64,674
2,728,168
1,179,068
2,180,886
767,766
2,065,206
156,888
764,688
6,045,740
2,367,203
115,316
1,475,330
4,822,818
5,r)34,()48
1,570,160
3,275,310
128,351,346
101,491,784
26,216,882
642,680
151,930
2,000,141
647,666
247,241
4,877,743
87,100
304,600
106,406
830,826
32,100
63,181
2,203,768
19,126,027
7,781,230
1901
$1,077,870
2,310,166
3,176,307
100,104
1,420,001
27,327,644
23,617,630
3,102,123
636,006
70,877
2,066,807
1,160,284
2,282,016
741,041
], 926,403
140,067
747,836
5,957,500
2,49f^,i40
lai T07
1,6.VJ Bl
5,361 >77
6,1 S-, 166
1,47- ilO
3,621, (J22
126,845,720
100,425,670
25,764,747
65 ,-,412
94,424
2,031,070
626437
217,360
6,718,042
03,270
418,260
266,748
1,031,484
37,200
40,264
2,440,440
10,346,117
8,061,314
Incskasb (-f )
OR Dkcrbasr (— ) nr
1901
+$67,768
+307,881
—70,665
—2,836
-4,562
+1,776,796
+1,564,473
+157,585
+48,535
+6,203
+237,6U
—10,724
+93,031
—25,815
—139,805
-6,821
—6,847
-88,160
+129,166
+16,481
+ 176,901
1-538,260
+548,618
—98,059
+345,703
—1,505,617
—1,066,114
—452,136
+12,632
-57,516
+30,020
—22,420
—20,881
+840,200
+6,080
+23,661
+71,248
+101,650
+5,100
—3,027
+166,672
+221,000
^"0,076
Percent-
ages
+6.71
+16.81
—2.44
—1.47
—0.82
--6.06
--7.00
--6.36
0.04
0.50
8.71
—0.01
+4.26
—8.86
— 6.n
—4.88
—0.01
—1.46
+6.46
14.20
12.00
11.16
+0.74
—6.26
+10.66
-1.17
-1.06
—1.72
+1.07
-37.86
tS:l
Digitized by VjOOQIC
62 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
CAPITAL DEVOTED TO PRODUCTION: BY INDUSTRIES — 1900,
1901 — Concluded.
Industries.
Amount of
Capital Dbvotbd to
Pboduction
1900
1901
INCRKASB (+)
OR DbCRKASB (— ) IN
1901
Amounts
Percent-
ages
Glass,
Glue, isinglass, and starch,
Hair work (animal and human),
Hose and belting : rubber, linen, etc..
Hosiery and knit goods, ....
Ink, mucilage, and paste
Ivory, bone, shell, and horn goods, etc., .
Jewelry,
Leather,
Leather goods
Liquors (bottled) and carbonated bever-
ages
Liquors (malt),
Liquors (distilled)*
Lumber,
ICachines and machinery, .
Metals and metallic goods, ....
Models, lasts, and patterns.
Musical instruments and materials, .
Oils and illuminating fluids.
Paints, colors, and crude chemicals, .
Paper,
Paper goods
Perfumes, toilet articles, etc., .
Photographs and photographic materials,
Polishes and dressing, . . . .
Printing, publishing, and bookbinding, .
Print works, dye works, and bleacheries.
Railroad construction and equipment.
Rubber and elastic goods, .
Saddlery and harness, .
Scientific instruments and appliances,
Shipbuilding, ....
Bilk and silk goods.
Sporting and athletic goods.
Stone,
8uarried,
lit and monumental.
Straw and palm leaf goods.
Tallow, candles, soap, and grease.
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars.
Toys and games (children's), .
Trunks and valises, .
Whips, lashes, and stocks.
Wooden goods, .
Woollen goods, .
Woven goods and yam,
Shoddv, waste, etc., .
Worstea goods, .
All Industries, .
$166,029
1,172,806
161,502
100,037
4,400,010
84,354
817,261
8,466,854
7,708,458
1,806,008
437,612
14,670.136
464,236
064,006
38,880,060
22,868,783
812,848
3,744,286
504,724
748,671
10,826,766
4,216,813
27,135
840,686
607,064
6,662,601
13,663,377
2,005,768
14,062,020
276,724
1,243,626
3,183,108
2,200,041
248,663
4.300,227
2,606,646
1,604,681
2,202,362
2,326,412
1,112,614
442,463
40,761
462,008
1,360,710
26,600,303
26,411,614
1,088,770
16,688,630
$172,746
1,180,652
127,133
131,047
4,484,288
04,327
3,644,682
8,706,176
2,010,003
606,060
14,887,361
447,200
.061,900
40,707,630
23,703,470
818,644
4,088,382
588,571
766,240
20,012,043
5,108,330
26,013
218,842
640,322
7,036,166
14,093,289
2,011,970
16,804,583
259,180
1,330,311
3,799,432
- 2,297,186
312,922
5,765,293
4,040,197
1,725,096
2,221,755
2,633,040
1,165,637
460,042
44,800
464,4A0
1,410,366
26,701,680
24,673,740
1,117.940
16,831,666
$462,101,016 $478,075,904
+$6,n7
-fl6,846
—24,450
+21,110
—6,636
+0,073
+66,838
+177,678
1,718
212,005
+168,457
+217,226
-6,046
+6^764
+2,317,680
+084,606
+6,706
+344,147
+78,847
+6,578
+186,187
+082,026
—222
—126,843
+42,258
+482,664
+1,029,862
. +6^312
+1,831,604
—17,544
+86,686
+616,234
+97,006
+64,260
+1,465,066
+1,434,561
+30,516
—70,607
+208,628
4^\
27>480
—4,861
+11,661
+40.646
—708,718
—787,874
+20,161
+243,026
+ $15,074,889
+4.05
+1.44
—16.18
+10.20
—0.16
+11.82
+7.09
+6.18
+11.68
+11.73
+^.49
+1.48
—1.63
+0.71
.04
.00
--0.71
- -0.10
+15.62
+0.88
+0.94
+28.29
—0.82
—37.28
.06
h7.37
h7.54
+1A
+0.26
+13.02
—6.34
+6.97
+19.36
+4.41
+26.86
434.07
+55.06
+1.80
—3.08
+3.46
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] INVESTMENT — MATERIALS — PRODUCT. 63
STOCK USED: BY INDUSTRIES.
1900, 1901.
[In this preaentation, the flgnrea given under *' Valne of Stoek and listeriala Uaed ** repre-
sent the returns made by 4,006 identical efltabliehmenta for the yeara 1900 and 1901 . The number
of establishments considered in each industry may be found in the presentation on pages 44 to
47. Comparison is made, as regards the amount of stock used, between the two years. The rela-
tive increase or decrease in 1901 as compared with 1900 is given with its equivalent percentage.]
Valdb o»
Stock and Materials
USKO
1900
1901
IHCRSASE (-|-)
OB DbCBBASB (—) IN
1901
Amounts Percent-
ages
Agricultural implements, .
Arms and ammunition.
Artisans* tools, .
Awnings, sails, tents, etc., .
Bicycles, tricycles, etc.,
Boots and shoes, ....
Boots and shoes (factory product)
Holes, heels, and cut stock.
Boot and shoe findings, .
Stitching, heeling, etc.. . •
Boxes, barrels, kegs, etc;, .
Boxes (paper), ....
Brick, tues, and sewer pipe.
Brooms, brushes, and mops.
Building materials.
Burial oases, caskets, coffins, etc.,
Buttons and dress trimmings, .
Carpetings,
Carriages and wagons.
Cement, kaolin, lime, and plaster.
Chemical preparations (compounded)
Clocks and watches, .
Clothing,
Cooking, lighting, and heating apparatus,
Cordage and twine,
Cotton goods, ....
Cotton goods (woven), .
Cotton yam and thread, .
Cotton waste, .
Crayons, pencils, crucibles, etc.,
Drugs and medicines, ,
Dyeetuffs, .
Earthen, plaster, and stone ware,
Electrical apparatus and appliances.
Electroplating, ....
Emery and sand paper and cloth, etc,
Fancy articles, etc..
Fertilizers, . . .
Fine arts and taxi^dermy, •
Fireworks and matches.
Flax, hemp, and jute goods.
Food preparations.
Furniture, ....
$616,577
815,710
1,267,869
400,046
76;i,932
78,914,923
66,061,788
11,767,962
1,033,912
51,366
3,036,028
1,183,055
446,182
992,516
1,346,440
143,259
455,832
5,351.326
1,782,126
113,676
988,965
572,864
13,154,686
1,027,709
6,060,694
65,573,721
51,915,691
11,950,863
1,707,167
73,330
1,690,237
286,860
78,980
6,687,965
49,948
202,188
321,102
1,090,000
7,066
46,076
2,603,483
66,094,660
6,783,096
$646,978
823,077
1,247,898
867,709
578,110
89,986,147
75,571,467
13,178,423
1,187,196
49,061
3,296,299
1,231,799
448,161
964,244
1,314,640
155,475
387,216
4,702.924
1,75V, 04
12*> 116
1,27^^464
69'-., WW
12,6s: .98
1,118,068
6,434,911
69,529,298
57.738,569
10,095,388
1,695,346
60,740
1,766,898
287,680
96,809
6,422,968
44,870
238,018
422,641
1,184,320
6.965
60,711
3.476,160
64,636,937
8,378,717
—$70,599
+7,367
—19,461
-82,887
—186,822
+11,071,224
-4-0,509,684
+1,410,461
+163,284
-2,206
+260,271
+48,744
+1,979
-28,272
—31,800
+12,216
—68,616
—648,402
—23,802
+13,240
+287,489
+123,366
-469,487
+90,344
+374,317
+3,955,577
+5,822,878
—1,855,480
-11,821
—12,590
+66,656
+770
+17,829
+736,008
—5,078
+36,876
+101,439
+94,320
—101
+14,636
+872,677
—457,718
+1,690,622
—11.46
+0.90
—1.64
—8.08
—24.82
+14.03
--14.40
"11.99
--14.83
—4.30
+8.57
-M.12
-fO-M
—2.86
—2.36
-i-8.68
-15.06
—12.12
—1.34
+11.66
+29.07
+21.64
-3.67
+8.79
-4-6.18
+6.08
+11.22
—16.63
-0.69
—17.17
15:
27
+22.67
+12.92
-10.17
+17.76
+^1.69
+8.65
-1.43
+81.77
H-33.62
—0.70
+28.46
Digitized by VjOOQIC
64 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
STOCK USED: BY INDUSTRIES — 1900, 1001 — Concladed.
Industries.
Value of
Stock and Materials
Used
1»00
1901
Increase (+)
OR DBORBASE (— ) IN
1901
Percent-
ages
Glass
Glue, islDglass, and starch,
Hair work (animal and haman) ,
gose and belting : rubber, linen, etc.,
osiery and knit goods,
Ink, mudlage, and paste, .
Ivory, bone, shell, and horn goods, etc..
Jewelry,
Leather,
Leather goods,
Liquors <bottied) and carbonated bev-
erages,
Liquors (malt),
Liquors (distilled)
Lumber
Machines and machinery, .
Metals and metallic goods, .
Models, lasts, and patterns,
Musical instruments and materials, .
Oils and illuminating fluids.
Paints, colors, and crude chemicals,
Paper,
Paper goods,
Perfumes, toilet articles, etc., .
Photographs and photographic materials,
Polishes and dressing, ...
Printing, publishing, and bookbinding.
Print works, dye works, and bleacheiies,
Railroad construction and equipment.
Rubber and elastic goods, .
Saddlery and harness, • •
Scientific instruments and appliances,
Shipbuilding, ....
Silk and silk goods, .
Sporting and athletic goods,
Stone,
Quarried,
Cut and monumental.
Straw and palm leaf goods,
Tallow, candles, soap, and grease.
Tobacco, snuff, and cisars,
Toys and games ( children's), .
Trunks and valises, . •
Whips, lashes, and stocks.
Wooden goods, . .
Woollen goods, .
Woven goods and yam,
Shoddy, waste, etc., .
Worsted goods, .
$119,604
087,814
287,481
217,498
2,833,102
231,675
1,080,379
4,216,966
16,982,441
2,035,910
622,071
2,748,668
1,696,299
1,282,970
18,163,148
21.976,723
867,012
2,396,312
1,069,931
959,718
12,573,866
4,607,447
148,626
311,327
1,265,760
2,406,263
20,466,321
2,252,742
16,917,786
707,300
1,028,787
1,270,890
3,296,959
242,089
1,139,249
123,969
1,015,280
2,906,646
2,958,386
1,883,800
285,348
72,767
620,318
1,119,128
23,887,476
22,784,460
1,103,026
19,947,194
$126,099
1,013,922
261,469
228,842
8,167,441
200,195
1,144,261
4,028,832
18,992,768
2,162,227
720,642
8,048,122
1,642,127
1,306,817
17,820,867
24,786,286
395,429
2,681,499
1,774,168
1,013,708
13,605,791
6,152,680
165,016
843,463
1,446,063
2,697,162
19,906,777
2,083,898
17,494,983
672,042
1,223,556
1,656,072
3,261,224
349,786
1,259,242
184,842
1,074,400
2,818,677
3,372,867
1,824,178
804,096
78,719
492,850
1,130,164
24,194,838
23,004,651
1,190,287
24,763,667
+$6,486
+76,108
—26,012
+11,344
+384,339
—81,380
+68,882
—188,134
+2,010,322
+116,317
+98,571
+294,664
—64.172
+28,347
-842,781
+2,808,513
+38,417
+186,187
+704,237
+63,990
+1,032,425
+54M83
+t},391
+32,136
+1110,909
—560,544
—168,844
+677,197
—86,258
+194,768
+385,182
-85,736
+107,696
+119,993
+60,873
+69,120
—86,868
+414,631
—69,622
+18,748
+6,962
—27,463
+11,026
+807,362
+220,101
+87,261
+4,816,373
ft
—9.06
+6.22
+11.80
-18.66
+6.91
—4.46
+11.84
+5.71
16.86
10.72
19
+1.82
ti
-1.89
+12.78
+10.76
+7.78
+66.82
t6.63
8.21
+11.88
+4.80
+10.82
+14.17
+7.98
—2.74
—7.60
+a.41
+18.93
+30.81
—1.08
+44.49
+10.63
+49.10
+6.82
—2.99
+14.01
—8.16
+6.67
+8.19
—6.28
+0.99
-1.29
>.97
7.91
+24.14
ft:!
All Iin>u8TRiE8, .
$471,452,664
$603,326,396
+$81,873,831
+6.76
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] INVESTMENT — MATERIALS — PRODUCT. 65
GOODS MADE: BY INDUSTEIES.
1900, 1901.
[In this presentation, the figures given under ** Value of Goods Made and Work Done" rep-
resent the returns made by 4,696 identical establishments for the years 1900 and 1901. The
number of establishments considered in each industry may be found in the presentation on
pages 44 to 47. Comparison is made, as regards value of goods made and work done, between
the two years. The relative increase or decrease in 1901 as compared with 1900 is given with
its equivalent percentage. These percentages, based upon returns from 4,696 typical estab-
lishments, may be considered a fair indication of the increase or decrease in value of produet
in the various industries for all the establishments in the Btate.]
Value of Goods Made
AND Work Done
1900
1001
Increase (-f )
or Decrease (— ) in
1001
Amounts
Percent-
ages
Agricultural implements, .
Arms and ammunition.
Artisans' tools, .
Awnings, sails, tents, etc., .
Bicycles, tricycles, etc.,
Boots and shoes, ....
Boots and shoes (factory product)
Boles, heels, and cut stock,
Boot and shoe findings, .
Stitching, heeling, etc., .
Boxes, barrels, kegs, etc., .
Boxes (paper), ...
Brick, tiles, and sewer pipe,
Brooms, brushes, and mops.
Building materials.
Burial cases, caskets, coffins, etc..
Buttons and dress trimmings, .
Carpetings,
Carriages and wagons.
Cement, kaolin, lime, and plaster.
Chemical preparations (compounded)
Clocks and watches.
Clothing,
Cooking, lighting, and heating
"■ and twine,
Cordage and
Cotton goods, ....
Cotton goods (woven), .
Cotton yam and thread, .
Cotton waste, ....
Crayons, pencils, crucibles, etc..
apparatus,
Drugs and medicines, ,
Byestuffs, .
Earthen, plaster, and stone ware,
Electrical apparatus and appliances,
Blectroplating, ....
Emery and sand paper and cloth, etc,
Fancy articles, etc., .
Fertilizers, ....
Fine arts and taxidermy, .
Fireworks and matches.
Flax, hemp, and jute goods,
Fooa preparations.
Furniture, ....
$1,308,292
2,759,076
8,848,786
714,022
1,347,302
125,471,177
108,064,112
15,389,076
1,696,028
321,962
5,644,205
2,667,153
1,546,917
1,710,157
2,556,789
335,267
1,113,669
8,39^,002
4, 09.-) ,1^49
1.- ' ■>73
4, ►62
2::i,::Tl,:i52
3,071,998
8,187,180
124,<)Sr,.R10
101;^- S22
21, «5
2,uu;,i93
186,630
4,984,173
428,603
288,224
11,279,255
174,013
769,809
712,623
1,726,947
47,634
132,765
4,882,405
79,038,774
13,039,464
$1,817,946
8,824,238
8,990,682
691,942
1,052,933
142,275,334
122.695,563
17,301,419
1,961,096
817,257
6,140,786
2,879,433
1,601,616
1,726,924
2,630,689
364,568
963,674
«,2n,483
4,209,193
m
^ ,1 ,;9i
3,353,963
8,177,680
nT,07S.409
T82
-,u-::>,J87
169,430
4,996,746
466,188
828,302
11,898,151
169,021
792,610
864,191
1,918,438
46,272
152,799
6,146,716
80,636,649
18,778,673
+$9,664
+1,066,167
+141,846
—22,080
-294,369
+16,804,157
+14,681,460
+1,912,344
+265,068
-4,706
+496,680
+212,280
+54,699
+16,767
+73,900
-f 19,291
—159,996
-187,119
+113,844
+74,032
+131,466
—664,863
+169,339
+281,956
—9,600
-7,008,401
—2,818,040
-4,718,465
+28,094
—17,200
+11,678
+26,686
+40,078
-f618,896
-4,992
+22,701
+1^
+11
[-141,668
1-191,491
—2,362
+20,034
+263,311
+1,697,775
+739,209
-fO.7*
+88.61
-f3.69
—3.09
-2.28
+2.78
+29.27
+7.01
—16.76
+0.68
-4-9.18
—0.12
—6.66
—2.29
—22.48
+1.88
—9.22
+0.23
+6.20
+18.91
+6.49
—2.87
+2.96
i...
19.87
11.09
—4.96
+15.09
+5.89
•2.02
.67
Digitized by VjOOQIC
66
STATISTICS OF MANUFACTUKES. [Pub. Doc.
GOODS MADE: BY INDUSTRIES — 1900, 1001 — Concluded.
INDUSTKIKS.
Valub op Goods Made
and wohk domk
1»00
1901
IMCHKASE (-I-)
OR Decrease (— ) in
1901
Amounts
Percent-
ages
Glass,
Glue, Isinglass, and starch,
Hair work (animal and human),
Hose and belting : rubber, linen, etc.,
Hosiery and knit goods.
Ink, mucilage, and paste, .
Ivory, bone, shell, and horn goods, etc..
Jewelry,
Leather,
Leather goods,
Liquors (bottled) and carbonated bev-
erages
Liquors (malt),
Liquors (distilled),
Lumber,
Machines and machinery, .
Metals and metallic goods, .
Models, lasts, and patterns,
Musical instruments and materials, .
Oils and illuminating fluids,
Paints, colors, and crude chemicals, .
Paper,
Paper goods,
Perfumes, toilet articles, etc., .
Photographs and photographic materials,
Polishes and dressing
Printing, publishing, and bookbinding, .
Print works, dye works, and bleacheries.
Railroad construction and equipment.
Rubber and elastic goods, .
Saddlery and harness, .
Scientific instruments and appliances,
Shipbuilding, ....
Bilk and silk goods.
Sporting and athletic goods,
Stone, . . . ■ .
Quarried, . . .
Cut and monumental,
Straw and palm leaf goods.
Tallow, candles, soap, and grease.
Tobacco, snufF, and cigars.
Toys and games (children's), .
Trunks and valises.
Whips, lashes, and stocks, .
Wooden goods, . .
Woollen goods, .
Woven goods and yam, .
Shoddy, waste, etc..
Worsted goods, .
$864,840
1,887,078
871,081
830,268
6,400,(»ft
615,188
2,287,426
0,823,602
22,866,846
8,476,226
1,041,768
11,001,161
2,862,182
2,041,086
40,260,006
41,011,206
1,212,068
6,484,740
1,334,461
1,668,602
21,886,110
7,706,012
188,632
636,637
2,216,182
0,802,261
27,844,170
4,136,680
81,123,280
1,106,770
2,320,788
2,620,646
4,010,876
602,643
4,804,013
1,662,461
8,142,462
6,263,086
4,678.126
4,423,316
710,070
170,460
1,206,024
2.878,071
40,866,404
38,086,186
1,880,218
82,806,027
$868,103
1,442,001
841,288
868,082
7,288,084
676,620
2,877,768
0,080,470
26,806,712
8,646,440
1,148,666
11,688,641
2,060,024
2,266,028
40,186,267
46,768,140
1,360,067
7,107,780
2,101,882
1,766,067
24,344,202
8,780,367
101,268
646,664
2,647,010
0,770,086
27,084,704
3,008,080
82,613,268
1,086,408
2,680,.626
3,600,161
6,243,678
731,330
6,301,^170
2,007,243
8,204,227
6,108,686
4,030,281
4,604,842
733,766
181,861
1,266,001
2,404,711
42,604,022
40,570,040
2,024,873
80,672,642
+$3,844
+64,028
—30,648
+28,820
+888,270
+61,337
+140,842
+166,068
+8,640,866
+160,216
+106,808
—817,620
+116,842
+224,043
—124,638
+6,741,036
+148,014
+672,000
+867,421
+97,466
+2,50&,083
+992,455
+7,736
+11,127
+332,737
+477,724
—259,376
—227,660
+1,400,028
—70,281
+268,738
- -060,516
--333,303
- -138,696
- -686,657
--434,782
--161,776
—66,300
+362,166
-i-181,026
+13,786
-1-11,892
t 68,977
25,740
+1,720,518
+1,684,863
+144,665
+6,867,616
+1.06
4-3.80
—8.24
+8.60
+13.88
+11.01
+6.27
+1.70
+16.84
-I-4-87
+10.26
—2.67
-H-10
+11.02
—0.26
14.00
12.21
10.46
I
+64.26
-1-5.88
+11.40
4-12.73
+4.22
+1.75
+16.02
-h6.14
—0.96
—5.60
-H-70
-6.36
+11.68
4-36.53
+6.70
+23.40
+12.21
4-26.15
-1-4-83
—1.24
+7.60
+4.00
4-1.01
+6.68
+4.80
+1.08
+4.23
-H.07
+7.60
+20.03
All Industbibs, .
$825,640,858
$860,771,876
,231,018
-{-6.86
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] INVESTMENT — MATERIALS— PRODUCT. 67
Analysis.
On pages 61 and 62 is given the amount of capital devoted
to production in the 4,696 establishments in each of the years
1900 and 1901. The total amount of capital in 1900 waa
$462,101,015, and in 1901, $478,075,904, an increase in the
latter year of $15,974,889, or 3.46 per cent.
The term ** capital " as used in these reports does not mean
assets, and the figures as here presented are comparable only
with others prepared upon a similar basis. Therefore, un-
warranted deductions should not be made as regards increase
or decrease in the amount of capital invested, nor should the
returns as given in this volume be compared with those pub-
lished in preceding years without consideration of all the
elements involved. The comparisons in these abstracts are
made upon the same basis each year, but each volume should
be considered by itself.
In our consideration of capital devoted to production, we
include the value of land, buildings, machinery, motive power,
tools, and implements (if owned), patterns, patent rights, etc.,
the amount of cash on hand and in bank, and the raw stock and
materials on hand or in process of manufacture at the date of
making the return. The aggregate amounts given as capital
devoted to production in the different industries, therefore,
include the actual capital of all forms found in the industry at
the time of making report.
Of the nine leading industries, six exhibit increases in capi-
tal devoted to production in 1901 as compared with 1900.
They are as follows : Boots and Shoes, 6.95 per cent ; Leather,
11.63 per cent; Machines and Machinery, 6.04 per cent;
Metals and Metallic Goods, 4.09 per cent; P^per, 0.94 per
cent ; and Worsted Goods, 1.56 per cent.
Three of the nine leading industries show decreases in
the amount of capital devoted to production in 1901 as
compared with 1900. They are: Carpetings, 1.46 percent;
Cotton Goods, 1.17 per cent; and Woollen Goods, 2.67 per
cent.
On pages 63^ and 64 is presented a comparison of the value
of the stock and materials used in the 4,696 establishments
Digitized by VjOOQIC
68 STATISTICS OP MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
during each of the years 1900 and 1901. The aggregate
value in 1900 was $471,452,564, and in 1901, $503,326,395,
an increase in the latter year of $31,873,831, or 6.76 per
cent.
Seven of the nine leading industries show percentages of
increase in 1901 as against 1900 as follows : Boots and Shoes,
14.03; Cotton Goods, 6.03; Leather, 11.84; Metals and
Metallic Goods, 12.78; Paper, 8.21; Woollen Goods, 1.29;
and Worsted Goods, 24.14.
Two of the leading industries show decreases in the value
of stock and materials used in 1901 as compared with 1900,
namely, Carpetings, 12.12 per cent, and Machines and Ma-
chinery, 1.89 per cent.
The presentation on pages 65 and 66 exhibits a comparison
of the value of goods made add work done in the 4,696
establishments, each of which made returns in 1900 and 1901.
The total value of goods made and work done in 1900 was
$825,540,858, and in 1901, $869,771,876, an increase in the
last named year of $44,231,018, or 5.36 per cent.
Sixty-three of the 80 classified industries show increases in
value of goods made and work done in 1901 as against 1900,
the range of increase being from 0.23 per cent in Drugs and
Medicines to 64.25 per cent in Oils and Illuminating Fluids.
The aggregate value of product in the 63 industries showing
increase was, in 1900, $577,680,373, and in 1901, $631,377,675,
a gain of $53,697,302, or 9.30 per cent.
Seventeen of the 80 classified industries show decreases in
value of goods made and work done in 1901 as compared with
1900, the percentages of decrease ranging from 0.12 per cent iti
Cordage and Twine to 21.85 per cent in Bicycles, Tricycles, etc.
The aggregate value of product in the 17 industries showing de-
crease in 1900 was $247,860,485, and in 1901, $238,394,201, a
decrease of $9,466,284, or 3.82 per cent.
The following table presents a comparison of the value of
goods made and work done for the nine leading industries :
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] INVESTMENT— MATERIALS— PRODUCT. 69
IVDUSTBIU.
Valus of Goods Made
AVD WOSK DOKB
1900
1901
IKCRKASK (+)
OK DBCRRASB (— ) IN
1901
Percent-
age!
Boots and 0I1OM (aggregate).
Factory product,
Boles, ^eels, and cut stock,
Bindings, .
Stitching, heeling, etc.,
Carpetings, .
Cotton goods (aggregate).
Woven goods, .
Yam and thread,
Waste,
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods.
Paper, ....
Woollen goods (aggregate)
Woven goods and yarn.
Shoddy, waste, etc., .
Worsted goods, .
Nine industries.
Other industries,
AU industries, .
$126,4n4T7
106,004,113
15,389,076
1,006,028
821,002
8,888,602
124,080,810
101,015,822
21,033,495
2,037,493
22,355,840
48,200,005
41,011,205
21,835,U9
40,805,404
88,985,180
1,880,218
82,805,027
400,080,085
868,450,703
825,540,858
$142,276,384
122,085,502
17,301,418
1,801,080
817,257
8,211,483
117,078,408
88,087,782
10,315,040
2,005,587
25,880,712
48,130,207
40,753,140
24,344,202
42,584,822
40,670,048
2,024,873
38,072,042
485,803,111
873,808,705
808,771,870
+$10,804,157
+14,031,450
+1,812,344
+205,008
—4,705
—187,118
—7,008,401
-2,818,040
—4,718,455
+28,004
+8,540,800
—124,038
+5,741,885
+2,608,088
+1,728,618
+1,584,803
+144,065
+0,807,015
+28,878,010
+14,358.002
+44,231,018
+13.88
+13.54
+12.43
+16.08
—1.40
—2.28
—6.05
—2.28
-22.43
+1.38
+15.84
—0.25
+14.00
+11.48
+4.28
+4.07
+7.08
+20.83
+0.41
+3.88
+5.30
In 1900, the aggregate value of goods made and work done
in the establishments compared in the nine leading industries
was $466,090,095, and in 1901, $495,963,111, representing
56.46 per cent of the total value of goods made and work
done in All Industries in 1900 and 57.02 per cent in 1901.
Three of the leading industries, namely, Carpetings, Cotton
Goods, and Machines and Machinery, show decreases in 1901
as compared with 1900.
The percentage of increase or decrease in the value of goods
made and work done in these 4,696 establishments is typical
of corresponding increase or decrease in all the establishments
carrying on the entire manufisicturing and mechanical industries
in the Commonwealth. Although only a comparatively small
number of establishments is shown in this annual comparison,
the value of goods made in them represents over 80 per cent
of the aggregate product value for the State in any year, and
any fluctuation in employment or in output shown in these
establishments would be reflected in the aggregate for all estab-
lishments were a complete canvass taken. Therefore, the per-
Digitized by VjOOQIC
70 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
centages of increase or decrease shown in the presentation on
pages 65 and 66, for each industry, may be taken as indicating
the rate of increase or decrease of all the establishments in the
specified industry.
In the following table, we bring the several industries into
classified groups showing the value of goods made and work
done in 1900 and 1901 and the percentages of increase or
decrease in the later over the earlier year :
Manufactures : By Classified industrial Groups,
IHDUSTBIAL OSOUPS.
VALUS op OOOD8 Madb
▲MD Work Donb
MOO
1001
Per-
centage!
of In-
crease (+)
or De-
crease (— )
In 1001
Animal.
FertilUera, . . .
Glne, IflinglMH, and starch,
Hair work (animal and human), .
Ivory, bone, ahell, and horn goods, etc.,
Tallow, candles, soap, and grease,
Clieinleal.
Chemical preparations (compounded), .
Drugs and medicines, ....
Mreworks and matches, ....
Dyestuffs,
_Ink, mucilage, and paste.
Oils and illuminating fluids, .
Paints, colors, and crude chemicals.
Perfumes, toilet articles, etc.,
Polishes and dressing, ....
Food.
Food preparations,
Liquors (bottled) and carbonated beverages,
Liquors (malt),
Liquors (distilled),
Iioatlier.
Boots and shoes.
Leather,
Leather goods*, ....
Saddlery and harness.
Arms and ammunition, . . . •
Artisans' tools,
Bicycles, tricycles, etc
Clocks and watches, ....
Cooking, lighting, and heating apparatus,
Blectrical apparatus and appliances,
Blectroplating,
Jewelry,
$10,302,403
1,726,947
1,387,973
371,981
2,287,426
4,678,126
13,326,674
1,874,078
4,984,178
132,766
428,608
616,183
1,834,461
1,668,602
183,682
2,216,182
94,838,876
79,088,774
1,041,768
11,901,161
2,862,182
162,410,027
126,471,177
22,366,846
8,476,226
1,106,779
79,864,987
2,769,076
8,848,786
1,347,302
4,220,062
8,071,998
11,279,266
174,018
9,822,602
$11,009,771
1,918,438
1,442,001
841,288
2,877,768
4,930,281
14,872,918
2,006,689
4,996,746
162,799
466,188
676,620
2,191,882
1,766,067
191,268
2,547,919
96,887,770
80,686,649
1,148,666
11,688,641
2,969,024
172,868,984
142,276,334
26,896,712
8,646,440
1,086,498
87,176,268
8,824,283
8,990,632
1,062,938
8,665,209
3,363,963
11,898,161
169,021
9,989,470
-f6.87
-f 11.09
+8.89
--8.24
+6.27
+7.69
+11.60
+7.01
+0.23
+16.09
+6.20
+11.91
+64.26
+6.88
+4.22
+16.02
+1.69
+2.02
+10.26
—2.67
+4.10
+18.41
+13.89
+16.84
+4.87
-6.86
+9.17
+38.61
+^.69
-21.86
—16.76
-f9-18
+5.49
—2.87
+1.70
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] INVESTMENT— MATERIALS — PRODUCT. 71
Manufactures : By Classified Industrial Groups — ContinuecL
INDUSTBIAL OBOUPS.
Metal — Con.
Metali and metalllo goods,
Beientiflc InBtnunents and appliances,
Metal and Wood.
Agricultural Implements,
Carriages and wagons, .
Furniture,
'"Machines and machinery.
Models, lasts, and patterns, .
Musical Instruments and materials.
Railroad construction and equipment.
Shipbuilding,
Miaeral.
Brick, tUes, and sewer pipe, .
Cement, kaolin, lime, and plaster, .
Crayons, pencils, crucibles, etc., .
Earthen, plaster, and stone ware, .
Emery and sand paper and doth, etc.,
"Glass,
Stone,
Paper.
Boxes (paper),
Paper,
_Paper goods,
Printing, publishing, and bookbinding,
Rubber.
Hose and belting : rubber, linen, etc., .
Rubber and elastic goods.
TexUle.
Awnings, sails, tents, etc., .
Buttons and dress trimmings,
~Carpeting8,
Clothing,
Cordage and twine
Cotton goods,
Flax, hemp, and jute goods, .
Hosiery and knit goods, ....
Print works, dye works, and bleacherles.
Silk and silk goods,
Woollen goods,
Worsted goods,
Boxes, barrels, kegs, etc..
Building materials
Burial cases, caskets, coffins, etc., .
Lumber,
Wooden goods,
Yalub op Goods Madk
AND WOKX DOMB
1900
$41,011,205
2,820,788
82,116,068
1,306,292
4,096,340
18,089,464
49,260,906
1,212,063
6,484,740
4,186,680
2,629,646
8,213,740
1,646,917
262,898
186,630
288,224
769,-809
864,349
4.804,913
41,601,445
2,667,153
21,885,119
7,796,912
9,802,261
81,462,483
839,253
31^23,230
282,979,671
n4,022
1,113,669
8,898,602
23,271,352
8,187,180
124,086,810
4,882,405
6,400,655
27.344,170
4,910,375
40,865,404
82,805,027
12,957,217
5,644,205
2,566,789
335,267
2,041,985
2,378,971
1901
$46,758,140
2,589,526
84,408,126
1,817,946
4,209,193
13|778,678
49,136,267
1,360,067
7,107,739
3,908,080
8,590,161
8,978,451
1,601,616
826,930
169,430
828,302
792,510
868,193
5,891,470
45,792,987
2,879,433
24,344,202
8,789,367
9,779,985
32,981,840
368,082
32,613,258
285,574,565
691,942
958,674
8,211,483
23,430,601
8,177,680
117,078,409
5,145,716
7,288,934
27,084,704
5,243,678
42,594,922
39,672,642
13,797,671
6,140,786
2,630,689
354,558
2,266,928
2,404,711
Per-
centages
ofln-
crease {+)
or De-
crease (— )
in 1901
+14.00
H-11.58
+2.79
+0.74
+2.78
+5.67
—0.25
+12.21
+10.46
—6.50
+36.53
+9.31
+3.54
+29.27
-9.22
+13.91
+2.95
+1.06
+12.21
+10.08
+7.96
+11.49
+12.73
+5.14
+4.88
+8.50
+4.79
+0.92
—3.09
—14.87
—2.23
+0.68
—0.12
—5.66
+5.39
+13.88
—0.95
+6.79
+4.28
+20.93
+6.49
+8.80
+2.89
+5.76
+11.02
+1.08
Digitized by VjOOQIC
72 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Manufactures : By Classified Industrial Groups — Concluded.
Industrial Qsoups.
HUseellaneoas.
Broome, bmeheB, and mops, .
Fancy articleB, etc.,
Fine arte and taxidermy, ....
Photographe and photographic materials,
Sporting and athletic goods, .
Straw and palm leaf goods, .
Tobacco, eniiff) and cigars,
Toys and games (childreu's).
Trunks and valises,
Whips, lashes, and stocks.
Valuk of Goods Made
AND WoBK Done
1900
$16,482,348
1,710,167
712,e23
47,634
686,637
692,643
6,263,986
4,423,316
719,970
170,469
1,206,024
1901
$16,988,026
1,726,924
864,191
46,272
646,664
731,339
6,198,686
4,604,342
733,766
181,861
1,265,001
Per-
centages
of In-
crease {+)
or De-
crease (— )
in 1901
H-3.27
H-0.98
+19.87
—4.96
+1.75
+23.40
—1.24
+4.09
+1.91
+6.68
+4.89
It will be seen from the above figures that the highest per-
centage of increase in 1901 as against 1900 appears in the
Leather group. The Textile group shows in a marked degree
the effect of the fluctuations in market values, the increase
being but ninety-two one-hundredths of one per cent in 1901 as
compared with 1900, yet the output of this group of industries
exceeds that of any other and the value of product is about
one-third of the aggregate product value of the State. None
of the groups show a decrease in value of goods made in 1901
as compared with 1900.
Considering the value of stock and materials used in con-
nection with the value of goods made and work done in the
nine leading industries, we present the following table :
INDUSTBIBS.
Pebcbntaoes of Incbeasb
(+) OE DkOBEASS (— )
IN 1901 IN THE Value op —
Stock Used
Goods Made
+14.03
+13.39
-12.12
-2.28
+6.03
—6.65
+11.84
+16.84
-1.89
—0.25
+12.78
+14.00
+8.21
+11.49
+1.29
+4.23
+24.14
+20.93
Boots and shoes, .
Carpetings,
Cotton goods.
Leather, ....
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods,
Paper, ....
Woollen goods,
Worsted goods.
Percentages of increase and decrease in the cost value of
stock used are accompanied by corresponding increase or
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] INVESTMENT — MATERIALS — PRODUCT. 73
decrease in value of goods made in the above industries, ex-
cept for Cotton Goods. Here we find that the value of stock
used increased 6.03 per cent, while the value of goods made
decreased 5.65 per cent. Confining our analysis to this indus-
try, we find that out of 157 establishments, 66 show increases
in the value of goods made in 1901 as against 1900. These
establishments produced goods to the value of $44,139,621 in
1900, and in 1901, $48,754,297, an increase in the latter year
of 10.45 per cent. Ninety-one establishments show decreases
in value of product in 1901 as compared with 1900. The
value of output in these establishments was $79,947,189 in
1900, and $68,324,112 in 1901, a decrease in the latter year of
14.54 per cent. The product of the 66 establishments show-
ing increase represented 35.57 per cent of the aggregate value
of goods made in this industry in 1900, and 41.64 per cent
of the aggregate value in 1901.
The cost value of all stock and materials used, as stated above,
shows an increase of 6.03 per cent. The cost of raw cotton, the
principal article of stock, was in 1900, $0.08473, and in 1901,
$0.09891 per pound, an increase in 1901 as compared with 1900
of 16.74 per cent. We find, too, that in 1901 less cotton was
used than in 1900, the figures from 113 identical establishments
making a report in both of the years being 479,768,354 pounds
in 1900, as against 450,765,718 pounds in 1901. Thecostvalue
of same in 1900 was $40,648,725, and in 1901, $44,584,673.
The quantity used shows a decrease of 6.05 per cent while the
aggregate cost value shows an increase of 9.68 per cent.
Comparing those establishments which made a return of the
kind and quantity of goods made in each of the years, we
secure the following table :
Quantity and Value of Cotton Goods Made,
Basis
of
Measure-
ment
AOOSKOATB
SUJJNO Valcbs
1900
1001
1000
1001
Cotton cloth, ....
Dress goods
Dress goods, ....
Duck,
Fancy woven fabrics.
Fancy woven fabrics.
pounds
pounds
yards
pounds
pounds
yards
132,923,606
12,329,821
137,345,426
2,928,111
3,039,402
U,266,780
126,693,048
12,129,163
176,293,897
2,994,138
3,081,094
18,432,861
$32,846,617
2,694,488
8,612,414
488360
2,016,890
1,231,044
$31,874,430
2,901,446
9,869,285
687,190
2^40,888
1,505,624
Digitized by VjOOQIC
74 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTUKES. [Pub. Doc.
Quantiiy and Value of Cotton Qoods Made — Concluded.
KiMDt or QOOD8 Mads.
of
Ifeaiure-
meut
QUANTRIU
1900
1001
AOOBSOATB
SkLUKQ VALDEa
1001
Flannel, ....
Gingham
Print cloth, ....
Sewing cotton, .
SheetlngB and Bhirtings, .
SheetingB and shirtings, .
Ticks, denims, stripes, etc.,
Ticks, denims, stripes, etc.,
Yam,
yards
pounds
pounds
dozen
pounds
yards
pounds
yards
pounds
51,144,067
6,642,704
57,077,712
11,268,172
83,246,241
24,716,824
20,601,616
19,661,480
68,651,814
68,814,200
6,846,287
67.807,606
11,786,688
81,188,467
26,778,766
20,268,876
19,929,068
60,991,189
$8,229,897
2,406,016
18,881,600
2,544,440
6,962,675
1,661,129
4,264,112
1,366,966
17,006,012
$3,096,608
2,468,147
13,868,285
2,440,224
6,987,672
1,701,779
4,196,744
1,606,232
13,712,820
It should be borne in mind that these reports are made by
identical establishments. That is to say, 37 establishments
reported the manufacture of 132,923,606 pounds of cotton
cloth in 1900, valued at $32,846,617, and these same estab-
lishments returned an output of 125,593,043 pounds, valued at
$31,874,430, in 1901.
In the next table, we show the average prices in 1900 and
1901 for each of the above named articles based upon the
foregoing table.
Knioa OF Goods Made.
AVBRAGB SBLLINO PHICES
of
MeMore-
ment
1900
1001
pounds
$0.24711
$0.26379
pounds
0.21863
0.23921
yards
0.06196
0.06624
pounds
0.16678
0.17941
pounds
0.66358
0.75960
yards
0.10986
0.11209
yards
0.06815
0.06754
pounds
0.36806
0.38898
pounds
0.24233
0.23108
dozen
0.22681
0.20793
pounds
0.20948
0.22244
yards
0.06681
0.06601
pounds
0.20649
0.20706
yards
0.06987
0.07548
pounds
0.24806
0.22483
Cotton cloth,
Dress goods.
Dress goods,
Duck
Fancy woven fabrics,
Fancy woven fabrics,
Flannel
Gingham, ....
Print doth, ....
Sewing cotton, .
Sheetings and shirtings, .
Sheetings and shirtings, .
Ticks, denims, stripes, etc.,
Ticks, denims, stripes, etc..
Yam,
The average selling value of cotton cloth was a fraction less
than 2% cents per pound in 1900 and a fraction more than
2% cents in 1901, Six of the articles show a lower average
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] INVESTMENT — MATERIALS — PRODUCT. 75
selling value in 1901 than in 1900, and in the instance of cotton
yarn the decrease is quite marked. The next table shows the
percentages of increase or decrease in the quantity of goods
manufactured, in total selling value, and in the average selling
price per unit of measurement in 1901 as compared with 1900 :
KiiffDS or Goods Madk.
Cotton cloth, .
Drefli goocU,
Dress goocUi,
Duck
Fancy woven fsbrlos,
FftDcy woven fmbrios,
Flannel
Gingham, ....
Print cloth,
Sewing cotton, .
Sheetings and shirtings, .
Sheetings and shirtings, .
Ticks, denims, stripes, etc.,
Ticks, denims, stripes, etc..
Yam
Basis
of
Measure-
ment
pounds
pounds
yards
pounds
pounds
yards
yards
pounds
pounds
dozen
pounds
yards
pounds
yards
pounds
PsBcmTAon ov Ihobbass (+) ob
DBOBBASB (-) IN ll»01
▲8 COMPABBD WITH 19«0 IN —
Quantities
-6.61
— l.M
+27. «8
+2.26
+1.37
+10.88
+6.22
-8.02
+1.28
+4.16
-«.1»
+4.80
—1.62
+1.88
—11.08
Aggrregate
values
—2.96
+7.68
+15.82
+10.00
+16.04
+22.80
—4.18
+2.60
-3.42
—4.10
—0.36
+3.07
-1.36
+10.78
—10.36
Average
Prices
+2.70
+9.46
—9.26
+7.67
+14.47
+2.60
—8.88
+6.69
—4.64
—7.92
+6.21
—1.20
+0.28
+8.74
-9.87
The proper method of reading this table is as follows :
Those establishments producing cotton cloth turned out 5.51
per cent less in 1901 than in 1900 and received 2.96 per cent
less in aggregate value although the average price per pound
of product increased 2.70 per cent. Those establishments man-
ufacturing dress goods by the yard produced 27.63 per cent
more in 1901 than in 1900, received 15.82 per cent more in ag-
gregate value, but the average selling value per yard decreased
9.26 per cent. Those establishments manufacturing cotton
yam produced 11.03 per cent less in 1901 than in 1900,
received 19.36 per cent less in aggregate value, and the aver-
age selling value per pound decreased 9.37 per cent. Other
lines may be read in a similar manner.
The value of the output in the establishments considered in
the above table was $101,034,640 in 1900, and $98,433,674
in 1901, representing 81.42 per cent of the aggregate value
of production in this industry in 1900 and 84.08 per cent in
1901.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
76 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Labor and its Oompensation.
The statistical presentations under this subject head cover
the persons employed in 4,696 industrial establishments for
each of the years 1900 and 1901, as well as the total amount
paid in wages, the average annual earnings, and a classification
of the rates of weekly wages. It should be borne in mind
that the persons enumerated are wage earners only ; officers,
clerks, salesmen, or other salaried persons are not included.
The data are arranged as follows :
1. The average number of males and females employed for
each of the years 1900 and 1901.
2. The average number of persons employed of both sexes,
and the smallest and greatest number of persons employed at
periods of employment of the smallest and greatest number.
By the terms periods of emplbjonent of smallest number and
periods of employment of greatest number are meant those
times, as regards aggregate number of persons employed, when
the smallest or greatest number, respectively, was employed.
3. The range of employment and unemployment in 1900
and 1901 ; that is to say, the difference between the greatest
and the smallest number of persons employed, with the in-
crease or decrease in ** range" in 1901 as compared with 1900
expressed in numbers and percentages.
4. The aggregate number of persons employed of both
sexes month by month during each of the years 1900 and
1901, together with the percentages of employment and un-
employment for each of the nine leading industries and for All
Industries.
5. The total amount paid in wages during each of the years
1900 and 1901 and the average yearly earnings for both years,
based upon the average number of persons employed, without
regard to sex or age, and the total amount paid in wages.
6. Classified weekly wages for the nine leading industries
and for All Industries for adult males and females and for
young persons irrespective of sex, for each of the years 1900
and 1901.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] LABOR AND ITS COMPENSATION.
77
AVEKAGE NUMBEE OF
PERSONS EMPLOYED: BY SEX AND
INDUSTRIES.
1900, 1901.
[In this presentation, the average number of males, females, and both sexes for each
indtistry is shown. The total number of establishments is 4,696, and the number of
establishments in each industry Is as giyen In the presentation on pages 44 to 47. It should
be borne in mind that the x)ersons here enumerated are wage earners only; officers, clerks,
or other salaried persons are not included.]
iNnnsTBns.
Agricultural implements,
Arms and ammunition,
Artisans' tools,
Awnings, sails, tents, etc..
Bicycles, tricycles, etc
Boots and shoes,
Boots and shoes (factory product).
Soles, heels, and cut stock,
Boot and shoe findings, .
Stitching, heeling, etc.,
Boxes, barrels, kegs, etc., .
Boxes (paper), . . . ...
Brick, tiles, and sewer pipe,
Brooms, brushes, and mops,
Building materials, . . . .
Burial cases, caskets, coffins, etc.,
Buttons and dress trimmings, .
Carpetings,
Carriages and wagons
Cement, kaolin, lime, and plaster,
Chemical preparations (compounded), .
Clocks and watches
Clothing,
Cooking, lighting, and heating apparatus,
Cordage and twine,
Cotton goods,
Cotton goods (woven), . . . .
Cotton yam and thread, . . . .
Cotton waste,
Crayons, pencils, crucibles, etc..
Drugs and medicines,
Dyestuffs,
Earthen, plaster, and stone ware,» .
Electrical apparatus and appliances.
Electroplating,
Emery and sand paper and cloth, etc..
Fancy articles, etc..
Fertilizers,
Fine arts and taxidermy,
Fireworks and matches.
1,889
2,405
188
746
34,919
3,054
384
168
2,792
710
1,372
502
1,167
154
431
2,158
1,961
129
511
1,304
3,160
1,800
1,516
47,689
41,456
5,869
264
45
437
92
163
4,585
110
295
171
223
23
63
Females
157
48
75
17
18,417
16,203
1,478
369
367
418
1,708
7
475
3
20
573
2,172
18
4
1,668
7,464
13
969
43,416
37,948
5,328
140
46
437
35
919
17
Both
Sexes
2,046
2,453
768
56,942
51,122
4,532
753
535
3,210
2,418
1,879
977
1,170
174
1,004
4,380
1,979
129
515
2,972
10,624
1,813
2,485
91,005
79,404
11,197
404
91
874
121
198
5,504
127
394
227
23
664
2,444
42,733
38,863
3,283
436
151
2,952
731
1,420
608
1,211
2,275
1,972
159
540
1,484
3,232
1,830
1,530
46,561
40,878
5,409
274
45
430
94
183
5,076
111
350
210
216
23
78
Females
207
49
13
19,596
17,455
1,376
416
349
440
1,819
7
498
3
20
516
19
3
1,822
7,599
11
1,066
43,108
37,665
5,403
140
46
394
21
37
1,014
11
5
Both
Sexes
664
2,651
2,618
278
671
62,329
56,318
4,659
852
500
2,550
1,427
1,006
1,214
183
851
4,573
1,991
159
543
3,306
10,831
1,841
78,443
10,812
414
91
824
115
6,090
122
355
446
216
24
102
Digitized by VjOOQIC
78 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
AVERAGE NUMBER OP PERSONS EMPLOYED: BY SEX AND
INDUSTRIES — 1900, 1901 — Concluded.
IWDUSTBIXS.
IINM
Pemle. Bo^^
Femalea
Sexei
Flax, hemp, and jute goods,
Food preparations,
Furniture
Glass,
Glue, isinglass, and starch, .
Hair work (animal and human),
Hose and belting : rubber, linen, etc.,
Hosiery and knit goods.
Ink, mucilage, and paste, .
Ivory, bone, shell, and horn goods, etc..
Jewelry,
Leather,
Leather goods,
Liquors (bottled) and carbonated beyer-
ages,
Liquors (malt).
Liquors (distilled),
Limiber, .
Machines and machinery, . . . .
Metals and metallic goods, . . . .
Models, lasts, and patterns.
Musical instruments and materials, .
Oils and illuminating fluids.
Paints, colors, and crude chemicals, .
Paper,
Paper goods,
Perfumes, toilet articles, etc..
Photographs and photographic materials,
Polishes and dressing, . . . .
Printing, publishing, and bookbinding, .
Print worts, dye works, and bleacheries.
Railroad construction and equipment,
Rubber and elastic goods, . . . .
Saddlery and harness, ....
ScientMc instruments and appliances.
Shipbuilding,
Silk and silk goods, ....
Sporting and athletic goods.
Stone,
8uarried,
ut and monumental.
Straw and palm leaf goods.
Tallow, candles, soap, and grease, .
Tobacco, snuff, and ciflrars, .
Toys and games (children's), .
Trunks and valises
Whips, lashes, and stocks,
Wooden goods.
Woollen goods.
Woven goods and yam.
Shoddy, waste, etc., .
Worsted goods.
All Industries,
1,422
6,664
5,080
368
40
1,210
3,468
196
1,548
40
635
27,991
18,795
601
2,919
109
6,495
1,666
13
108
156
2,925
6,241
2,763
6,391
340
1,299
1,439
924
241
4,231
2,224
2,007
1,087
789
1,667
429
81
884
1,417
13,800
13,194
606
7,627
258,682
1,626
3,128
703
16
43
66
32
4,864
42
217
1,978
60
286
8
341
1,865
8
217
12
3,478
2,019
21
100
196
1,619
1,215
2
4,294
174
376
1,627
137
1,823
96
692
106
11
142
96
7,738
7,659
79
6,667
2,947
9,792
6,788
401
140
70
6,846
82
1,427
6,441
6,883
1,218
204
1,648
40
635
3,136
121
257
8,973
3,685
34
208
351
4,544
6,456
2,765
10,685
614
1,676
1,439
2,551
378
4,231
2,224
2,007
2,860
884
2,359
1.512
21,538
14,294
127,421
386,103
1,626
6,689
6,228
364
39
2,120
44
1,137
3,596
6,507
973
206
1,644
85
549
27,154
20,818
629
3,063
128
245
5,780
1,796
11
113
180
2,868
5,364
6,796
281
1,299
1,780
928
306
4,634
2,475
2,159
1,031
436
891
1,889
14,040
13,883
667
9,063
269,324
1,719
3,286
721
17
60
63
43
4,888
245
2,017
94
364
1,977
7
270
20
3,603
2,077
20
103
189
1,689
1,239
2
4,246
106
408
1,586
174
92
724
100
11
137
102
8,036
7,960
76
7,133
3,245
9,924
5,949
286
414
142
82
96
1,382
6,615
6,601
1,263
211
1,644
36
549
27,508
22,296
686
137
265
9,383
3,878
31
216
369
4,567
6,603
11,044
887
1,707
1,780
2,514
480
4,684
2.475
2,169
2,851
916
2,413
685
108
1,491
22,076
21,848
783
16,196
130,673 399,997
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] LABOR AND ITS COMPENSATION.
79
SMALLEST, GKEATEST, AND AVEKAGE
NUMBER OF PERSONS EMPLOYED:
BY INDUSTRIES.
1900, 1901.
[This presentation stiows the average number of persons empioyed, and the number of
persons employed at periods of employment of smallest and greatest number, respectively.
It should be borne in mind that the number of persons here enumerated are wage earners
only; officers, clerks, or other salaried persons are not included.]
IimnsTims.
IINM
Aver-
age
Kumber
Small-
est
Number
Great-
est
Number
1901
Aver-
age
Number
SmaU-
est
Number
Great-
est
Number
Agricultural implements,
Arms and ammunition,
Artisans' tools,
Awnings, sails, tents, etc.,
3icycles, tricycles, etc.,
Boots and shoes, ....
Boots and shoes (factory product)
Soles, heels, and cut stock.
Boot and shoe findings, .
Stitching, heeling, etc..
Boxes, barrels, kegs, etc., .
Boxes (paper), ....
Brick, tiles, and sewer pipe,
\Brooms, brushes, and mops,
'Building materials,
Burial cases, caskets, coffius, etc.,
Buttons and dress trimmlngB, .
1).
Carpetings,
Xarriages and wagons, .
Cement, kaolin, lime, and plaster,
Chemical preparations (coinpouudei]
Clocks and watches,
Clothing
^Cooking, lighting, and heating' apparatus,
'Cordage and twine,
Cotton goods,
Cotton goods (woven).
Cotton yam and thread, .
Cotton waste, ....
Crayons, pencils, crucibles, etc.,
«Drug8 and medicines,
Dyestuffs,
Earthen, plaster, and stone ware,
Electrical apparatus and appliances,
Electroplating, ....
Emery and sand paper and cloth, etc.
-Eancy articles, etc..
Fertilizers,
Fine arts and taxidermy.
Fireworks and matches,
2,046
2,453
26a
763
56,942
51,122
4,632
753
535
3,210
2,418
1,379
mi
1,170
174
1,004
4,330
1,979
129
515
2,972
10,624
1,813
2,485
91,005
79,404
11,197
404
91
874
121
198
5,504
127
394
227
23
85
566
1,650
2,153
183
387
44,906
40,361
3,583
587
375
2,818
2,106
676
875
979
161
816
3,627
1,510
112
463
2,788
8,368
1,420
2,088
84,598
73,792
10,439
367
66
201
4,916
103
278
712
2,480
2,740
359
1,131
68,054
60,970
6,422
930
732
3,663
2,778
2,494
1,094
1,379
182
1,189
4,611
2,469
150
560
3,148
12,321
2,082
2,760
95,486
82,950
12,104
432
115
1,222
143
137
20
70
152
316
690
27
113
6(34
2,651
2,618
278
671
62,329
56,318
4,659
852
500
3,393
2,550
1,427
1,006
1,214
183
861
4,573
1,991
159
543
3,306
10,831
1,841
2,5%
89,669
78,443
10,812
414
91
824
115
220
6,090
122
366
446
216
24
102
568
1,794
2,395
191
328
50,867
46,926
407
3,006
2,221
652
911
988
177
4,323
1,607
114
478
3,054
8,686
i,6a5
2,156
80,423
70,422
9,605
179
5,145
103
312
239
189
23
742
3,217
2,836
384
1,131
73,4^
66,327
5,474
1,007
623
3,804
3,053
2,494
1,132
1,486
189
1,006
4,860
2,417
197
648
3,504
12,533
2,092
2,958
95,762
82,902
12,424
436
111
1,210
147
265
6,975
147
387
672
283
28
134
Digitized by VjOOQIC
80
STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
SMALLEST, GRBATEST, AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PERSONS
EMPLOYED: BY INDUSTRIES — 1900, 1901 — Concluded.
Jjmvmams.
Aver-
age
Number
Small-
est
Humber
Great-
est
Number
1901
Arer-
age
Number
Small-
est
Number
Great-
est
Number
Flax, hemp, and Jute goods,
J^Dod preparations,
Furniture, ....
Glass,
Glue, isinglass, and starch, . . . .
Hair work (animal and human),
Jiose and belting: rubber, linen, etc.,
Hosiery and knit goods, . . . .
Ink, mucilage, and paste, ....
Ivory, bone, shell, and horn goods, etc., .
Jewelry,
Leather, .
Teatr
ather goods,
Liquors (bottled) and carbonated bever-
ages
Liquors (malt).
Liquors (distilled),
Lumber,
Machines and machinery, .
Metals and metallic goods, .
Models, lasts, and patterns,
])l|usical instruments and materials,
^Oils and illuminating fluids.
Paints, colors, and crude chemicals, .
Paper,
Paper goods
Perfumes, toilet articles, etc., .
.Photographs and photographic materials,
Polishes and dressing,
Printing, publishing, and bookbinding^, .
Print works, dye works, and bleacheries.
Railroad construction and equipment,
Rubber and elastic goods
Saddlery and harness, ....
Scientinc instruments and appliances.
Shipbuilding,
Silk and silk goods, ....
. Sporting and athletic goods.
Stone
guarried,
ut and monumental.
Straw and palm leaf goods,
Tallow, candles, soap, and grease, .
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars, .
. Toys and games (children's).
Trunks and valises
Whips, lashes, and stocks, .
Wooden goods,
Woollen goods.
Woven goods and yam, .
Shoddy, waste, etc., .
Worsted goods,
2,947
9,782
6,788
286
401
140
70
6,846
1,427
6,441
6,888
1,218
204
1,648
40
686
28,332
20,660
609
3,136
121
267
8,973
3,686
34
208
351
4,644
6,466
2,766
10,686
614
1,676
1,439
2,561
378
4,231
2,224
2,007
2,860
884
2,359
634
92
1,612
21,638
20,863
686
14,294
2,603
8,123
4,789
144
304
74
68
6,163
1,187
4,334
4,684
1,060
141
1,423
37
496
24,164
17,283
610
2,792
102
227
7,682
3,316
30
176
248
4,089
6,364
2,540
8,662
430
1,656
901
2,171
257
2,291
1,164
1,137
707
786
2,008
349
64
453
1,276
17,864
17,386
469
8,536
8,242
11,862
6,766
683
182
77
7,500
99
1,747
6,668
7,106
1,426
294
1,669
46
642
31,906
23,670
721
3,417
139
284
9,986
4,019
39
243
429
4,920
7,268
3,033
12,109
602
1,776
2,137
2,866
613
6,922
8,178
2,744
4,843
977
2,634
717
114
686
1,739
24,131
23,220
911
16,996
8,246
9,924
6,949
414
142
82
7,008
96
1,382
6,616
6,601
1,263
2U
1,644
36
649
27,608
3,363
137
266
9,383
3,873
31
216
369
4,557
6,603
2,822
11,044
387
1,707
1,780
2,514
480
4,634
2,475
2,159
2,851
916
2,413
536
103
1,491
22,076
21,343
733
16,196
8,060
8,184
4,908
182
887
126
68
6,282
72
1,118
4,494
6,661
1,097
166
1,440
34
23,279
19,349
627
3,020
llfi
2,660
9,784
1,548
1,173
2,372
299
3,213
1,613
1,600
796
836
2,106
355
67
470
1,270
18,488
17,928
660
13,394
3,379
12,066
6,913
162
87
7,728
128
1,687
7,007
7,682
1,624
307
1,666
37
648
31,696
24,999
764
3,729
153
8,101
10,267
3,422
4341
26
38
177
260
277
449
4,124
6,022
6,920
7,209
3,068
12,648
480
1,912
2,562
2,706
636
6,219
8,486
2,783
4,796
998
2,777
741
131
1,726
24,615
23,666
960
18,262
ALL Industries,
386,103
322,200
440,363
399,997
339,406
456,137
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] LABOR AND ITS COMPENSATION.
81
EANGB OF EMPLOYMEN^T AND UNEM-
PLOYMENT: BY INDUSTKLES.
1900, 1901.
[In this presentation y the exoeis of greatest over smallest nnmber of persons, as obtained
from the tables on pages 79 and 80, is shown, and a comparison is made between the two years.
The relative Increase or decrease in the excess of greatest over smallest number employed in
1901 as compared with 1900 is given with its equivalent percentage. It should be borne in mind
that the persons here enumerated are wage earners only ; officers, clerks, or other salaried per-
sons are not included.]
iMnnsTBixs.
Agricultural implements,
Arms and ammunition, ....
Artisans' tools,
Awnings, sails, tents, etc., .
Bicycles, tricycles, etc., ....
Boots and shoes,
Boots and shoes (factory product), .
Soles, heels, and cut stock.
Boot and shoe findings,
Stitching, heeling, etc
Boxes, barrels, kegs, etc
Boxes (paper)
Brick, tiles, and sewer pipe, .
Brooms, brushes, and mops, .
Building materials,
BurisJ cases, caskets, coffins, etc..
Buttons and dress trimmings,
Oarpetings,
Carriages and wagons
Cement, kaolin, lUne, and plaster.
Chemical preparations (compounded).
Clocks and watches, ....
Clothing,
Cooking, lighting, and heating apparatus,
Cordage and twine,
Cotton goods,
Cotton goods (woven).
Cotton yarn and thread.
Cotton waste,
Crayons, pencils, crucibles, etc., .
Drugs and medicines
Byestuffs,
Earthen, plaster, and stone ware, .
Blectrical apparatus and appliances, .
Electroplatmg,
Emery and sand paper and cloth, etc., .
Fancv articles, etc., ....
Fertilizers,
Fine arts and taxidermy,
fireworks and matches, ....
EXCKSS OF Gbeatbst
OvKK Smallest
Ndmbbb of Psbsons
Emplotbd
1900
156
830
687
176
744
23,148
20,609
1,839
343
357
845
672
1,818
219
400
21
373
984
959
38
97
360
3,953
662
672
10,888
9,158
1,665
65
50
695
49
63
1,172
49
621
249
7
43
1001
174
1,423
440
193
22,664
20,402
1,606
340
216
799
832
1,842
221
498
12
337
527
810
83
170
450
3,848
397
802
15,339
12,480
2,819
40
42
655
76
44
75
94
6
65
INCBEASB (+)
OR BBCRBASB (— ) IM
1001
Number Percentages
+18
+593
—147
+17
+59
-684
—207
-233
—3
—141
-46
+160
+24
+2
+98
—9
—36
—457
—149
+45
+73
+90
—105
—265
+130
+4,451
+3,322
+1,154
—25
—8
—40
+36
+13
+658
— 5
+37
—155
2
+22
+11.54
+71.45
—25.04
+9.66
+7.93
-2.52
—1.00
—12.67
—0.88
—39.50
—5.44
+23.81
+1.32
+0.91
+24.50
—42.86
^9.66
-46.44
—15.54
+118.42
+75.26
+25.00
-2.66
-40.03
+19.35
+40.88
-4-36.27
+69.31
—38.46
—16.00
—5.76
+73.47
+20.63
+56.14
—10.20
+97.37
—16.89
—62.25
—28.57
+51.16
Digitized by VjOOQIC
82
STATISTICS OP MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
RANGE OF EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT:
TRIES — 1900, 1901 — Concluded.
BY INDUS-
iHDUSTBIBa.
Flax, hemp, and jute goodi, .
Food preparations,
Furniture,
GlasB,
Qlue, islngiasB, and atarch, .
Hair work (animal and human) , .
Hose and belting : rubber, linen, etc., .
Hosiery and knit goods, ....
Ink, mucilage, and paste.
Ivory, bone, shell, and horn goods, etc..
Jewelry,
Leather,
Leather goods,
Liquors (bottled) and carbonated beveragei
Liquors (malt),
Liquors (distilled)
Lumber
Machines and machinery,
M etais and metallic goods,
Models, lasts, and patterns, .
Musical instruments and materials,
Oils and illuminating fluids, .
Paints, colors, and crude chemicals, .
Paper,
Paper goods,
Perfumes, toilet articles, etc..
Photographs and photographic materials,
Polishes and dressing, ....
Printing, publishing, and bookbinding,
Print works, dye works, and bleacheries.
Railroad construction and equipment, .
Rubber and elastic goods,
Saddlery and harness, ....
Scientific instruments and appliances, .
Shipbuilding
Silk and silk goods, ....
Sporting and athletic goods, .
Stone,
Quarried,
Cut and monumental, ....
Straw and palm leaf goods, .
Tallow, candles, soap, and grease.
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars.
Toys ana games (children's) ,
Trunks and valises
Whips, lashes, and stocks, .
Wooden goods,
Woollen goods,
Woven goods and yam,
Shoddv, waste, etc., ....
Worsted goods,
All Indxjbtbibs, ....
EXCBSS OF GKRATKST
Oymb, Smallest
NUMBBS OF PbBSOHS
Emplotbd
IINM
8,729
1,967
209
829
108
19
1,847
80
600
2,824
2,522
867
158
286
8
146
7,752
6,887
211
625
87
57
2,304
708
9
67
181
881
1,904
3,447
172
220
1,286
695
256
8,631
2,024
1,607
4,136
192
626
868
50
182
468
6,277
5,885
442
8,460
118,163
19«1
299
8,921
2,010
160
801
86
24
1,441
56
609
2,513
2,081
427
162
216
8
179
8,416
5,650
237
709
87
48
2,166
919
12
73
172
898
1,289
518
2,864
161
864
1.389
833
337
3,006
1,878
1,133
8,999
158
671
886
64
120
456
6,127
5.787
390
4,868
116,782
INCBBABB (+)
OK DBCBBASB (—) XH
Kunyber Percentages
—850
-f-192
—69
-72
+5
+94
+26
+»
+189
—491
+60
—1
—21
-6
+«8
+664
—787
+28
+84
—9
-138
+216
+3
+«
—9
+«7
—615
+25
—583
-21
+144
+153
—862
+81
—625
—151
—474
—187
—12
—7
—150
-8,592
—1,431
»58.98
+6.15
+2.19
—28.23
-8.51
—66.67
+26.82
+6.98
+86.67
+1.61
+8.13
—19.47
+16.36
-0.66
—8.90
—62.50
+22.60
+8.57
—11.64
+12.32
+18.44
—15.79
—6.99
+80.73
+83.88
+8.96
—4.97
+8.06
—82.30
+5.07
—16.91
-12.21
+66.45
+12.88
-52.09
+31.64
-17.21
—7.46
—29.60
—3.81
—17.71
+7.19
+4.89
+28.00
—9.09
—1.61
—2.89
—1.68
—11.76
-42.46
-1.21
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] LABOR AND ITS COMPENSATION.
83
PEKSONS EMPLOYED — BOTH SEXES.
AGGKEGATES, BY MONTHS.
1900, 1901.
[This presentation shows, for the nine leading Industries and for All Industries, the
aggregate number of persons employed during each month of the years 1900 and 1901,
together with percentages of employment and unemployment based on the month when
the greatest number of persons was employed ; this greatest number has been considered
as 100 per cent and the variations from this percentage month by month indicate the
fluctuations in employment. It should be borne in mind that the persons here enumerated
are wage earners only ; officers, clerks, or other salaried persons are not included. Con-
siderations of space have led to the curtailment of the presentation to the nine leading
industries, but the figures in detail for any of the 80 classified industries may be obtained
upon application to this Department.]
INDUSTKIES AND MOKTH8.
Boots and Shoes.
January, ....
February, ....
March, ....
April, ....
May,
June,
July
August, ....
September,
October, ....
November,
December,
January,
February, .
March,
April,
May, . .
June, .
July, .
August, .
September,
October, .
November,
December,
Carj)eting8.
January,
February, .
March,
April,
May, . .
June, .
July. . .
August, .
September,
October, .
November,
December,
Cotton Goods.
19—
Nomberof
Persons
Employed
in Estab-
lishments
Con-
sidered
68,586
59,441
59,765
57,203
55,739
53,508
52,468
56,047
67,106
67,211
57,648
58,062
4,504
4,491
4,267
8,759
4,371
4,484
4,488
4,600
4,535
8,803
4,315
4,486
90,681
91,196
92,311
91,414
91,852
91,879
90,527
88,788
89,065
90,696
91,720
92,286
Prrckntaqks
o»—
ployment
98.03
99.46
100.00
95.71
93.26
89.63
87.79
98.78
95.56
96.73
96.28
97.15
99.82
99.03
94.09
82.89
96.38
98.88
97.86
99.23
100.00
88.86
96.15
98.92
98.23
98.79
100.00
99.03
96.96
99.58
98.07
96.18
96.48
96.25
99.86
99.97
Unem-
ployment
1.97
0.64
4.29
6.74
10.47
12.21
6.22
4.46
4.27
3.72
2.85
0.68
0.97
5.91
17.11
3.62
1.12
2.14
0.77
16.14
4.85
1.08
1.77
1.21
0.97
1.04
0.47
1.93
8.82
8.52
1.75
0.64
0.03
Number of
Persons
Employed
in Estab-
lishments
Con-
sidered
61,003
61,792
63,036
61,561
61,208
60,099
60.170
63,331
63,966
63,644
63,889
63,840
4,614
4,600
4,600
4,360
4,469
4,.'^29
4,662
4,505
4,585
4,685
4,670
4,797
91,618
91,488
91,588
85,602
87,989
88,177
86,967
88,241
88,668
89,776
92,613
PCSCBNTAOKS
OF —
Em- Unem-
ployment! ployment
95.34
96.67
98.62
96.21
96.66
93.93
94.04
98.98
100.00
99.47
99.86
98.99
96.19
95.89
98.81
90.89
93.16
94.41
96.10
98.91
96.58
97.67
97.36
100.00
98.28
96.14
98.25
91.83
94.89
94.69
98.28
94.66
96.12
96.30
100.00
99.85
4.66
3.48
1.48
8.79
4.84
6.07
5.96
1.02
0.63
0.16
1.01
8.81
4.11
6.19
9.11
6.84
5.59
4.90
6.09
4.42
2.33
2.65
1.72
1.86
1.76
8.17
5.61
6.41
6.72
5.34
4.88
8.70
0.65
Digitized by VjOOQIC
84 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
PERSONS EMPLOYED— BOTH SEXES. AGGREGATES, BY MONTHS
— 1900, 1901 — Continued.
i»eo
1901
Number of
Persons
PXBCBIITAQKS
Number of
Persons
IKDDBTBIXS AMD MONTHS.
Employed
in Estab-
lishments
CJon-
0»
Employed
in Estab-
lishments
Con-
ov
Em-
Unem-
Em-
Unem-
sidered
ployment
ployment
iidered
ployment
ployment
Leather,
k
January
6,232
100.00
_
6,446
94.68
6.82
February,
6,146
98.62
1.88
6,617
96.74
4.26
March.
6,226
99.90
0.10
6,676
96.69
8.41
AprU,
5,»60
96.64
4.86
6,492
96.87
4.68
May, .
5,900
94.67
6.38
6,666
96.81
8.69
Juue, .
6,566
89.81
10.69
6,680
96.67
8.88
July, .
6,493
88.14
11.86
6,687
96.77
3.28
August,
September
6,586
89.68
10.37
6,677
98.09
1.91
6,741
92.12
7.88
6,692
96.84
8.16
October,
6,693
91.86
8.66
6,668
97.88
2.12
November,
6,772
92.62
7.88
6688
98.26
1.76
December,
6,998
96.16
3.84
6,807
100.00
-
Machines and Machinery.
January,
27,306
95.40
4.60
28,825
100.00
-
February,
27,986
97.60
2.40
28,668
99.11
0.89
March,
28,481
99.88
0.67
27,912
96.88
8.17
April,
May. .
28,080
97.92
2.08
27,690
96.72
4.28
28,480
99.82
0.68
26,908
98.86
6.65
June, .
28,624
100.00
-
26,982
90.14
9.86
July, .
28,477
99.49
0.51
26,604
92.29
7.71
August.
28,462
99.40
0.60
27,081
98.78
6.22
September
28,524
99.66
0.86
27,488
95.19
4.81
October,
28,600
99.92
0.08
27,766
96.29
8.71
November
28,604
99.98
0.07
27,691
96.07
8.98
December,
28,321
98.94
1.06
27,688
96.71
4.29
Metals and Metallic Goods.
January,
21,566
99.28
0.77
21,297
91.71
8.29
February,
21,732
100.00
21,896
92.18
7.87
March,
21,544
99.13
0.87
21,668
98.26
6.74
April.
21,331
98.16
1.86
22,064
94.97
6.08
May, .
21,028
96.76
3.24
22,272
95.90
4.10
June, .
20,515
94.40
6.60
22,172
96.47
4.68
July, .
19,258
88.62
11.38
21,877
94.20
6.80
August,
September
19,173
88.22
11.78
22,338
96.19
8.81
19,666
90.49
9.51
22,872
98.49
1.61
October,
20,441
94.06
6.94
28,228
100.00
-
November
20,759
96.52
4.48
28,074
99.86
0.64
December,
20,738
96.48
4.67
23,018
99.10
0.90
Paper.
January,
8,709
93.31
6.69
9,096
92.61
7.89
February, .
9,333
100.00
9,244
94.10
6.90
March, .
9,312
99.77
o728
9,318
94.80
6.20
April,
9,267
99.29
0.71
9,316
94.83
6.17
May, . .
9,158
98.12
1.88
9,408
96.77
4.23
June, .
8,899
95.85
4.66
.8,769
89.26
10.74
July, . .
8,517
91.26
8.74
9,248
94.09
5.91
September,
8,385
89.84
10.16
9,318
94.86
6.15
8,742
93.67
6.33
9,691
97.68
2.87
October, .
9,040
96.86
3.14
9,666
98.89
1.61
November,
9,078
97.27
2.73
9,746
99.20
0.80
December,
9,152
98.06
1.94
9,824
100.00
-
Woollen Goods
January, .
,
22,141
98.67
1.48
21,667
94.86
6.64
February,
22,206
98.86
1.14
21,442
98.82
6.18
March,
22,462
100.00
-
22,036
96.42
8.58
April,
22,248
99.06
0.96
22,062
96.68
8.47
May, .
22,207
98.86
1.14
21,966
96.06
8.94
June, .
21,894
97.47
2.68
21,960
96.04
8.96
July, .
21,072
93.81
6.19
22,889
97.74
2.26
August,
September
20,437
90.98
9.02
20,966
91.69
8.81
20,380
90.73
9.27
22,266
97.87
2.63
October,
21,102
98.95
6.06
22,768
99.62
0.88
NovemlHjr,
20,978
93.39
6.61
22,668
98.70
1.80
December,
21,185
94.31
6.69
22,866
100.Q0
"~
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] LABOR AND ITS COMPENSATION.
85
PERSONS BMPLOYED — BOTH 8EXBS. AGGREGATES, BY MONTHS
— 1900, 1901 — Conclnded.
i»eo 1
i»oi
Kumberof
Persons
PBB0KNTAOK8
Number of
Persons
PKBCSMTAQK8
INDUBTUBS AND MOHTBS.
Employed
InEsUb-
""
Employed
In EsUb-
"~
lishments
Con-
Em-
Unem-
Itshmento
Em-
Unem-
sidered
ployment
ployment
sidered
ployment
ployment
Worsted Goods.
January,
15,888
96.62
3.48
13,960
78.18
21.82
February,
16,110
98.18
1.82
14,692
81.72
18.28
March, .
16,881
09.83
0.17
15,443
86.49
13.51
^^•.
16,409
100.00
16,186
90.37
9.63
15,099
97.60
2.60
16,449
92.12
7.88
June, .
14,743
89.86
10.16
16.461
92.19
7.81
July,
9,794
60.69
40.31
16,271
91.12
8.88
August,
13,079
79.71
20.29
16,411
91.91
8.09
September,
13,336
81.27
18.73
16,790
94.03
5.97
October, .
12,828
78.18
21.82
17,297
96.87
3.13
November,
12,796
77.98
22.02
17.856
100.00
-
December,
.
14,206
86.57
13.43
16,718
93.63
6.37
ALL Industries.
January,
389407
96.46
1.64
893.626
94.78
5.22
February
393,276
99.52
0.48
395,334
96.19
4.81
March,
396,188
100.00
-
400,078
96.33
3.67
Z^'. : : : : : :
389,772
98.63
1.37
390,746
94.08
5.92
389,562
98.57
1.43
396,022
96.35
4.66
June,
382,342
96.75
3.25
891,740
94.32
5.68
July.
369,070
93.39
6.61
390,076
93.92
6.08
374,261
94.70
6.30
396.540
95.24
4.76
380.663
96.32
3.68
403,728
97.21
2.79
October,
386,760
97.87
2.13
410,996
98.96
1.04
NoTember
388,792
98.38
1.62
415,322
100.00
-
December,
390,970
98.93
1.07
412,876
99.41
0.59
Digitized by VjOOQIC
86 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
WAGES AND EAKNINGS: BY IKDUSTKIES.
1900, 1901.
[In this presentation, the flgrures given under " Total Amount Paid in Wages During
the Tear " represent the returns made by the same establishment in each industry for the
years 1900 and 1901. The average yearly earnings have been obtained by dividing the total
amount paid in wages by the number representing the average number of persons em.
ployed during the same year (pages 79 and 80). It should be borne in mind that these
sums were paid to wage earners only, and do not Include the amounts paid to officers,
clerks, or other salaried persons.]
IXDUSTBRS.
Total Amouht
Paid in Wages DuBura
THS Ykab
1901
AVIBAOS
Ykablt Easkimos
1000 1001
Agricultural implements.
Arms and ammunition,
Artisans' tools,
Awnings, sails, tents, etc.,
Bicycles, tricycles, etc.,
Boots and shoes
Boots and shoes (factory product).
Soles, heels, and cut stock.
Boot and shoe findings, .
Stitching, heeling, etc., .
Boxes, barrels, kegs, etc., .
Boxes (paper),
Brick, tiles, and sewer pipe,
Brooms, brushes, and mops,
Building materials
Burial cases, caskets, coffins, etc., .
Buttons and dress trimmings, .
Carpetings,
Carriages and wagons, ....
Cement, kaolin, lime, and plaster, .
Chemical preparations (compounded), .
Clocks and watches,
Clothing
Cooking, lightinjg, and heating apparatus.
Cordage and twme,
Cotton goods,
Cotton goods (woven), . . . .
Cotton yarn and thread, ....
Cotton waste.
Crayons, pencils, crucibles, etc.,
Drugs and medicines,
Dyestuffs,
Earthen, plaster, and stone ware.
Electrical apparatus and appliances.
Electroplating,
Emery and sand paper and cloth, etc..
Fancy articles, etc.,
Fertilizers
Fine arts and taxidermy, .
Fireworks and matches.
Flax, hemp, and Jute goods.
$^,964
1,040,186
1,.S52,961
139,326
406,426
26,502,961
24,362,479
1,663,627
287,360
189,495
1,312,936
849,964
585,320
346,239
695,962
100,286
362,060
1,»K^ 1,1*74
l,l!»a,232
r.7,i>13
;^0!),;^53
1,(;5(),520
4,072,H47
l,0;t7,()99
Ki4,468
32, !>* 17,467
2.s,s«;f;,069
3,H7;i,709
ir)7,fi89
38.789
360,063
50,046
93,968
2,836,784
62,053
182,148
160,312
118,996
12,598
35,711
953,724
$326,219
1,336,076
1,416,871
164,296
361,260
30,096,416
27,798,629
1,787,096
328,042
187,748
1,606,927
918,030
602,826
329,936
716,069
107,467
818,061
1,802,462
1,201,363
81,070
315,463
1,839,468
4,028,851
1,139,761
864,668
32,617,806
28,930,201
8,522,736
164,870
86,960
349,962
60,091
105,888
3,238,661
61,240
212,778
195,741
127,952
12,299
40,878
1,039,863
$480.49
508.40
661.55
629.75
532.67
465.44
476.56
367.08
381.62
354.20
409.01
351.52
424.45
854.39
594.86
676.36
360.61
388.45
603.96
448.94
600.69
656.36
383.36
605.13
335.80
862.69
364.79
345.96
390.32
426.70
400.52
487.98
474.64
515.40
488.61
617.46
406.88
524.21
647.74
420.13
$489.79
603.61
640.82
665.02
538.39
482.86
493.51
383.68
385.03
376.50
443.96
360.01
422.44
327.97
689.02
687.26
873.76
394.16
603.39
609.87
680.96
656.40
371.97
619.10
383.04
363.76
368.81
325.82
396.24
395.05
424.71
522.63
481.31
631.78
501.W
699.37
438.88
692.37
512.46
395.86
320.45
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] LABOR AND ITS COMPENSATION.
87
WAGES AND EARNINGS: BY INDUSTRIES — 1900, 1901
— Concluded.
Total Amount
Paid in Wagss Dusino
THS Tkab
i»eo
IMl
AVRRAQS
YKARLT EAKNINaS
19«0 1901
Food preparations,
Furniture,
Glass,
Glue, isinglass, and starch, ....
Hair work (animal and human).
Hose and beltinar : rubber, linen, etc..
Hosiery and knit goods, ....
Ink, mucilage, and paste, ....
Ivory, bone, shell, and horn goods, etc., .
Jewelry,
Leather,
Leather goods,
Liquors (bottled) and carbonated bever-
ages
Liquors (malt),
Liquors (distUled),
Lumber,
Machines and machinery, . . . .
Metals and metallic goods
Models, lasts, and patterns,
Musical instruments and materials, .
Oils and illuminating fluids,
Paints, colors, and crude chemicals.
Paper, •. . .
Paper goods,
Perfumes, toilet articles, etc., .
Photographs and photographic materials,
Polishes and dressing,
Printing, publishing, and bookbinding, .
Print works, dye works, and bleachenes,
Bailroad construction and equipment, .
Rubber and elastic goods, . . . .
Saddl^ and harness
Scientific instruments and appliances.
Shipbuilding,
Silk and silk goods,
Sporting and athletic goods.
Stone,
Quarried,
Cut and monumental, . . . .
Straw and palm lei^ goods.
Tallow, candles, soap, and grease, .
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars, . . . .
Toys and games (children's), .
Trunks and valises,
Whips, lashes, and stocks
Wooden goods,
Woollen goods,
Woven goods and yam, . . . .
Shoddy, waste, etc.,
Worstedgoods,
All Industries,
$4,177,364
2,868,691
158,007
180,190
52,374
41,841
2,291,248
571,792
2,680,441
2,857,736
576,794
110.589
1,258,106
29,824
273,715
15,559,916
11,099,780
417,676
1,842,838
67,239
139,802
8,792,941
1,399,082
14,016
123,842
142,173
2,330,255
2,816,815
1,641,968
4,485,961
249,100
732,387
950,655
936,733
166,083
2,192,388
970,192
1,222,196
1,314,639
444,487
1,488,729
219,548
43,244
217,123
702,272
8,563,043
8,244,257
818,786
5,427,872
$4,221,606
2,970,808
166,962
187,900
45,228
2,260,680
49,306
573,627
2,782,592
3,168,880
581,689
119,601
1,260,404
25,415
802,162
16,171,118
12,461,457
466,000
1,967,116
71,618
145,563
4,157,fl28
1,513,715
13,226
J-2-2,()00
lo4,i)64
2,47^,314
2,808,554
l,648,*/b
4,910,405
199,461
794,506
1,161,316
944,326
205,759
2,467,668
1,167,219
1,300,439
1,281,044
462,871
1,644,786
284,803
48,511
697,927
8,894,618
8,567,756
6,314,431
$426.61
495.19
664.41
449.36
374.10
690.59
334.68
442.55
400.70
492.64
486.76
473.56
542.10
812.78
788.10
611.62
649.20
587.26
686.67
587.48
666.69
542.08
422.71
879.67
412.24
595.39
405.05
514.80
436.31
693.84
419.84
484.63
437.25
660.64
367.20
439.24
618.17
436.24
608.97
469.66
502.81
681.08
411.14
470.04
412.78
464.47
397.68
396.36
465.38
379.70
$170,606,616
$179,861,716
$441.61
$426.40
499.38
548.82
463.86
372.63
651.50
513.63
415.07
495.56
479.30
460.56
566.86
816.32
726.14
560.37
561.52
568.49
716.98
686.67
549.29
443.10
390.84
426.61
564.81
417.52
543.41
425.35
584.22
444.62
516.40
465.44
652.42
376.63
428.66
532.51
471.60
602.33
449.33
506.32
640.19
438.88
470.98
417.96
468.09
402.91
400.96
469.57
389.88
$449.63
Digitized by VjOOQIC
88
STATISTICS OP MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
CLASSIFIED WEEKLY WAGES:
SELECTED INDUSTKIES.
BY
1900, 1001.
[In thlB presentation Is shown for the nine leading industries and for All Industries for
1900 and 1901, a classification by sex of the weekly wages, ranging from under $5 per week
to $20 and over. The returns were made by manufacturers to cover the week during which
the largest number of persons was employed. It should be borne in mind that these figures
represent wage earners only; officers, clerks, or other salaried persons are not included.
Considerations of space have led to the curtailment of this presentation to the nine leading
industries, but the figures in detail for 1900 and 1901 for any industry desired may be
obtained upon application to this Department.]
1000 1
1001
INDUSTRISS
Adults
Toanff
Adults
Young
Persons
AND Classification or
(21YBAB8 0FAQB
Persons
(21Tkab8 0fAgb
Weekly Wages.
AND OVEB)
(under
21 Years
Both
Sexes
AND OVBE)
(under
21 Years
Both
Sexes
Males
Females
of Age)
Males
Females
of Age)
Boots and Shoes,
41,870
18,662
■ 7,256
67,288
46,476
20,288
7,611
73,274
Under $5,
1,607
2,684
3,253
7,644
1,498
2,641
3,182
7,321
$5 but under $6, .
1,423
2,065
1,394
4,882
1,411
1.997
1,488
4,896
$6 but under $7, .
2,048
2,325
1,180
6,653
2,123
2,572
1,226
5,921
$7 but under $8, .
2,419
2379
744
6,542
2,728
2,601
731
6,960
$d but under $9, .
2,918
2,163
328
5,409
. 3,076
2,493
383
5,952
$9 but under $10, .
4,749
2,179
208
7,136
6,030
2,644
296
7,972
$10 but under $12, .
7,046
2,666
97
9,699
7,462
2,629
146
10,236
V $12 but under $15, .
9,119
1,669
38
10,826
10,143
2,022
49
12,214
$15 but under $20, .
7,481
577
13
8,071
8,869
749
7
9,625
$20 and over, .
2,660
66
1
2,626
3,136
40
2
3,177
Carpetings.
1,874
1,834
884
4,592
1,992
1,986
866
4,844
Under $5, . . .
79
309
528*
916
80
262
426
768
$5 but under $6,
88
280
222
690
47
337
216
600
$6 but under f7,
$7 but under $8,
199
212
68
464
223
294
87
604
194
185
33
412
204
236
62
501
$8 but under $9,
297
313
28
638
318
310
46
674
$9 but under $10,
203
247
14
464
261
232
19
602
$10 but under $12,
276
225
6
607
299
276
7
682
$12 but under $15,
291
63
-
354
301
40
3
344
$15 but under $20,
205
-
-
205
221
_
_
221
$20 and over, .
42
•"
~
42
48
-
-
48
Cotton Goods.
41,660
35,019
18,142
94,821
41,132
34,729
19,036
94,896
Under $6,
3,185
6,379
8,968
17,522
2,657
4,998
9,216
16,871
$6 but under $6,
3,232
5,608
4,619
13,364
3,184
6,106
4,942
13,232
, $6 but under $7,
6,604
7,667
2,800
17,061
6,376
7,962
2,908
17,246
$7 but under $8,
6,099
6,232
1,164
13,486
6,349
6,415
1,138
13,902
$8 but under $9,
5,001
5,197
362
10,650
6,200
5,303
460
10,963
$9 but under $10,
5,645
3,662
212
9,619
6,484
3,371
808
9,163
$10 but under $12,
5,511
1,268
42
6,821
6,614
1,416
61
6,980
$12 but under $15,
4,019
104
5
4,128
4,073
166
6
4,234
$15 but under $20,
1,606
17
-
1,623
1,512
3
6
1,621
$20 and over, .
768
768
784
"
1
786
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] LABOR AND ITS COMPENSATION.
89
CLASSIFIED WEEKLY WAGES: BY SELECTED INDUSTRIES
— 1900, 1901 — CoatlDued.
1900
1901
iHDUSTBnS
▲VD Classivication or
Adults
(21Y«ab8ofAgk
1 Youii«r
Persons
Adults
(21 Ykabs OP AoE
1 Young
Persons
AND OVBB)
(under
21 Years
Both
Sexes
AND OVBB)
(under
21 Years
Both
Sexes
Males
Females
of Age)
Males
Females
of Age)
Leather.
6,716
56
327
7,097
7,060
108
349
7,612
Under $6, . . .
116
_
78
194
127
6
78
210
! « but under $6, .
136
9
84
228
121
19
66
196
! « but under $7, .
845
36
80
461
800
66
126
490
1 (7 but under $8, .
704
4
43
751
702
5
47
754
1 18 but under $9, .
830
1
16
846
870
2
29
901
19 but under $10» .
1,667
1
24
1,682
1,680
3
12
1,696
</$10 but under $12, .
1,699
2
2
1,703
1,729
2
1
1,732
i 112 but under $16, .
876
2
1
878
951
2
963
( H6 but under $20, .
349
_
349
478
1
479
1(20 and over, .
106
-
-
106
102
-
-
102
Machines and Machin-
ery.
30,204
306
1.687
32,096
29,737
380
1,636
81,753
Under $5, . . .
1,196
38
613
1,846
892
67
690
1,649
$6 but under $6, .
1,002
67
329
1,388
823
67
291
1,181
$6 but under $7, .
1,374
68
340
1,782
1,886
107
831
1,823
$7 but under $8, .
2,678
73
212
2,863
2,294
78
237
2,609
$8 but under $9, .
3,617
44
37
3,698
2,897
81
96
3.024
$9 but under $10, .
3,944
11
19
8,974
4;389
12
60
4,451
$10 but under $12, .
4,671
13
30
4,614
4,810
10
22
4,842
V $12 but under $15, .
6,830
-
7
6,837
6;986
7
18
6,006
$15 but under $20, .
6,056
1
6,066
6,163
1
6
5,160
$20 and oyer, .
1,138
-
-
1,138
1,109
-
1,109
Meials and Metallic
Goods.
19,936
1,486
2,090
23,611
21,072
1,660
2,240
24,862
Under $5,
464
283
921
1,668
494
317
1,012
1,823
$5 but under $6, .
481
291
639
1,811
899
333
464
1,186
$6 but imder $7, .
900
478
296
1,674
840
430
426
1,696
$7 but under $8, .
1,435
176
179
1,789
1,381
194
189
1764
$8 but under $9, .
1,636
124
106
1,764
1,472
90
70
1,632
$9 but under $10, .
2,928
81
28
8,037
3,389
89
61
3,689
$10 but under $12, .
3,451
38
14
3,503
3,769
61
26
3,856
./$12 but under $16, .
3,966
8
7
3,980
3,968
26
2
3,991
$]6 but under $20, .
3,767
8
1
3,776
4,190
10
1
4,201
$20 and over, .
1,019
"
-
1,019
1,176
-
1,176
Paper.
6,661
3,513
687
9,761
5,939
8,878
847
10,164
Under $5,
69
751
192
1,012
66
649
261
976
$6 but under $6, .
90
911
146
1146
62
767
182
1,011
$6 but under $7, .
231
1,148
164
1,648
162
1,214
241
1,607
$7 but under $8, .
638
408
53
1,099
660
440
70
1,060
$8 but under $9, .
663
183
10
746
604
190
36
730
V $9 but under $10, .
1,633
64
19
1,716
1,811
48
46
1,905
$10 but under $12, .
747
24
4
776
903
34
9
946
$12 but under $16, .
864
20
874
974
28
2
1,004
$16 but under $20, .
669
4
.
673
708
8
716
$20 and over, .
177
-
177
209
-
209
Woollen Goods.
13,966
7,263
2,943
24,161
14,364
7,001
8,260
24,626
Undergo,
623
1,009
1,366
2,888
493
986
1,406
2,885
$5 but under $6, .
616
907
814
2,336
530
821
979
2*330
$6 but under $7, .
1,626
1,686
444
8,656
1,619
1,464
476
8,648
^ $7 but under $8, .
2,830
1,284
177
4,291
8,088
1,269
261
4,566
$8 but under $9, .
1,939
1,123
96
3,158
1,892
1,060
94
8,046
$9 but under $10, .
2,190
674
81
2,896
2,138
591
29
2,758
$10 but under 3^12, .
1,904
489
17
2,410
i;995
687
9
2,641
$12 but under- $15, .
1,434
151
8
1,593
1,746
183
7
1,935
$15 but under $20, .
606
21
_
627
621
10
631
$20 and over, .
289
9
298
298
""
293
Digitized by VnOOQlC
90
STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
CLASSIFIED WEEKLY WAGES: BY SELECTED INDUSTRIES
— 1900, 1901 — Concluded.
1900
1001
INDU8TBIB8
Adults
Young
Persons
Adults 1
Young
AND CLASSIFICATIOH OF
(21YBAB8 0PA0B
(31Tbab8opAgb
Persons
AKD OVBB)
(nnder
21 Tears
Both
Sexes
AND OVBB) 1
(under
21 Yean
Both
Sexes
Males
Females
of Age)
Males
Females
of Age)
Worsted Goods.
7,612
6,268
4,106
16,970
8,484
6,686
4,388
18,408
Under $6, . . .
211
880
1,498
2,064
266
447
1,614
2,227
$6 but under $6, .
433
1,202
1339
2,964
748
1,009
1,454
3,206
$6 but under $7, .
638
1,681
971
3,140
794
1,676
1,083
3,402
$7 but under $8. .
1,068
686
196
1,889
1,068
962
211
2,276
v/ $8 but under $9, .
1,408
606
92
2,000
1,266
687
122
1,976
$9 but under $10, . .
762
610
16
1,278
806
481
88
1,276
$10 but under $12, .
1,200
342
8
1,660
1,266
887
18
1,666
V $12 but under $16, .
1,410
118
1
1,629
1,620
182
2
1,764
$16 but under $20, .
367
26
-
893
438
83
1
467
$20andoTer, .
140
8
-
148
168
3
-
171
All Industries.
266,666
114,241
67,422
488,228
277,666
116.218
60,929
464,702
Under $6,
9,674
18,228
27,739
66,641
8,908
17,699
28,846
66,363
$6 but under $6, .
9,968
17,940
13,470
41,896
9,720
17,606
14,296
41,622
$6 but under $7, .
18,788
v28,106
8,829
60,722
18,887
23,800
9,609
61,386
$7 but under $8, .
26,806
17,626
4,108
47,489
26,820
18,371
4,269
48,960
$8 but under $9, .
$9 but under $10, .
26,642
14,230
1,673
42,446
26,099
14.748
1,964
42,801
38,026
11,110
911
60,047
39,886
11,160
1,230
62,216
$10 but under $12, .
, $12 but under $16, . .
42,209
7,668
600
60,272
44,399
8,062
486
62,986
47,216
8,864
169
60,729
61,269
3,876
192
66,337
$16 but under $20, .
36,881
1,027
29
37,887
89,988
1.274
42
41,249
$20andoTer, .
11,486
168
4
11,648
12,786
162
6
12,898
Analysis.
The final line of the presentation on page 78 shows that in
the 4,696 establishments making return in All Industries, an
average number of 386,103 persons was employed during the
year 1900, and 399,997 persons in 1901, an increase of 13,894
persons, or 3.60 per cent. The average number of males em-
ployed in 1900 was 258,682, and in 1901, 269,324, an increase
of 10,642 persons, or 4.11 per cent. *The average number of
females employed in 1900 was 127,421 and in 1901, 130,673,
an increase of 3,252 persons, or 2.55 per cent. With the
exception of Cotton Goods and Machines and Machinery each
of the nine leading industries exhibits an increase in the aver-
age number of persons employed in 1901 as against 1900.
From the presentation on pages 79 and 80 we find that the
smallest number of persons employed, at periods of employ-
ment of the smallest number, for All Industries, was 322,200
in 1900, and 339,405 for the corresponding periods in 1901,
an increase of 17,205 persons, or 5.34 per cent. With the
exception of Cotton Goods and Machines and Machinery each
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] LABOR AND ITS COMPENSATION.
91
of the nine leading industries shows an increase in the smallest
number of persons employed in 1901 as compared with 1900.
From the same presentation it also appears that 440,363
persons were employed in 1900 at the periods of employment
of the greatest number, and at the corresponding periods in
1901, 456,137 persons were employed, an increase of 15,774
persons, or 3.58 per cent. But one of the nine leading indus-
tries, Machines and Machinery, exhibits a decrease in the
greatest number of persons employed.
The presentation on pages 81 and 82 exhibits the excess of
greatest number over smallest number of persons employed in
1900 and 1901. We reproduce the figures for the nine leading
industries.
Industries.
Boots and shoes (aggregate).
Factory product, .
Soles, heels, and cut stock.
Findings,
Stitching, heeling, etc., .
Carpetings,
Cotton goods (aggregate).
Woven, ....
Tarn and thread, .
Waste
Leather, ....
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods,
Paper
Woollen goods (aggregate),
Woven goods and yam.
Shoddy, waste, etc.,
Worsted goods.
Nine industries.
Other industries,
All industries, .
Excess of Greatest
Oyer Smjlllbst
NmoER OF Persons
Emplotbd
23,148
20,609
1,839
343
357
984
10,888
9,158
1,665
65
2,522
7,752
6,387
2,304
6,277
5,835
442
8,460
68,722
49,441
118,163
1001
22,564
20,402
1,606
340
216
527
15,839
12,480
2,819
40
2,031
8,416
5,650
2,166
6,127
5,737
390
4,868
67,688
49,044
116,732
Increase (+)
OR Decrease (— ) in
i»oi
Number
-584
—207
-233
—3
—141
—457
-1-4,451
-1-3,322
+1,154
-25
—491
4-664
—737
—138
—150
—98
—52
—3,592
—1,034
—397
—1,431
Percent-
ages
—2.52
—1.00
—12.67
-0.88
-89.50
-46.44
-1-40.88
-+-36.27
-f69.31
—38.46
-19.47
-h8.57
—11.54
-5.99
—2.39
—1.68
—11.76
—42.46
—1.60
—0.80
-1.21
Seven of the nine leading industries show more continuous
employment in 1901 than in 1900. The other two industries,
namely, Cotton Goods and Machines and Machinery, show
percentages which indicate a larger degree of unemployment.
In Cotton Goods, there were 4,451 more persons who, for a
Digitized by VjOOQIC
92 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
longer or shorter period, were out of employment in 1901 than
in 1900, and in Machines and Machinery, 664 more persons
were affected by business depressions which prevented their
having as steady employment in 1901 as in 1900. In All In-
dustries, the excess of greatest over smallest number was
118,163 in 1900, and 116,732 in 1901 ; that is to say, 1,431
less persons were unemployed in the latter than in the former
year. The duration of this period of unemployment in either
year, it is, of course, impossible to ascertain.
For the purpose of exhibiting this range of employment and
unemployment year by year since 1895, as shown by these
annual reports, the following table of percentages is given :
COMPAIUTIVS YSAB0.
1895,
1896,
1896,
1897,
1897,
1898,
1898,
1899,
1899,
1900,
1900,
1901,
Number of
Estab-
lishments
Con-
sidered
4,609
4,609
4,605
4,695
4,701
4,701
4,740
4,740
4,646
4,645
4,696
4,696
PSBCKNTAOKB
Persons Employed
at Periods of Employ-
ment of Smallest
Number of Persons
Employed at Periods
of Employment
of Greatest Number
Bange
(Unemployed
at some
time During
the Tear)
78.53
66.52
67.82
71.74
72.13
70.36
70.21
74.19
74.17
73.08
73.17
74.41
26.47
83.48
82.68
28.26
27.87
29.64
29.79
25.81
25.83
26.92
26.83
25.59
Persons Em-
ployed at
Periods of Em
ployment
of Greatest
Number
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
In order that the full effect of these percentages may be ap-
preciated, it should be remembered that if no persons were out
of employment at any time during the year in the establish-
ments making return in the different industries, the percentage
of persons employed throughout the year would stand at 100 ;
but, inasmuch as at the periods of employment of the smallest
number, less persons are employed than at the periods of em-
ployment of the greatest number, the difference between the
number of persons employed at these two periods may be fep-
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] LABOR AND ITS COMPENSATION.
93
resented by a percentage which indicates the number of per-
sons unemployed at some time during the year, the duration of
unemployment, of course, not being determined. This per-
centage is shown in the table in the third column of figures.
It will be noted that in every year more than one-fourth of
the greatest number of persons employed were unemployed at
some time during the year, and in one instance the percentage
exceeded one-third. In 1900, 4,696 establishments being com-
pared, nearly 27 out of every 100 persons (26.83 per cent)
were out of employment at some time during the year, as
against 26 persons out of every 100 (25.59 per cent) in
1901.
It does not, of course, follow that these persons were actually
unemployed, for it is quite probable that a person out of em-
ployment in one establishment or industry may have obtained
employment in some other establishment or other line of work
or at a trade.
The figures just considered are based upon the returns made
by each establishment. Upon pages 83 to 85, figures on the
basis of industries are shown. From this presentation we re-
produce the section devoted to All Industries.
KUMBBB OP
Persons Emploted
Percentages
OP Employment
Percentages
op Unemployment
1900
1901
1900
1901
1900
1901
January, .
February, .
March, .
Aprtl,. .
May, . .
June, .
July, . .
August, .
September,
October, .
November,
December, .
389,107
396,276
396,188
389,772
389,662
382,342
369,070
374,261
380,663
386,760
388,792
390,970
393,626
396,334
400,078
390,746
896,022
391,740
390,076
396,640
403,728
410,996
416,322
412,876
98.46
99.62
100.00
98.63
96.67
96.76
93.39
94.70
96.82
97.87
98.38
96.93
94.78
96.19
96.33
94.08
96.36
94.32
93.92
96.24
97.21
98.96
100.00
99.41
1.64
0.48
1.37
1.43
3.26
6.61
6.30
3.68
2.13
1.62
1.07
6.22
4.81
3.67
6.92
4.66
6.68
6.08
4.76
2.79
1.04
0.69
The number of persons employed in March, 1900 (this being
the month of emplojrment of the greatest number in that year) ,
is considered 100 per cent ; and the number of persons em-
ployed in November, 1901 (this being the month of employ-
Digitized by VjOOQIC
94 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
ment of the greatest number in that year), is also considered
100 per cent. The percentages of unemployment during the
other months are obtained by finding the difference between
the percentages of employment appearing each month and 100
per cent. For example, the smallest number of persons em-
ployed in 1900 is found in the month of July ; the number
employed in the month of March, as has been explained, con-
stituted 100 per cent ; the number employed in the month of
July is represented by 93.39 per cent, the percentage of un-
employment being the difference between 93.39 and 100 per
cent, or 6.61 per cent. Again, the smallest number of persons
employed in any one month in 1901 is found, also, in the month
of July, the percentage indicating the smallest number em-
ployed being 93.92 ; the difference between this and 100,
namely, 6.08, indicates the percentage of unemployment in
that month. It will be noted that the percentages of unem-
ployment are generally higher in 1901 than in 1900.
On pages 86 and 87 is given the total amount paid in wages
during the years 1900 and 1901 by the 4,696 establishments.
The amount paid in 1900 was $170,505,516, and in 1901,
$179,851,715, an increase in the aggregate of $9,346,199, or
5.48 per cent. All of the nine leading industries, except Cot-
ton Goods and Machines and Machinery, exhibit increases in
the aggregate amount of wages paid in 1901 as compared with
1900.
On pages 86 and 87 are presented the average yearly earnings
in each of the industries and for All Industries. These aver-
ages are obtained by dividing the total amount paid in wages
in each industry, as presented in this table, by the aggregate
average number of persons employed, without discrimination
as to sex or age, as given in the table on pages 77 and 78.
Such an average is, of course, only useful in comparison with
averages similarly obtained.
The following table shows the average yearly earnings for
each of the nine leading industries, for All Industries, and for
the other industries in the aggregate, together with the in-
creases or decreases expressed in amounts and percentages.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] LABOR AND ITS COMPENSATION.
95
INDUSTBIIS.
Boots and ehoee (aggregate),
Factory product, .
Soles, heeli, and cat stock,
Findings,
Stitching, heeling, etc.,
Carpetings,
Cotton goods (aggregate)
Woven goods.
Yam and thread, .
Waste, .
Leather, .
Machines and machinery.
Metals and metallic goods.
Paper, ....
Woollen goods (aggregate) ,
Woven goods and yam.
Shoddy, waste, etc..
Worsted goods,
mne industries.
Other industries.
All industries, .
AVBKAOS
Trarlt Eaxwivos
$465.44
476.66
867.08
881.62
854.20
888.45
862.60
864.70
845.06
800.82
485.76
540.20
587.26
422.71
807.58
805.36
465.38
870.70
430.56
462.85
441.61
1001
$482.86
403.51
883.58
385.06
375.50
804.15
868.76
868.81
825.82
808.24
470.80
551.52
558.40
448.10
402.01
400.06
450.57
880.88
430.07
467.70
440.68
IMCBXASX (+) OB
DBOBBASB (-) IV ItOl
Amonnts
+$17.42
+16.05
+16.50
+3.41
+21.80
+5.70
+1.17
+4.02
—20.14
+7.02
—6.46
+2.82
+21.23
+20.80
+5.83
+5.61
—5.81
+10.18
+0.41
+5.85
+8.02
Percent-
ages
+8.74
+3.56
+4.40
+0.80
+6.01
+1.47
+0.82
+1.10
—5.82
+2.08
—1.83
+0.42
+8.05
+4.82
+1.84
+1.42
—1.25
+2.68
+2.10
+1.16
+1.82
The increase in the average yearly earnings in 1901 as against
1900 for All Industries was $8.02 per person, or 1.82 per
cent. For the nine industries in the aggregate, the increase
was $9.41, or 2.19 per cent, and for the other industries $5.35,
or 1.16 per cent. With the exception of Leather, all of the
nine leading industries show increases in the average amount
earned annually, although under the detail of Cotton Goods
the line yam and thread shows a falling off of nearly six per
cent, and under Woollen Goods, the line shoddy, waste, etc.
exhibits a decrease of 1.25 per cent.
Actual wage conditions may, perhaps, be more accurately
seen from the presentation of classified weekly wages, pages
88 to 90, than from aggregate or average tables of wages. The
following table shows the percentages of adult males and fe-
males and of young persons in each wage class for All Indus-
tries:
Digitized by VjOOQIC
96 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Pkrckntaoks
CLA88IPICATIOV OF WllKLT
WA018.
1»00
1001
Males
Females
Young
Persons
Males
Females
Young
Persons
Under $5, . .
$5 but under $6,
$6 but under $7,
$7 but under $8,
$8 but under $9,
$9 but under $10,
$10 but under $12,
$12 but under $15,
$16 but under $20,
$20 and over, .
N
17.89
24.18
87.04
64.40
02.68
75.96
88.96
98.08
97.21
98.61
32.76
48.88
46.66
86.94
33.68
22.20
16.04
6.61
2.71
1.86
49.86
82.64
17.41
8.66
3.94
1.82
1.00
0.81
0.08
0.08
16.09
28.86
86.72
68.76
60.98
76.29
88.87
92.66
96.81
98.77
81.80
42.80
46.66
87.62
34.46
21.86
16.21
7.00
3.09
1.18
62.11
34.36
18.72
8.72
4.66
2.36
0.92
0.36
0.10
0.06
Totals, .
60.83
26.07
13.10
61.04
26.66
13.40
This table indicates that of every 100 employes returned in
All Industries as receiving less than $5 per week, about 17
were males, 33 were females, and 50 were young persons in
1900, and about 16 were males, 32 were females, and 52 were
young persons in 1901. The proportion of males in each class
increases from the first to the last class in both years, while the
proportion of females decreases after the class $6 but under $7.
The fluctuations in the different wage classes are shown for
All Industries in the following table :
Pbrcsntages
Classificatiom op Wbbklt
Wages.
1900
1901
Males
Females
Young
Persons
Totals
Males
Females
Young
Persons
Totals
Under $6
8.63
16.96
48.81
12.70
3.21
16.14
47.84
12.17
$6 but under $6,
8.76
16.70
23.46
9.46
8.60
16.15
23.46
9.16
$6 but under $7,
7.06
20.22
16.87
11.67
6.61
20.18
16.77
11.29
$7 but under $8,
9.68
16.34
7.15
10.82
9.48
15.81
7.01
10.77
$8 but under $9,
9.96
12.46
2.91
9.69
9.40
12.69
8.21
9.41
$9 but under $10,
14.26
9.72
1.69
11.42
14.35
9.69
2.02
11.48
$10 but under $12,
15.83
6.62
O.OT
11.47
16.00
6.93
0.80
11.64
$12 but under $16,
17.71
2.94
0.28
11.68
18.47
8.38
0.81
12.17
$16 but under $20,
13.82
0.90
0.06
8.64
14.89
1.10
0.07
9.07
$20 and over, .
4.31
0.14
0.01
2.66
4.69
0.13
0.01
2.84
Totals, .
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
In this table, the number of males, females, young persons,
and totals for both sexes and all ages are each considered as
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] LABOR AND ITS COMPENSATION.
97
representing 100 per cent, and the number of employes in
each class constitutes parts of this aggregate, which parts are
represented by percentages totalizing to 100. The percent-
ages as shown in the table do not vary materially in either
year.
Applying the percentages found in the preceding analysis
tables to the average number of persons employed in 1901
(399,997) and distributing this average number into the several
classes of weekly wage^ we secure an estimated amount paid
during one week of the year to the average number of males,
females, and young persons employed. The figures appear as
follows :
CLAB8IFICATI0N Or WBKKLT
Number or—
Estimated Wkbklt
Wages op —
Waoks.
Males
Females
Toung
Persons
Males
Females
Young
Persons
Under $6, . .
$5 but nnder $6,
$6 but nnder $7,
$7 but under $8,
$8 but under $9,
$9 but under $10,
$10 but under $12,
$12 but under $15,
$16 but under $20,
$20 and over, .
7,882
8,666
16,131
28,160
22,968
86,082
89,049
46,101
86,128
11,220
16,480
16,499
20,676
16,164
12,971
9,804
7.082
3,408
1,121
134
26,367
12,686
8,464
3,756
1,716
1,084
428
170
36
6
23,496
47,068
104,862
173,700
196,101
832,804
429,639
608,864
614,663
262,460
46,440
86,245
133,788
121,230
110,264
98,138
77,902
46,008
19,618
3,016
76,101
69,223
64,961
28,170
14,686
10,298
4,708
2,296
630
136
Totals, .
244,166
102,238
68,603
2,782,612
736,688
261,097
As before stated, these figures are estunates based upon
actual percentages and show that, during one week, the amount
of $3,780,197 was paid in wages to an average of 399,997
persons. Of this amount, $2,782,512, or 73.61 per cent, was
paid to adult males; $736,588, or 19.48 per cent, to adult
females ; and $261,097, or 6.91 per cent, to young persons of
both sexes. These figures, while estimates, are approximately
correct, for we find that of actual amounts paid to men, women,
and children as reported by the United States Census for 1900,
78.93 per cent of the total wages was paid to men 16 years of
age and over, and 19.99 per cent to women 16 years of age and
over. The variation in these Census percentages and those of
the Annual Statistics arises from the fact that in these Annual
Beports the age separation is at 21 instead of 16 years, and
Digitized by VjOOQIC
98
STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
many of those classified by the United States as men and
women would, under the Massachusetts classification, be enu-
merated under <* Young Persons." However, the figures are
sufficiently close to show that the averages and percentages in
this Report are indicative of the actual conditions.
Taking the total amount of wages paid in 1901, as shown on
page 87, and distributing it in the same proportion among
the males, females, and young persons and dividing the
amounts thus obtained by the figure representing the average
number of persons employed, we secure an average yearly
earnings for males, females, and young persons for certain in-
dustries as follows :
Estimated Average Yearly Earnings,
Industries.
Males
Females
Toang
Persons
Boots and sboee (factory product),
Carpetings,
Cotton goods (woven), ....
Cotton yarn and thread
Leather,
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods.
Paper,
Woollen goods (woven goods and yam).
Woollen goods (shoddy, waste, etc.), .
Worsted goods,
All Industries
$674.17
602.66
447.17
433.42
491.60
670.01
609.38
662.68
463.98
480.66
488.77
$642.28
$894.88
866.07
343.71
306.46
309.68
311.67
814.87
298.22
364.14
291.44
366.13
$342.68
$243.60
232.09
236.68
214.84
281.12
271.07
248.68
273.46
288.63
288.00
262.46
$281.86
Comparing these averages with those shown in the table on
pages 86 and 87, we find marked variations. The average yearly
earnings for all persons of both sexes and all ages was $449.63
in All Industries in 1901, and here we find when distributed
in accordance with age and sex that the males of 21 years of age
and over earn, on an average, $542.23 annually, the females 21
years of age and over, $342.68, and the young persons under 21
years of age of either sex, an average of $231.85. Consider-
ing the industry Boots and Shoes (Factory Product) , we find
that the average as shown on page 86 was $493.51. Distrib-
uting the persons employed into their respective classes, by
sex and age, we find that 73.28 per cent of all the employes
are males, 22.06 per cent are females, and 4.66 per cent are
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] LABOR AND ITS COMPENSATION. 99
young persons of both sexes. Distributing the total wages
paid into these three classes in accordance with the proportions
shown above and dividing by the estimated number of adult
males, adult females, and young persons, we secure average
yearly earnings as follows : Males, $574.17 ; females, $394.88 ;
and young persons, $243.50. These averages are more nearly
correct than those shown on page 86 which, as has been stated,
are averages obtained for all persons indiscriminately.
Considering All Industries and comparing the figures with
those obtained under the same method in 1899 and 1900,
taken from the report of last year (page 127), we secure the
following comparison :
Males,
Females, ....
Young persons,
ISM.
1999,
1001.
f 523. 34
$530.82
$542.23
324.72
334.70
342.68
219.34
228.33
231.85
Digitized by VjOOQIC
100 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Working Time and Proportion of Business Done.
Under this head are shown the average number of days
in operation, average proportion of business done, and the
actual number of days each of the 4,696 establishments was in
operation during the years 1900 and 1901.
The average number of days in operation is based upon the
average number of persons employed, the number of days re-
ported by each establishment being multiplied by the figures
representing the average number of persons employed therein,
and the sum of these multiplications for all the establish-
ments divided by the aggregate average number of persons,
an average for each industry and for All Industries being
thus obtained. The actual number of working days exclu-
sive of Sundays and holidays was 306 in 1900 and also in
1901.
The proportion of business done is based upon the greatest
amount of goods which can be tiu-ned out in an establishment,
presupposing a sufficient demand for goods, without increasing
its present facilities. This greatest amount is considered as
100 per cent. If an establishment produced goods equivalent
to three-quarters of its greatest capacity, the proportion of
business done, would be 75 per cent, while if only one-half of
a possible output was reached it would be considered as 50 per
cent. For example, in All Industries the average proportion
of business done for the year 1901 is represented by 68.09
per cent ; that is to say, it slightly exceeded two-thirds of
what could have been done, had business conditions war-
ranted, without enlarging the capacity of the manufacturing
plants.
The several proportions returned by the establishments in
each industry have been aggregated and the sum divided by
the full number of establishments to obtain the average for
each industry and for All Industries.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] WORKING TIME — PROPORTION.
101
DAYS IN OPERATION AND
PROPORTION OF BUSINESS DONE:
BY INDUSTRIES.
1900, 1901.
[The flgnres given In the first two columnB of this presentation represent the Average
Number of Days in Operation, while in the last two columns the Average Proportion of
Business Done is shown. The average number of days in operation is based upon the
average number of persons employed, the number of days per establishment being multi-
plied by the figures representing the average number of persons, and the sum divided by
the aggregate average number of persons, an average for each industry and for All Indus-
tries being thus obtained. As regards Average Proportion of Business Done, greatest
capacity, or maximum production, has been considered as 100 percent, and the percentages
given indicate the average proportion of business done during each year on the tuisis
stated.]
IMDUSTBIBS.
Agricultural implements.
Arms and ammunition,
Artisans* tools.
Awnings, sails, tents, etc..
Bicycles, tricycles, etc..
Boots and shoes, ....
Boots and shoes (factory product)
Soles, heels, and cut stock.
Boot and shoe findings, .
Stitching, heeling, etc., .
Boxes, barrels, kegs, etc., .
Boxes (naper), ....
Brick, tiles, and sewer pipe.
Brooms, brushes, and mops.
Building materials,
Burial cases, caskets, coffins, etc..
Buttons and dress trimmings, .
Carpetings
Carriages and wagons.
Cement, kaolin, lime, and plaster,
Chemical preparations (compounded)
Clocks ana watches, .
Clothing,
Cooking, lighting, and heating apparatus,
Cordage and twine,
Cotton goods,
Cotton goods (woven).
Cotton yam and thread, .
Cotton waste. ....
Crayons, pencils, crucibles, etc..
Drugs and medicines,
Dyestuffs,
Earthen, plaster, and stone ware.
Electrical apparatus and appliances,
Electroplating, ....
Emery and sand paper and cloth, etc.
AVKBAOB NUMBBB
OF DATS IM OPBRATIOM
1900
292.66
289.32
292.69
281.94
287.86
284.99
284.26 ,
291.10
294.96
288.61
288.67
286.40
223.97
297.41
297.86
304.90
289.07
302.62
289.83
249.06
299.32
289.78
288.36
278.62
297.67
299.13
298.71
301.92
304.94
266.70
298.77
266.68
279.04
304.13
276.13
1»01
292.78
289.67
294.98
286.08
301.29
290.49
290.13
293.36
297.70
292.11
289.74
291.97
209.78
296.96
294.68
304.61
287.09
300.43
292.23
269.00
299.71
289.84
291.36
273.96
300.08
296.18
296.08
296.66
306.39
303.86
296.31
271.80
292.67
300.43
283.61
302.70
Atbraob Pbopok-
TIOH OF
BUSnCBSS DONB
1900
67.89
69.76
66.36
63.69
64.76
66.46
62.86
74.08
66.96
70.62
68.46
63.08
66.74
61.39
69.60
61.88
82.66
60.40
63.40
60.38
67.60
70.66
70.68
73.71
91.69
92.66
88.07
90.33
86.00.
69.44
67.17
68.76
69.29
66.11
76.67
1901
67.00
76.33
68.61
62.41
48.67
66.96
66.46
64.27
78.17
66.86
76.66
73.43
63.66
66.39
66.36
72.00
61.13
86.78
64.81
66.00
62.64
76.30
70.32
76.42
76.79
88.53
90.62
80.62
86.11
78.75
62.64
64.33
74.92
66.04
68.67
80.29
Digitized by VjOOQIC
102 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
DAYS IN OPERATION AND PROPORTION OF BUSINESS DONE:
BY INDUSTRIES — 1900, 1901 — Concluded.
AVBBAOB NUMBEB
OF DATS IN OPJBIUTIOM
AvntAOs Propor-
tion OP
Business Donb
1900
1001
Fancy articles, etc.,
Fertilizers,
Fine arts and taxidermy,
Fireworks and matches,
Flax, hemp, and jute goods.
Food preparations,
Furniture,
Glass, ....
Glue, Isinglass, and starch.
Hair work (animal and human).
Hose and belting: rubber, linen, etc.,
Hosiery and knit goods.
Ink, mucilage, and paste, .
Ivory, bone, shell, and horn goods, etc..
Jewelry,
Leather,
Leather goods,
Liquors (bottled) and carbonated bever-
ages,
Liquors (malt),
Liquors (distilled)
Lumber,
Machines and ma<^hinery, .
Metals and metallic goods, .
Models, lasts, and patterns,
Musical instruments and materials, .
Oils and illuminating fluids.
Paints, colors, and crude chemicals, .
Paper,
Paper goods, ■ .
Perfumes, toilet articles, etc., .
Photographs and photographic materials,
Polishes and dressing, ....
Printing, publishing, and bookbinding,
Print works, dye works, and bleacheries,
Railroad construction and equipment,
Rubber and elastic goods, .
Saddlery and harness, .
Scientinc instruments and appliances,
Shipbuilding,
Silk and silk goods.
Sporting and athletic goods.
Stone
Quarried,
Cut and monumental.
Straw and palm leaf goods.
Tallow, candles, soap, and grease.
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars, .
Toys and games (chilcten's).
Trunks and valises,
Whips, lashes, and stocks,
Wooden goods.
Woollen goods.
Woven goods and yam.
Shoddy, waste, etc., .
Worsted goods.
All Industries. .
296.91
289.31
305.22
287.11
298.29
292.43
294.81
269.45
244.15
223.61
297.21
302.84
296.18
286.48
284.57
297.18
300.07
288.42
305.07
259.80
289.53
291.94
298.21
285.59
291.76
303.97
279.72
274.15
299.39
293.12
303.84
296.37
299.62
291.71
300.84
269.96
287.60
292.58
293.24
281.68
288.84
280.68
277.76
283.94
256.76
300.36
290.49
281.74
276.99
294.69
296.01
292.84
293.38
276.63
275.33
298.14
306.00
306.00
287.69
301.17
294.91
274.46
243.89
238.66
293.44
299.24
292.77
289.17
286.48
301.07
299.19
294.22
304.08
237.51
297.63
296.09
294.28
296.19
304.73
291.48
287.46
300.64
300.06
302.30
302.75
300.74
290.12
297.74
269.81
295.54
300.62
293.87
284.92
294.17
283.71
281.31
286.47
257.40
301.68
292.08
288.08
277.17
293.07
296.70
292.60
292.76
288.04
290.83
71.00
66.00
73.33
73.33
77.18
63.96
65.99
68.67
67.96
68.67
68.00
71.03
65.14
69.78
66.48
57.28
69.67
44.00
67.91
69.79
67.18
66.23
68.63
62.67
60.30
81.86
74.66
27.75
58.00
48.42
74.02
67.07
76.60
56.72
74.22
64.78
72.00
64.65
66.73
60.47
67.26
69.76
66.02
62.23
72.78
60.00
74.00
63.08
81.63
84.82
68.04
76.63
74.86
63.86
74.00
80.00
84.27
62.57
67.79
63.43
71.69
69.17
68.00
72.37
64.43
65.87
68.07
66.72
59.28
60.04
61.71
68.54
67.97
60.13
70.00
67.44
63.74
87.01
79.49
38.76
54.69
62.44
76.18
69.44
68.20
68.91
67.12
68.33
51.37
70.08
61.64
66.90
62.61
68.17
69.40
63.40
61.04
68.56
67.67
76.50
65.86
84.14
86.28
76.07
2.78
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] WORKING TIME — PROPORTION.
103
NUMBER OF DAYS IN OPERATION.
ALL INDUSTRIES.
1900, 1901.
[Id this presentaUon, the number of eetabllBbmento running a gpeclfled number of days
Is sbown together with the aggregate average number of persons employed In such estab-
lishments during the years 1900 and 1901.]
1900
1901
DATS 11
1900
1901
DATS IN
i
Opsratiov.
tabUsh-
Persons
Em-
Es.
tabUsh-
Persons
Em-
OPKaATIO
Es-
*^' tablish-
Persons
Em-
Es-
tablish-
Persons
Em-
ments
ployed
ments
ployed
ments
ployed
ments
ployed
24dayB, .
1
1
123dj.vs
1
16
26 days, .
-
-
1
-.
126djiVH
7
86
11
65
82 days, .
1
-
1
.
mdaVs
1
1
_
83 days, .
8
7
1
2
127dii\ H
_
2
20
39 days, .
1
18
-
_
128 dJi VH
2
9
5
65
40 days, .
2
14
6
8
129d{ivs
8
80
6
34
42 days, .
-
-
1
6
130dii:vH
6
40
5
73
48 days, .
-
-
1
4
132 days
1
4
_
-
60 days, .
-
-
4
10
183dii'\ t<
4
67
4
32
62 days, .
1
2
•
-
136dnvs
8
18
63 days, .
-
-
2
1
136dayH
3
28
1
9
60 days, .
4
6
-
-
137 da \ H
2
6
1
2
63 days, .
1
_
1
-
138da;vK
_
2
4
66 days, .
-
<-
1
26
140divs
1
1
4
31
66 days, .
1
12
_
_
141 daVs
3
97
67 days, .
-
-
1
1
148 da v^
1
_
2
4
68 days, .
•-
_
1
9
144d<vs
2
13
2
69 days, .
1
2
-
-
146davH
1
33
2
20
70 days, .
1
3
1
2
147d;rvH
_
1
4
78 days, .
1
5
-
.
148d;ivH
-
_
2
44
76 days, .
4
5
8
6
160djtvB
17
271
7
25
76 days, .
-
-
1
1
161 davH
-
_
1
9
77 days, .
1
1
1
_
162daVH
3
9
_
78 days, .
1
1
2
14
168 da vs
22
194
80
272
83 days, .
2
12
1
1
164d;iys
_
2
9
84 days, .
2
9
1
10
165 days
1
_
3
8
86 days, .
-
-
2
16
156 diiyH
4
17
4
25
86 days, .
1
1
-
—
157d;ivs
3
10
1
4
87 days, .
1
8
-
-
168daVs
_
_
2
21
88 days, .
-
-
1
10
169davH
1
25
1
7
90 days, .
1
1
3
69
160d!lVH
1
14
2
6
91 days, .
1
4
1
9
168davs
2
5
1
5
92 days, .
1
2
-
..
164d.i%f^
2
16
2
109
96 days, .
1
2
_
_
166davH
6
94
3
87
96 days, .
-
-
1
2
166diys
8
69
4
84
97 days, .
-
.
1
1
167davp
2
60
98 days, .
2
7
-
-
168d;ivs
8
48
-
-
100 days, .
12
74
8
38
ie9djrvs
2
13
_
_
101 days, .
1
1
-
-
170daVs
1
13
2
59
102 days, .
2
2
3
3
171d:iVH
2
80
2
168
108 days, .
-
-
1
32
172 dav^
2
86
1
5
104 days, .
1
1
3
37
178d'iv8
6
180
6
194
106 days, .
-
-
2
17
175da\»
8
107
16
482
106 days, .
-
-
1
82
176div8
_
8
85
108 days, .
1
18
.
-
177divB
2
6
1
4
110 days, .
1
2
1
26
178 da\ B
2
82
1
4
Ill days, .
1
16
-
-
179 divH
2
8
2
103
113 days. .
1
6
1
1
ISOdtvB
7
86
8
175
114 days, .
-
-
1
8
ISldiVB
8
80
1
18
115 days, .
-
-
2
12
182divs
4
44
4
51
116 days, .
-
_
1
1
188di:vs
2
35
1
2
117 days. .
1
6
-
-
184divrt
-
-
1
3
120 days, .
4
20
4
25
186div8
2
26
6
266
121 days, .
2
46
1
3
ISOdnvB
2
29
—
~
Digitized by VjOOQIC
104 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
NUMBER OF DAYS IN OPERATION. ALL INDUSTRIES — 1900,
1901 — CoDcluded.
1900
1901
DATS IH
1990
1901
DATS IN
Opbbation.
Es-
Persons
Es-
Persons
Es-
Persons
Es-
Persons
tablish-
Em-
tablish-
Em-
Opbbatiov.
tablish-
Em-
tablish-
Em-
ments
ployed
ments
ployed
ments
ployed
ments
ployed
188 days, .
.
.
8
73
26^MnvH, .
10
698
17
896
189 days, .
2
36
2
26
26lMiuVH, .
11
462
4
216
190 days, .
6
66
1
4
m) diiys, .
81
1,647
24
612
191 days, .
6
666
1
9
261 dnvs, .
19
1,618
19
1,908
192 days, .
6
294
1
8
262tiays, .
10
3,447
7
174
198 days. .
8
2,632
I
82
26.'I<iavH, .
11
888
16
1.000
194 days, .
6
1,281
6
938
264 (lavK, .
10
746
12
1,294
196 days, .
3
27
8
163
265 (lavs, .
16
476
16
1,764
196 days, .
1
16
8
118
26*; (IJiVK, .
16
667
16
1,982
197 days. .
3
252
1
5
267 tluvB, .
14
864
16
1,799
198 days, .
4
66
4
91
268 dnyn, .
16
856
20
8,009
199 days. .
2
145
.
26U dnvH, .
12
1,669
12
697
200 days, .
18
143
24
968
270 (hiVH, .
50
8.639
86
1,461
201 days, .
3
219
2
12
271 davH, .
12
421
13
1,802
202 days, .
1
28
6
681
272 davH, .
19
2.919
7
1,042
203 days, .
3
44
•
27;t (lays, .
18
1.069
16
660
204 days, .
7
184
2
6
274 (la\ H, .
7
680
8
1,019
206 days, .
4
111
4
20
27r)(lav.s .
60
8.871
39
2,679
206 days, .
4
31
6
869
27»)claVs, .
41
4.541
46
2,781
207 days, .
6
206
3
11
277 (lavs, .
21
2.716
16
917
208 days, .
6
266
6
84
27.S (lavs, .
16
788
23
2,077
209 days. .
-
-
1
10
27l>davs, .
22
1,206
23
1,884
210 days, .
8
167
8
108
280 da vs, .
73
2,966
81
6,906
211 days, .
6
246
.
281 daVs, .
23
1,219
80
6,890
212 days, .
1
8
8
41
28-2davri, .
49
18,228
46
6.814
218 days, .
4
74
7
827
28;)daVs, .
21
4,991
17
1,878
214 days, .
1
133
2
138
284<iaVs, .
18
1,778
17
678
216 days, .
6
366
2
81
28r)davs, .
44
4,896
48
3,479
216 days, .
6
610
6
63
28?:.!:.* -, .
67
8,718
41
3,688
217 days, .
3
229
2
66
» , .
32
1,831
33
3.692
218 days, .
3
86
8
164
2iu Uu.. , .
64
4,094
40
4,772
219 days, .
3
116
8
96
289 days, .
21
2,916
28
2,978
220 days, .
4
133
4
77
290 days, .
70
6,261
108
7,770
^^*y^' •
4
260
8
89
291 days, .
29
8,801
54
7,666
^days, .
6
306
4
42
292 days, .
48
4,654
49
9,866
223 days, .
8
195
2
69
293 days, .
58
8,967
62
6,406
224 days, .
4
183
8
301
294 days, .
88
10,390
70
6,069
226 days, .
27
884
13
496
296 days, .
40
6,616
48
6,788
226 days, .
2
31
6
232
296 days, .
80
9,116
74
9.066
227 days, .
3
328
2
46
297 days, .
42
4,424
44
3,600
2^ days, .
15
1,438
14
219
298 days, .
62
6,670
69
6,868
229 days, .
6
62
9
67
299 days, .
67
7,778
64
7.644
230 days, .
36
8,974
27
664
300 days, .
431
28,074
420
30.487
Si^^^' •
14
467
4
129
301 days, .
42
4,666
62
10.649
^days, .
3
168
8
29
802 days, .
69
6,016
78
11.196
238 days, .
2
86
8
48
803 days, .
72
8,474
89
18.636
234 days, .
11
221
9
107
304 days, .
88
11,879
96
17.091
?25?*y»» •
9
380
9
779
306 days, .
81
9,968
112
24.497
SS 5*5^8, .
9
920
8
236
306 days, .
1.707
129,862
1,717
128.966
237 days. .
4
126
4
48
307 days, .
16
7,820
244
^days, .
4
74
6
1,031
308 days, .
9
776
834
239 days, .
3
29
4
28
309 days, .
10
428
72
240 days, .
21
626
20
2,778
310 days, .
4
268
102
241 days, .
10
338
4
73
311 days, .
1
6
260
242 days, .
8
438
6
86
812 days, .
6
77
77
248 days, .
6
210
4
264
813 days, .
10
128
150
244 days, .
10
1,600
9
269
314 days, .
1
6
-
245 days, .
13
718
6
616
315 days, .
1
8
8
246 days, .
16
666
14
1,127
317 days, .
1
77
-
247 days, .
8
814
7
674
819 days, .
-
-
46
248 days, .
12
314
8
86
320 days, .
1
11
19
SS3^y«' •
4
218
6
126
329 days, .
1
38
39
260 days, .
36
1,109
31
1,011
330 days, .
1
4
7
^l^^^* '
6
62
8
486
388 days, .
1
262 days, .
9
437
8
246
839 days, .
1
8
6
263 days, .
10
800
11
3,608
360 days, .
1
9
5
264 days, .
14
696
16
532
360 days, .
1
16
-
-
266 days, .
7
232
15
1,815
365 days, .
1
8
1
10
266 days, .
267 days, .
25
1,081
1,176
9
196
11
9
669
Totals,
4,696
886,103
4,696
399,997
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] WORKING TIME — PROPORTION.
105
Analysis.
In computing the proportion of business done, maximum
production, that is to say, the greatest amount of goods that
could be turned out with the facilities existing in 1900, is con-
sidered 100 per cent, and similarly in 1901. In the 4,696
establishments making return in both years, the average pro-
portion of business done in 1900 is represented by 66.96 per
cent and in 1901 by 68.09 per cent.
By reference to the presentation upon pages 101 and 102 it will
be noted that, considering the nine leading industries, seven,
namely. Boots and Shoes, Carpetings, Leather, Metals and Me-
tallic Goods, Paper, Woollen Goods, and Worsted Goods show
greater proportion of business done in 1901 than in 1900, and
that two of the nine leading industries, Cotton Goods and Ma-
chines and Machinery, show smaller proportion of business done
in 1901 than in 1900. In All Industries the increase in propor-
tion of business done in 1901 as against 1900 was 1.69 per cei^t.
In the head-note to the presentation on pages 101 and 102, it
is stated that the average number of days in operation is based
not on establishments but upon the average number of persons
employed, the number of days being multiplied by the figures
representing the average number of persons, and the sum
divided by the aggregate average number of persons, thus
obtaining an average for each of the industries considered and
for All Industries. The average number of days in operation
for All Industries in 1900 was 290.88 and in 1901, 292.78, an
increase in the latter year of 1.90 days, or 0.65 per cent.
In the following table, we bring forward the data for the
nine leading industries and show the increase or decrease in
1901 as compared with 1900 :
iNpU
AVERAOB NnMBEB
OF DATS IK Operation
1900
Boots and shoes (ag^egate),
Factory product, .
Boles, heels, and cut stock,
Findings, ...
Stitching, heeling, etc..
284.99
284.26
291.10
294.96
288.51
1001
290.49
290.13
293.86
297.70
292.11
INCBEASB (+)
OB DBCBBASU (— ) IN
1001
Days Percentages
+§.60
+6.87
+2.26
+2.74
+3.60
+1.93
+2.07
+0.78
+0.93
+1.JJ6
Digitized by VjOOQIC
106 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
IlTDUSTRtBS.
AvBRAOx Number
OF DATS XV OPK&ATIOH
1900
Carpetings 802.52
Cotton goods (aggregate), .... 299.18
Woven goods 298.71
Yarn and thread 301.92
Waste ! 304.94
Leather ' 297.18
Machines and machinery, .' 291.94
Metals and metallic goods I 298.21
Paper I 274.16
Woollen goods (aggregate) 292.84
Woven goods and yam 293.38
Shoddy, waste, etc 276.53
Worsted goods, 275.33
Nine industries.
Other industries.
All industries, .
291.88
289.00
290.88
1901
300.43
296.18
296.08
296.55
305.39
301.07
297.63
296.09
287.46
292.60
292.76
288.04
290.88
294.20
290.18
292.78
iNOBBASa (+)
OB DBCBBA8B (— ) XV
IfNIl
Days
Percentages
—2.00
-2.96
-2.63
—5.87
4^.. 6
+3.89
+6.59
+2.88
+13.31
—0.24
-0.62
+11.51
+16.60
+2.32
+1.13
+1.90
—0.69
-0.99
—0.88
—1.78
+0.15
+1.31
+1.91
+0.98
+4.86
—0.06
—0.21
+4.16
+5.63
+0.79
+0.89
+0.65
With the exceptions of Carpetings, Cotton Goods, and Wool-
len Goods, each of these nine leading industries shows in-
crease in the average number of days in operation in 1901 as
compared with 1900, Worsted Goods leading, with a gain of
15.50 days, or 5.63 per cent. The decreases shown are com-
paratively small, being less than a full day in Woollen Goods,
slightly over two days in the carpeting industry, and about
three days in Cotton Goods.
From the presentation on pages 103 and 104, which shows for
All Industries the number of establishments running a specified
number of days together with the average number of persons
employed therein, we are enabled to prepare the following
table showing the running time by periods :
NUMBBB OF
ESTABLISHMBNTS
Pebgbntaobs
1900
1001
1900
1901
Under 76 days, . ...
76 but under 162 days,
152 but under 229 days,
229 but under 256 days,
256 but under 281 days,
281 but under 306 days,
306 days and over,
22
96
301
288
549
1,666
1,772
24
102
277
246
500
1,778
1,768
0.47
2.09
6.41
6.18
11.69
85.48
37.73
0.61
2.17
6.90
5.24
10.65
37.86
37.67
Totals
4,696
4,696
100.00
100.00
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] WORKING TIME — PROPORTION.
107
The total number of working days in the year, exclusive of
Sundays and holidays, was 306. Some of the establishments
ran more than 306 days, and therefore were in operation not
only upon working days but upon either holidays or Sundays.
From this table it appears that 37.73 per cent of all the estab-
lishments were in operation during the entire year in 1900 and
37.67 per cent in 1901. In 1901, 0.51 per cent of the estab-
lishments ran less than three months, 2.17 per cent three
months but less than six months, 5.90 per cent six months
but less than nine months, 5.24 per cent nine months but less
than ten months, 10.65 per cent ten months but less than
eleven months, 37.86 per cent eleven months but less than
twelve months, and 37.67 per cent twelve months.
In 1900, 54.41 per cent of all the establishments ran 300
days and over. The corresponding percentage for 1901 was
55.79. Allowing six days for a vacation and excluding Sun-
days and holidays, it may be considered that over one-half of
the establishments were in operation during the entire year.
In the following table, we show the possible working time in
comparison with the actual running time.
Classification of Ykarlt Wohkimg Time.
Number of
Estab-
lishments
Con-
sidered
NUICBBB OF DATS
1900
1901
Possible working time^
Actual running time,
Lost time,
Percentage of actual running time of possible
working time,
4,696
4,696
4,696
4,696
1,436,976
1,326,385
110,591
92.30
1,436,976
1,330,826
106,150
92.61
The aggregate number of possible working days for the 4,696
establishments was 1,436,976. The actual running time, based
upon the number of days in operation as returned by each es-
tablishment, amounted to 1,326,385 days in 1900 and 1,330,826
in 1901. This indicates that the actual number of days lost,
due to various causes, such as vacations, repairs, strikes, etc.,
was 110,591 in 1900 and 106,150 in 1901. The lost time,
expressed in percentages, is very slight, being 7.70 in 1900 and
7.39 in 1901. The establishments, as a whole, covered 92.30
per cent of the entire working time for the year in 1900 and
92.61 per cent in 1901.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
108 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Gheneral Summary of Industrial Oonditions.
In the following table, we bring forward the data relating
to All Industries drawn from the several presentations for 1900
and 1901 :
Classification.
Nnmber of establishments considered,
Number of private firms,
Nnmber of corporations,
Number of industrial combinations,
Number of partners.
Males, ....
Females,
Special and estates,
Number of stockholders.
Males, ....
Females, . ' .
Banks, trustees, etc., .
Average partnej^'s to a private firm,
Average stockholders to a corporation.
Capital devoted to production.
Value of stock used.
Value of goods made and work done,
Persons employed :
Average number
Males,
Females,
Smallest number,
Greatest number,
Excess of greatest over smallest,
Total amount paid in wages, .
Average yearly earnings (without re-
gard to sex or age) , . . . .
Males,*
Females,*
Young persons,*
Average proportion of business done.
Average number of days in operation.
1900
4,690
8,323
1,225
19
5,218
4,951
168
99
47,410
26,584
15,602
5,224
1.57
38.70
$462,101,015
$471,452,564
$825,540,858
386,103
258,682
127,421
322,200
440,363
118,163
$170,505,516
$441.61
$530.82
$334.70
$228.33
66.96
290.88
1»«1
4,696
1,272
20
5,091
4,828
172
91
49,038
27,360
16,353
6,325
^ 1.56
38.55
$478,075,904
$503,326,395
$869,771,876
399,997
269,324
130,673
339,405
456,137
116,732
$179,851,715
$449.63
$542.23
$342.68
$231.85
68.09
292.78
INCBKASB (+) OB
DBCBBASK (— ) IN 1901
Amoonts
—61
-H7
+1
—127
—123
+4
—8
+1,628
+776
+751
+101
-0.01
—0.15
+$15,974,889
+$31,873,831
+$44,231,018
+13,894
+10,642
+3,252
+17,205
+15,774
—1,431
+$9,346,199
+$8.02
+$11.41
+$7.98
+$3.52
+1.13
+1.90
Percent-
ages
—1.84
+5.84
+5.26
—2.43
—2.48
+2.38
—8.08
+3.43
+2.92
+4.81
+1.93
—0.64
—0.39
+3.46
+6.76
+5.36
+3.60
+4.11
+2.56
+5.34
+3.58
—1.21
+5.48
+1.82
+2.15
+2.38
+1..54
+1.69
+0.65
* Estimated.
The changes in each of the elements summarized in the fore-
going table when reduced to the basis of percentages are at
Digitized by VjOOQIC
ifo. 36.]
GENERAL SUMMARY.
109
once apparent. These changes, of course, indicate improve-
ment in the condition of the industries, in the aggregate, in
1901 as compared with 1900. The decrease in the number of
private firms, it should be borne in mind, is due to changes
from an individual or partnership basis to that of the corpora-
tion on the part of establishments making return in each year.
The same reason accounts for the increase in the number of
<5orporations and industrial conibinations.
These reports are rendered by identical establishments in
^ach year, and in the 4,696 returns considered in this volume,
<5apital devoted to production increased 3.46 per cent, value
of stock used increased 6.76 per cent, and the value of goods
made and work done increased 5.36 per cent.
The average number of persons employed exhibits an increase
of 3.60 per cent and the total amount paid in wages shows an
increase of 5.48 per cent. The range of unemployment was
narrower in 1901 than in 1900. An increase is shown in the
average yearly earnings.
From the percentages of increase and decrease in the value
of goods made and work done as shown for 4,696 establish-
ments on pages 65 and 66, we estimate the value of product
in all the establishments engaged in manufacturing and me-
chanical industries of the State. The figures are presented in
the following table :
Estimated Valtie of Goods Made and Work Done — 1901.
IlIDUSTBIXB.
Valuk of
Goods Made and
WoBK Dons
Agricultural implements, .
Arms and ammunition,
Artisans' tools, .
Awnings, sails, tents, etc., .
Bicycles, tricycles, etc.,
3oot8 and shoes, .
Boxes, barrels, kegs, etc., .
Boxes (paper).
Brick, tiles, and sewer pipe.
Brooms, brushes, and mops.
Building, ....
Building materials,
Burial caskets, coffins, etc..
Buttons and dress trimmings.
$1,317,946
3,824,233
3,990,632
746,317
2,085,303
161,916,863
6,140,785
2,975,258
1,601,616
2,046,275
77,963,370
2,630,689
722,190
963,674
Digitized by VjOOQIC
110 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Estimated Valice of Goods Made and Work Bone — 1901 — Continued.
INDU8TBIB8.
Valub of
Goods Madr and
Work Donk
CarpetingB,
Carriages and wagons, ....
Cement, kaolin, lime, and plaster, .
Chemical preparations (compounded), .
Clocks and watches,
Clothing,
C ooking, lighting, and heating apparatus,
Cordage and twine
Cotton goods,
Crayons, pencils, crucibles, etc.,
Drugs and medicines,
Dyestuffs
Earthen, plaster, and stone ware, .
Electrical apparatus and appliances,
Electroplating,
Emery and sand paper and cloth, etc., .
Fancy articles, etc
Fertilizers,
Fine arts and taxidermy,
Fireworks and matches,
Flax, hemp, and jute goods, . . . .
Food preparations,
Furniture,
Gas and residual products, . . . .
Glass,
Glue, isinglass, and starch, . . . .
Hair work (animal and human),
Hose and belting: rubber, linen, etc.,
Hosiery and knit goods,
Ink, mucilage, and paste,
Ivory, bone, shell, and horn goods, etc.,
Jewelry,
Leather,
Leather goods,
Liquors (bottled) and carbonated beverages.
Liquors (malt),
Liquors (distilled),
Lumber,
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods
Models, lasts, and patterns, . . . .
Musical instruments and materials, .
Oils and illuminating fluids, . . . .
$8,211,4^3
8,168,453
618,030
2,163,453
3,697,588
47,764,304
4,394,680
9,617,435
118,324,361
169,430
6,481,533
556,282
512,459
12,671,730
289,214
1,079,221
990,802
2,304,662
56,214
152,799
6,145,716
102,332,213
19,300,301
7,891,317
368,193
1,442,001
341,283
568,391
594,572
2,377,768
10,418,487
27,196,840
3,645,440
2,556,054
11,583,541
2,969,024
5,245,421
58,450,114
57,665,968
1,388,930
7,338,178
2,876,162
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] GENERAL SUMMAEY. Ill
Estimated Value of Goods Made and Work Done — 1901 — Concluded.
Yaluk op
Qooos Made and
Work Don«
Paints, colors, and crude chemicals.
Paper,
Paper goods,
Perfumes, toilet articles, etc., .
Photographs and photographic materials,
Polishes and dressing,
Printing, publishing, and bookbinding, .
Print works, dye works, and bleacheries,
Bailroad construction and equipment, .
Rubber and elastic goods, ....
Saddlery and harness, ....
Scientific instruments and appliances, .
Shipbuilding,
Silk and silk goods,
Sporting and athletic goods,
Stone,
Straw and palm leaf goods.
Tallow, candles, soap, and grease, .
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars.
Toys and games (children's), .
Trunks and valises
Whips, lashes, and stocks, ....
Wooden goods,
Woollen goods,
Worsted goods,
All Industries, ....
$1,756,057
24,577,022
8,789,367
263,778
2,297,820
2,647,919
27,463,018
27,084,794
4,060,338
32,613,268
1,529,135
2,589,626
3,590,161
5,243,678
731,339
6,028,116
6,198,685
4,930,281
6,646,321
733,756
181,861
1,631,966
3,372,657
42,694,922
41,627,419
$1,092,968,378
It should be borne in mind that while the above figures are
estimates, they are based upon returns made by the representa-
tive establishments of the Commonwealth. In other words,
had a complete Census been taken on December 31, 1901, the
aggregate value of the product in all the establishments would
have approximated $1,092,958,378, and the value of the out-
put in the several industries would have approximated the
figures shown for them in the above table.
The next table brings forward for the nine leading industries
the value of goods made, stock used, and wages paid, together
with the industry product and the profit and minor expense
fund for the year 1901.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
112 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
INDUSTBIES.
Value of
Goods Made
Value of
Stock Used
Indnstrr
Product
Paid
in
Wages
Profit
and Minor
Expense
Fund
Boots and shoes,
Carpetings,
Cotton goods, .
Leather, . . * .
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods.
Paper, ....
Woollen goods, .
Worsted goods.
$142,275,334
8,211,488
117,078,409
26,896,712
49,136,267
46,768,140
24,344,202
42,694,922
89,672,642
$89,986,147
4,702,924
69,629,296
18,992,763
17,820,367
24,786,286
18,606,791
24,194,838
24,763,667
$62,289,187
3,608,669
47,649,111
6,903^949
31,316,900
21,967,904
10,788,411
18,400,084
14,909,076
$30,096,416
1,802,462
32,617,806
3,16^,880
16,171,118
12,461,467
4,157,628
8,894,618
6,314,431
$22,192,772
1,706,107
14,931,306
3,740,069
16,144,782
9,516,447
6,680,783
9,606,466
8,594,644
It is proper to explain the meaning of " industry product^'
and <' profit and minor expense fund," designations used in the
above table. By industry product is meant the actual result of
the productive forces of the industry, that is, the added value
created above the value of stock and materials consumed. This
value is obtained by deducting from the total value of goods
made the costvalue of stock used, the difference being the added
value or actual product due to the industry. In the division of
the proceeds of each industry, one part of the industry product
is paid to the labor force in the form of wages, this being labor's
share of the product. The balance constitutes a fund from
which are paid freights, insurance, interest on loans (credit
capital), interest on stock (fixed or invested capital), rents,
taxes, commissions, salaries, etc., in fact, all expenses other
than those for stock and wages. The remainder, if any, is the
profit of the employer. The entire balance of the industry
product remaining after the deduction of the amount paid in
wages, becomes a profit and minor expense fund, and is thus
designated in the table. Of course, it will be understood that
the term ''minor expense" is relative. The expenses, some
of which we have enumerated, paid out of this balance, are in
themselves considerable in amount, and are only to be classed
as '' minor " in comparison with the generally larger amounts
expended for stock and materials and wages.
The next table presents, for the year 1901, the actual prod-
uct for $1,000 of capital devoted to production in each of the
nine leading industries, the average product per employ^, the
percentages of industry product paid in wages, and the per-
centages devoted to other expenses :
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.]
GENERAL SUMMARY.
113
Capital
Devoted to
Pro-
duction
Average
Persons
Employed
INDUSTUT PBODDCT
Pbrckntaoes op
IMDUSTBT Product
IMDUSTBUS.
Per $1,000
of
Capital
Average
per
Employ^
Devoted
to Profit and
Minor
Expenses
Paid In
Wages
Boots and shoes,
Carpetings, ....
Cotton goods.
Leather, ....
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metalUc goods.
Paper, . . ...
Woollen goods, .
Worsted goods, .
$27,327,544
5,957,590
126,845,729
8,705,176
40,707,639
23,793,479
20,012,943
25,791,680
15,831,665
62,829
4,573
89,669
6,601
27,508
22,295
9,383
22.076
16,196
$1,913.42
688.92
374.86
793.09
769.29
923.27
536.57
713.41
941.73
$838.92
767.23
680.27
1,045.89
1,138.43
985.33
1,144.45
a33.49
920.54
42.44
48.63
31.40
54.17
51.55
43.32
61.28
51.66
57.66
67.56
51.37
68.60
45.83
48.45
56.68
38.72
48.34
42.35
The largest product per $1,000 of capital devoted to produc-
tion is found in Boots and Shoes, namely, $1,913.42. No other
industry approaches this figure. The nearest to it, however,
is Worsted Goods, the industry product being $941.73. Fol-
lowing this industry ranks Metals and Metallic Goods, in which
the industry product is $923.27. Next come Leather, Ma-
chines and Machinery, and Woollen Goods, in which the indus-
try products are $793.09^, $769.29, and $713.41, respectively.
Carpetings and Paper follow, with an industry product of
$588.92 and $536.57, respectively. Cotton Goods finds last
place with an industry product per $1,000 of capital devoted
to production of $374.86.
These figures afford an indication of the efficiency of the
capital devoted to production in these industries during 1901,
and those which present the average industry product per em-
ploy6 may be considered as indicating the efficiency of labor.
With respect to this point, Paper leads the other industries,
the average product per employ^ being $1,144.45. Closely
following, however, are Machines and Machinery and Leather
in which averages of $1,138.43 and $1,045.89, respectively,
appear. Metals and Metallic Goods and Worsted Goods show
averages of $985.33 and $920.54, respectively, and are fol-
lowed by Boots and Shoes ($838.92),WoolIen Goods ($833.49),
Carpetings ($767.23), and Cotton Gaods ($530.27).
When the percentage of industry product paid in wages is
considered. Cotton Goods leads, the percentage being 68.60.
No other industry approaches this within 10 per cent, the
Digitized by VjOOQIC
114 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
nearest being Boots and Shoes with a percentage of 57.56,
followed by Metals and Metallic Goods with a percentage
of 56.68, and Carpetings, in which the percentage is 51.37.
Next ranks Machines and Machinery, the percentage being
48.45, and, in turn. Woollen Goods, Leather, Worsted Goods,
and Paper, in which the percentages are 48.34, 45.83, 42.35,
and 38.72, respectively. These percentages of industry prod-
uct paid in wages are the complements of the percentages of
industry product devoted to profit and minor expenses, these
two items aggregating 100 per cent, or the whole of the in-
dustry product.
In the following presentation, the rank of the different indus-
tries in 1901, as regards the amount of industry product per
$1,000 of capital devoted to production, is compared with the
rank of the same industries for 1900, as derived from the re-
port on Annual Statistics of Manufactures for that year :
1900.
Boots and Shoes.
Metals and Metallic Goods.
Worsted Groods.
Machines and Machinery.
Leather.
Woollen Goods.
Carpetings.
Cotton Goods.
Paper.
1901.
Boots and Shoes.
Worsted Goods.
Metals and Metallic Goods.
Leather.
Machines and Machinery.
Woollen Goods.
Carpetings.
Paper.
Cotton Goods.
All of the industries changed from the position held in 1900
except Boots and Shoes, Woollen Goods, and Carpetings.
With respect to the average industry product per employ^
the rank of the industries in each of the years appears as fol-
lows :
1900.
Machines and Machinery.
Paper.
Metals and Metallic G<x)ds.
Leather.
Worsted Goods.
Boots and Shoes.
Woollen Goods.
Carpetings.
Cotton Groods.
1901.
Paper.
Machines and Machinery.
Leather.
Metals and Metallic Goods.
Worsted Goods.
Boots and Shoes.
Woollen Groods.
Carpetings.
Cotton Goods.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.]
GENERAL SUMMARY.
115
The first four industries exchanged places with each other
in 1901 as compared with 1900, while the other five held the
same rank in both of the years.
The next comparison relates to the industry product paid
in wages, the industries ranking as follows :
1900.
Carpetings.
Boots and Shoes.
Cotton Goods.
Metals and Metallic Goods.
Leather.
Machines and Machinery.
Woollen Goods.
Worsted Goods.
Paper.
1901.
Cotton Goods.
Boots and Shoes.
Metals and Metallic Goods.
Carpetings.
Machines and Machinery.
Woollen Goods.
Leather.
Worsted Goods.
Paper.
The only industries retaining the same rank in 1901 as
obtained in 1900 are Boots and Shoes, Worsted Goods, and
Paper.
In consideration of the question of possible profits, we show,
in the following pages, a series of tables for the nine leading
industries comparing 1901 with 1900. The first relates to
Boots and Shoes.
Boots and Shoes. [Comparison for 692 Establishments.]
Classification.
Amount of capital devoted to production,
Value of goods made and work done (gross product),
Value of stock used and other materials consumed In production,
Industry product (gross product less value of stock and mate-
rials),
Wages (labor's direct share of product)
Profit and minor expense fund (industry product less wages) ,
Percentage of industry product paid in wages, . . . .
Percentage of industry product devoted to profit and minor ex-
penses,
Percentage of profit and minor expense fund of capital devoted
to production
$26,560,748
$126,471,177
$78,914,923
$46,656,254
$26,602,961
$20,053,293
56.93
43.07
78.48
$27,827,644
$142,275,334
$89,986,147
$52,289,187
$30,096,415
$22,192,772
57.56
42.44
81.21
The percentage of industry product paid in wages in 1900
was 56.93, and in 1901, 57.56, an increase in the last named
year. Of course, the percentage of industry product devoted
Digitized by VjOOQIC
116 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
to profit and minor expenses shows a decrease in 1901 as com-
pared with 1900, it being the complement of the percentage
of industry product paid in wages. The percentage which
this profit and minor expense fund formed of capital devoted
to production was 81.21 in 1901 as against 78.48 in 1900 ;
that is to say, a larger portion of the amount remaining in
this industry, after eliminating the cost of stock and materials,,
was devoted to wages in 1901 than in 1900, leaving a slightly
smaller amount for the payment of expenses (other than wages^
and materials) and for profit, and this amount formed a larger
percentage of the total capital devoted to production in the
industry in 1901 than in 1900. On the basis of these percent-
ages, therefore, conditions were slightly more favorable for the
workman in 1901 than for the employer.
A similar comparison for Carpetings follows :
Carpetings. [Comparison for 9 Establishments.]
CLASSIFICATIOir.
_
Amount of capital devoted to production,
Value of goods made and work done (gross product) , .
Value of stock used and other materials consumed in production,
Industry product (gross product less value of stock and mate-
rials)
Wages (labor's direct share of product)
Profit and minor expense fund (industry product less wages), .
Percentage of industry product paid in wages, ....
Percentage of industry product devoted to profit and minor ex-
penses,
Percentage of profit and minor expense fund of capital devoted
to production,
1900
$6,046,740
$5,957,590
$8,398,602
$8,211,48^
$6,361,326
$4,702,924
$3,047,276
$3,508,559
$1,681,974
$1,802,452:
$1,366,302
$1,706,107
56.20
51.37
44.80
48.6
8.6*
Unlike Boots and Shoes, in this industry the percentage of
industry product paid in wages shows a decline from 55.20
in 1900 to 51.37 in 1901, while a corresponding increase ap-
pears in the percentage of industry product devoted to profit
and minor expenses. The percentage of profit and minor ex-
pense fund of capital was 22.58 in 1900 as against 28.64 in
1901.
The next table presents a comparison for Cotton Goods^
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] GENERAL SUMMARY.
Cotton Goods. [Comparison for 157 Establishments.]
117
Classification.
1900
1901
Amount of capital devoted to productioiiy
Yalne of goods made and work done (gross product), .
Value of stock used and other materials consumed In production,
Industry product (gross product less value of stock and mate-
rials),
Wages (labor's direct share of product),
Profit and minor expense fund (industry product less wages), .
Percentage of industry product paid in wages
Percentage of Industry product devoted to profit and minor ex-
penses,
Percentage of profit and minor expense fund of capital devoted
to production,
$128,861,346
$124,086,810
$66,573,721
$68,613,089
$82,997,467
$26,616,632
56.89
43.61
19.88
$126,846,729
$117,078,409
$69,629,298
$47,549,111
$32,617,806
$14,931,306
68.60
31.40
11.77
In this industry, the percentages of industry product paid in
wages rose from 56.39 in 1900 to 68.60 in 1901. Of course,
the percentage devoted to profit and minor expenses corre-
spondingly declined from 43.61 in 1900 to 31.40 in 1901.
The profit and minor expense fund formed 19.88 per cent of
capital devoted to production in 1900 and 11.77 per cent in
1901.
The next table relates to Leather.
Leather. [Comparison for 100 Establishments.]
Classification.
1001
Amount of capital devoted to production,
Value of goods made and work done (gross product), .
Value of stock used and other materials consumed in production.
Industry product (gross product less value of stock and mate-
rials),
Wages (labor's direct share of product),
Profit and minor expense fund (industry product less wages), .
Percentage of industry product paid in wages, . . . .
Percentage of industry product devoted to profit and minor ex-
penses
Percentage of profit and minor expense fund of capital devoted
to production
$7,798,468
$22,355,846
$16,982,441
$6,373,406
$2,857,736
$2,615,669
53.18
46.82
32.26
$8,705,176
$25,896,712
$18,992,763
$6,903,949
$3,163,8S0
$3,740,069
45.83
54.17
42.96
The percentages of industry product paid in wages in this
industry in 1900 and 1901 were 53.18 and 45.83, respectively,
a decrease in the last named year. Deducting wages, the fund
Digitized by VjOOQIC
118 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
devoted to profit and minor expenses rose from 46.82 per cent
in 1900 to 54.17 per cent in 1901, and this fund formed 42.96
per cen|i of capital devoted to production in 1901 as against
32.26 per cent in 1900.
The next table presents a comparison for Machines and
Machinery.
Machines and Machinery, [Comparison for 356 Establishments.]
CLASSmCATION.
1901
Amount of capital devoted to production,
Value of goods made and work done (gross product), .
Value of stock used and other materials consumed in production,
Industry product (gross product less value of stock and mate-
rials),
Wages (labor's direct share of product),
Profit and minor expense fund (industry product less wages), .
Percentage of industry product paid in wages, ....
Percentage of industry product devoted to profit and minor ex-
penses,
Percentage of profit and minor expense fund of capital devoted
to production,
$38,889,960
$49,260,905
$18,163,148
$81,097,757
$15,559,916
$15,587,841
50.04
49.96
40.47
$40,707,639
$49,136,267
$17,820,367
$31,815,900
$15,171,118
$16,144,782
48.45
51.55
As in the preceding industry, a decrease in the percentage of
industry product paid in wages appears, the percentage being
48.45 in 1901 as against 50.04 in 1900. The percentage of
industry product devoted to profit and minor expenses shows
an increase from 49.96 in 1900 to 51.55 in 1901, and a de-
crease is found in the percentage of profit and minor expense
fund of the capital devoted to production, 40.47 in 1900 as
against 39.66 in 1901.
A comparison for Metals and Metallic Goods follows :
Metals and Metallic Goods, [Comparison for 368 Establishments.]
CLASSnnCATION.
1900
1901
Amount of capital devoted to production,
Value of goods made and work done (gross product), .
Value of stock used and other materials consumed in production.
Industry product (gross product less value of stock and mate-
rials),
$22,858,783
$41,011,206
$21,976,723
$19,034,482
$U,099,780
$7,934,702
$23,793,479
$46,763,140
$24,786,236
$21,967,904
Wages (labor's direct share of product)
Profit and minor expense fund (industry product less wages), .
$12,451,467
$9,616,447
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.]
GENERAL SUMMARY.
119
Metals and Metallic Goods. [Comparison for 368 Establishments]
— Concluded.
Classification.
1901
Percentage of Industry product paid in wages, ....
Percentage of industry product devoted to profit and minor ex-
penses,
Percentage of profit and minor expense fund of capital devoted
to production,
56.68
43.32
40.00
In this industry, the percentage of industry product paid in
wages declined from 58.31 in 1900 to 56.68 in 1901. The
percentage of industry product devoted to profit and minor
expenses rose correspondingly from 41.69 in 1900 to 43.32
in 1901. The percentage of profit and minor expense fund of
capital devoted to production rose from 34.71 in 1900 to 40
in 1901.
The facts for Paper are shown in the next table.
Paper. [Comparison for 75 Establishments.]
Classification.
1900
1901
Amount of capital devoted to production,
Value of goods made and work done (gross product), .
Value of stock used and other materials consumed in production,
Industry product (gross product less value of stock and mate-
rials),
Wages (labor's direct share of product),
Profit and minor expense fimd (industry product less wages), .
Percentage of industry product paid in wages, . . . .
Percentage of industry product devoted to profit and minor ex-
penses,
Percentage of profit and minor expense fund of capital devoted
to production,
$19,826,766
$20,012,943
$21,836,119
$24,344,202
$12,673,366
$13,606,791
$9,261,763
$10,738,411
$3,792,941
$4,167,628
$6,468,812
$6,680,783
40.96
38.72
69.06
61.28
27.68
32.88
In this industry, the percentage of industry product paid
in wages fell from 40.95 in 1900 to 38.72 in 1901, while the
percentage of industry product devoted to profit and minor
expenses rose from 59.05 in 1900 to 61.28 in 1901, accom-
panied by an increase which the percentage of profit and
minor expense fund formed of capital devoted to production,
namely, 27.58 in 1900 as against 32.88 in 1901.
The next table relates to Woollen Goods.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
120 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Woollen Goods, [Comparison for 148 Establishments.]
CLASSmCATION.
Amountof capital devoted to production, . . . . .
Value of goods made and work done (gross product),
Value of stock used and other materials consumed in production,
Industry product (gross product less yalue of stock and mate.
rials),
Wages (labor's direct share of product),
Profit and minor expense fund (industry product less wages), .
Percentage of industry product paid in wages, ....
Percentage of industry product devoted to profit and minor ex-
penses,
Percentage of profit and minor expense fund of capital devoted
to production,
$26,600,8d3
$26,791,680
$40,865,404
$42,594,922
$28,887,476
$24,194,838
$16,977,928
$18,400,084
$8,663,043
$8,894,618
$8,414,886
$9,505,466
50.44
48.34
49.56
51.66
31.76
36.85
In this industry, also, there is noted a falling off in the per-
centage of industry product paid in wages, which fell from
50.44 in 1900 to 48.34 in 1901, accompanied by an increase in
the percentage of industry product devoted to profit and minor
expenses, which rose from 49.56 in 1900 to 51.66 in 1901.
The percentage of profit and minor expense fund of capital de-
voted to production also shows an increase in 1901 as against
1900, the figures being 36.85 and 31.75, respectively.
The final comparison covers the facts for Worsted Goods.
Worsted Goods, [Comparison for 38 Establishments.]
CLA88IFICATIOK.
1900
1901
Amount of capital devoted to production,
Value of goods made and work done (gross product),
Value of stock used and other materials consumed in production,
Industry product (gross product less value of stock and mate-
rials),
Wages (labor's direct share of prodiict),
Profit and minor expense fund (industry product less wages), .
Percentage of industry product paid in wages, ....
Percentage of industry product devoted to profit and minor ex-
penses,
Percentage of profit and minor expense fund of capital devoted
to production
$15,588,639
$32,805,027
$19,947,194
$12,857,833
$6,427,372
$7,430,461
42.21
57.79
47.67
$15,831,665
$39,672,642
$24,763,567
$14,909,075
$6,314,431
$8,594,644
42.36
57.66
54.29
A slight increase in the percentage of industry product paid
in wages is found in this industry, namely, 42.21 in 1900 as
against 42.35 in 1901. The percentage of industry product
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] GENERAL SUMMARY. 121
devoted to profit and minor expenses shows an equally small
decrease from 57.79 in 1900 to 57.65 in 1901, while the per-
centage of profit and minor expense fund of capital devoted to
production rose from 47.67 in 1900 to 54.29 in 1901.
Condensed Statements.
On the basis of the reports made by the 4,696 representative
establishments, the following condensed general statements
may be made regarding the manufacturing and mechanical
industries in the Conmionwealth for the years 1900 and 1901 :
Capital Devoted to Production.
The increase in capital devoted to production in 1901 as
compared with 1900 in All Industries amounted to 3.46 per
cent. This increase does not necessarily imply an investment
of more money in industrial enterprises^ nor^ on the other handy
does a decrease imply the withdrawal of capital, since there are
various elements by which it is affected. For example, a small
amount of stock on hand or in process of manufacture at the
time the return is made would have its effect in showing dimin-
ished capitalization, without, of course, affecting the condition of
the industry ; and, on the other hand, an investment in stock
purchased in a favorable market^ the same being held at the
time of making the return^ would render the amount of capital
relatively larger than would be found at a time when the stock
on hand was comparatively light.
Concerning the nine leading industries, the following facts
appear: Boots and Shoes shows an increase in capital devoted
to production of 6.95 per cent; Leather, 11.63 per cent; Ma-
chines and Machinery, 6.04 per cent; Metals and Metallic
Goods, 4.09 per cent; Paper, 0.94 per cent; and Worsted
Goods^ 1.56 per cent. A decrease in amount of capital devoted
to production is shown in Carpetings of 1.46 per cent; Cotton
Goods, 1.17 per cent; and Woollen Goods, 2.67 per cent.
The aggregate for the nine leading industries exhibits an in-
crease of 1.40 per cent.
Stock and Materials Used.
Considered in the aggregate, the value of stock and materials
used in All Industries in 1901 shows an increase of 6.76 per
Digitized by VjOOQIC
122 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
cent as coynpared with 1900. Boots and Shoes shows an in-
crease of 14.03 jper cent ; Cotton Goods^ 6.03 per cent; Leather^
11.84 per cent; Metals and Metallic Goods ^ 12.78 per cent;
Paper ^ 8.21 per cent; Woollen Goods^ 1.29 per cent; and
Worsted Goods ^ 24.14 per cent. Carpetings and Machines
and Machinery show percentages of decrease of 12.12 and
1.89y respectively. The increase in the value of stock used in
the nine leading industries in the aggregate was 9.50 per cent.
Goods Made and Work Done.
The aggregate value of goods made and work done in All
Industries in 1901 as compared with 1900 shows an increase
of 5.36 per cent. In six of the nine leading industries per-
centages of increase are shown as follows : Boots and ShoeSy
13.39; Leather y 15.84; Metals and Metallic Goods, 14;
Paper, 11.49; Woollen Goods, 4.23; and Worsted Goods,
20.93. Carpetings shows a decrease of 2.23 per cent. Cotton
Goods, 5.65 per cent, and Machines and Machinery, 0.25 per
cent. The aggregate increase for the 7iine leading industries
was 6.41 per cent.
On the basis of the returns made by these 4, 696 establish-
ments, supposing a complete canvass of all establishments engaged
in manufacturing and mechanical industries to have been made
in 1901, the value of goods made and work done for the nine
leading industries would have been, approximately ^ as follows:
Boots and Shoes, .
Carpetings^
Cotton Goods,
Leather,
Machines and Machinery,
Metals and Metallic Goods,
Paper, . . ' .
Woollen^ Goods,
Worsted Goods^
$161,916,863
8,211,483
118,324,361
27,196,840
58,450,114
57,565,968
24,577,022
42,594,922
41,627,419
On the same basis, the estimated value of goods made and work
done for the State during the year 1901 is $1,092,958,378.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] GENERAL SUMMARY. 123
Persons Employed.
The increase in the average number of persons employed in
All Industries in 1901 as compared with 1900 was 3.60 per
cent. An increase is also shown in the smallest number of per-
sons employed of 5,34 per cent and in the greatest number of
persons employed of 3,58 per cent, with a range of unemploy-
ment narrower in 1901 than in 1900 by 1,431 persons^ or
1,21 per cent. In seven of the nine leading industries increase
in the average number of persons employed appears as follows:
Boots and Shoes^ 9,46 per cent; Oarpetings, 5,61 per cent;
Leather^ 12,20 per cent; Metals and Metallic Goods, 7,91 per
cent; Paper, 4,57 per cent; Woollen Goods, 2,50 per cent;
and Worsted Goods, 13,31 per cent. In the other two of the
nine leading industries decreases are shown; Cotton Goods,
1.47 per cent, and Machines and Machinery, 2,91 per cent.
The average number of males employed in All Industries in-
creased 4,11 per cent and females 2.55 per cent.
Wages Paid.
The total amount paid in wages in the 4,696 establishments
increased 5,48 per cent in 1901 as compared with 1900. In
seven of the nine leading industries the following percentages of
increase appear : Boots and Shoes, 13,56; Oarpetings, 7.16;
Leather, 10,71; Metals and Metallic Goods, 12,18; Paper,
9,61; Woollen Goods, 3,87; and Worsted Goods, 16.34,
In the other two industries the following percentages of decrease
appear: Cotton Goods, 1,15^ and Machines and Machinery,
2.50.
Average Yearly Earnings.
The average yearly earnings per individual, without regard
to sex or age, was $441,61 in 1900, and $449,63 in 1901,
an increase of $8,02, or 1,82 per ceni in the latter year.
The range from highest to lowest average, in 1901, was from
$816.32 in Liquors {Malt) to $320,45 in Flax, Hemp, and
Jute Ghods. The higher earnings rule in the industries de-
manding greater skill and employing males chiefly, and the
lower in factory industries employing a large proportion of
Digitized by VjOOQIC
124 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [P. D. No. 36.
females and young persons. The estimated average amount
earned during 1901 by adult males is $542.23; adult females^
^342. 68; and young persons , $231 . 85.
Working Time and Proportion of Business Done.
Each of the employes worked on an average 290.88 days in
1900 and 292.78 days in 1901^ an increase of 1.90 days^
or 0.65 per cent. The average proportion of business done
reached 66.96 per cent in 1900 and 68.09 per cent in 1901
of the fall productive capacity of the 4^696 establishments^ an
increase in the latter year of 1.69 per cent.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
Part III.
COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
[125]
Digitized by VjOOQIC
Digitized by VjOOQIC
I*ART HI.
COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
The statistical presentations given on the following pages,
so far as they relate to the year 1900, have been derived from
the advance bulletins issued by the United States Census
OflSce, and cover the returns for Massachusetts for the
Twelfth Federal Census,
In order that the figures for the Census of 1900 might be
compared on the same basis with those for 1890, the Federal
Census OflSce omitted from their comparative presentations the
returns of 2,773 establishments in each of which the value of
goods made and work done was less than $500 annually, and
confined such presentations to 29,180 establishments, each of
which produced more than $500 annually. In the comparisons
in this Part, we are necessarily obliged to omit the capital in-
vested, value of stock used, product, persons employed, etc.,
in these 2,773 establishments, except for the first table, in
which they are included, and which shows conditions in 1895
and 1900 on identical lines. As the aggregate results for
these 2,773 establishments are relatively small, the compari-
sons for the diflferent industries in detail are not materially
affected by the omission.
CLA88I7IGATI0N.
Number of establishments,
Number of proprietors, firm members, etc., .
Amount of capital invested,
Value of stock and materials used
Value of goods made and work done, ....
Average number of persons employed (wage earners),
Total amount paid in wages,
Number of salaried persons employed, ....
Total amount paid in salaries
[127]
26,265
30,370
$516,082,667
$461,264,868
$849,807,802
432,272
$102,970,068
18,823
$23,812,542
31,953
34,790
$826,160,280
$552,919,846
$1,035,953,355
498,208
$228,289,763
27,860
$31,257,630
Digitized by VjOOQIC
128 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
An increase in each of the items is to be noted in the preceding
figures. Since 1895, the number of separate establishments
has increased 5,688, or 21.66 per cent ; capital invested shows
an increase of $310,077,723, or 60.08 per cent ; value of stock
used, an increase of $91,665,493, or 19.87 per cent ; value of
goods made and work done, an increase of $186,146,053, or
21.90 per cent; the average number of persons employed of
both sexes and all ages increased 65,936, or 15.25 per cent ;
and the total amount paid in wages to these same persons in-
creased $35,319,704, or 18.30 per cent.
We next distribute the facts concerning the 31,953 estab-
lishments into the following table. The first column presents
data for 2,773 establishments in each of which the annual
product was less than $500 ; the second, for 15,358 establish-
ments in which repairing was carried on, or where hand tools
as distinct from machinery were used ; and the third, for 13,822
establishments carrying on business more distinctively in the
line of manufacturing as usually understood, such as factories,
mills, and shops dependent on power machinery.
Classification.
Establish-
ments Produc-
ing Less than
$500 Annually
Hand Trades
AU Others
Number of establishments, .
Nmnber of proprietors, firm members, etc.
Amount of capital invested, ,
Value of stock or materials used.
Purchased in a raw state, .
Partly manufactured,
Fuel, freight, etc.,
Value of goods made and work done.
Average number of persons employed.
Total amount paid in wages.
2,778
2,866
$2,895,993
$201,891
$12,603
$189,288
$754,866
760
$49,321
15,358
16,763
$31,693,758
$43,169,209
$692,472
$41,734,898
$841,839
$106,342,947
52,155
$29,100,619
13,822
15,172
$791,670,529
$509,548,746
$155,412,755
$336,187,090
$17,948,901
$928,856,042
445,293
$199,139,823
These figures are of interest as supporting the statement
made by this Department in 1885, that the collection of
schedules from the establishments classed under ** mechanical
industries," or hand trades, was of relatively small value in
determining the product of the State. Nearly one-half of
the aggregate number of establishments returned in 1900
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900. 129
comprised those classed under ''Hand Trades," and these
employed scarcely four per cent (3.84) of the total capital
invested, and produced but a little more than ten per cent
(10.27) of the aggregate product. Only ten and one-half
per cent (10.47) of the total number of persons were employed
in these establishments, and they received but about 13 per
cent (12.75) of the aggregate amount paid in wages during
the year. When we consider the establishments each pro-
ducing less than $500 a year, we find that 2,773 establishments
(less than 10 per cent) had but S^^^ths of the total cap-
ital invested, produced but %ooths of the aggregate product,
employed but i%ootl^s of the total average number of per-
sons, and paid but %ootl^ of the aggregate amount disbursed
in wages.
An interesting^ point brought out in the preceding table is
the character of the stock or materials used. Nearly all of
the stock, as shown by each of the three columns, is purchased
in a partly manufactured state, the use of raw stock, upon which
a minimum amount of labor has been previously expended, being
relatively small in comparison with the aggregate amount of
stock returned. To show this more clearly the following figures
are introduced :
Classification of Stock Uskd.
Amoants
Percentages
Purchased in a raw state, ....
Purchased in a partly manufactured state.
Fuel, freight, supplies, etc.,
$166,017,830
878,111,276
18,790,740
68.38
3.40
In other words, out of every $100 expended for stock and
materials, $28.22 is paid for stock in a raw state upon which
considerable labor must be expended to get it into condition
for manufacturing, $68.38 is paid for stock in a partly manu-
factured state upon which a considerable amount of labor has
already been expended to put it into condition for manipu-
lation, and $3.40 is paid for supplies of all kinds, fuel, etc.
The following table shows a classification of the expenses of
the 29,180 establishments doing business in the Commonwealth
in 1900 as reported by the Federal Census OflSce :
Digitized by VjOOQIC
130 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
CLABaiFICATIOM.
Amotmts
Percentages
Value of stock used, including freight, fuel, and supplies.
Bent of mills, factories, and shops,
Taxes, not including internal revenue,
Interest, rent of offices, etc.,
Paid for contract work out of factories,
Paid to wage earners employed in works,
Paid for salaries of officers, clerks, etc.,
$652,717,966
7,970,696
6,070,464
47,010,908
12,166,948
228,240,442
31,257,630
62.42
0.90
0.69
5.31
1.37
26.78
3.63
Total expenses
$885,425,042
100.00
The expense account of the individuals, firms, and corpora-
tions carrying on manufacturing and mechanical industries in the
29,180 establishments amounted, in the aggregate, to $885,-
425,042, and the selling value of the goods made together
with the amount received for work done was $1,035,198,989,
the balance for profit and loss being $149,773,947, or, by dis-
tribution, an average amount of $5,132.76 per establishment.
Sixty-two per cent of the total expenses was paid for materials
and nearly 26 per cent for wages ; in other words, out of
every $100 paid for expenses during the year 1900, $62.42
was paid for materials, $25.78 for wages, $3.53 for salaries,
$1.37 for work done outside of the factory by persons indi-
rectly employed, $5.31 for interest charges, rent of offices,
office expenses, etc., 90 cents for rent of factories, mills, or
shops, and 69 cents for taxes (not including internal revenue
taxes) .
In the next table, we show the percentages of expenses in
relation to product for the 29,180 establishments in 1900.
Classification.
Amounts
Percentages
Value of stock used, including freight, fuel, and supplies.
Rent of mills, factories, and shops,
Taxes, not including internal revenue,
Interest, rent of offices, etc.,
Paid for contract work out of factories
Paid to wage earners employed in works
Paid for salaries of officers, clerks, etc.,
Balance for profit and loss
$552,717,966
7.970,695
6,070,464
47,010,908
12,156,948
228,240,442
31,257,630
149,773,947
63.39
0.77
0.59
4.54
1.17
22.05
3.02
14.47
Value of goods made and work done,
$1,035,198,989
100.00
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.]
COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900,
131
Out of every $100 received for goods made or work done
in 1900, the manufacturers paid over one-half, or $53.39
for stock and materials, $5.90 for rent, taxes, and interest,
$1.17 for contract work, $25.07 for labor and salaries in pro-
ducing the product, while the balance, $14.47, remained for
profit and loss.
Manufactures : By Industrees.
The following table exhibits the number of establishments in
1895 and 1900, respectively, classified by industries :
KUMBBB OF
ESTAB-
LI8HMBNT8
1895 190O
Agricultural Implements,
Arms and ammunition, .
Artisans' tools, .
Awnings, sails, tents, etc.,
.Boots and shoes,
Boxes (paper and wooden).
Brick, tiles, and sewer pipe.
Brooms, brushes, and mops,
Building
Burial cases, caskets, coffins,
etc., . .
Buttons and dress trimmings,
Oarpetings,
"Carriages and wagons, .
•Cement, kaolin, lime, and
plaster, ....
•'Charcoal and kindlers, .
rChemical preparations (com-
pounded).
Clocks, watches, and jewelry,
Clothing, ....
Concrete walks, paving, etc.,
Cooking, lighting, and heat-
ing apparatus.
Cordage and twine, .
Corks, bungs, and taps, .
Cotton goods, .
Cotton, woollen, and othei*
textiles, ....
'Crayons, pencils, crucibles,
etc.,
Drugs and medicines, .
Dyestuffs, ....
Earthen, plaster, and stone
ware
16
25
155
68
2,074
219
104
61
5,242
16
27
14
1,043
18
33
814
3,391
32
46
4
188
7
1,281
14
16
11
13
89
78
2,774
195
81
65
6,052
15
13
14
1,009
19
848
4,227
60
27
5
185
165
18
NuMBKB or
ESTAB-
LI8HMBKT8
1895 1909
29
Electrical apparatus and ap
pliances, ....
Electroplating, .
Emery and sand paper and
cloth, etc.,
Fancy articles, etc.,
Fertilizers,
Fine arts and taxidermy,
Fireworks and matches.
Flax, hemp, jute, and linen
goods
Food preparations, .
Furniture, ....
Gas and residual products.
Glass,
Glue, isinglass, and starch,
Rair work (animal and
human)
Hose: rubber, linen, etc.,
Hosiery and knit goods, .
Ink, mucilage, and paste.
Ivory, bone, shell, and horn
goods, etc
Leather, ....
Liquors and beverages (not
spirituous), .
Liquors: malt, distilled, and
fermented.
Lumber, ....
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods.
Mixed textiles, .
Models, lasts, and patterns,
Musical instruments and ma-
terials, ....
101
43
17
62
8
12
6
10
1,862
548
26
6
77
15
81
200
118
210
891
660
2,809
16
103
194
54
15
4
15
1,920
743
69
81
19
63
31
177
287
54
696
'901
3,053
7
98
96
Digitized by VjOOQIC
132 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
NUMBBB OF
E8TAB-
USHMBKTS
INDUSTBIBS.
Number of
EaT^B-
18»5
1900
1993
1900
Oils and illumlnatiiig fluids, .
17
24
Shipbuilding, ....
166
125
Paints, colors, and crude
Silk and silk goods,. . .
17
20
chemicals, ....
80
80
Sporting and athletic goods, .
13
13
Paper and paper goods, .
160
166
Stone
414
478
Perfumes, toilet articles, etc..
26
18
Straw and palm leaf goods, .
28
60
Photographs and photo-
Tallow, candles, soap, and
graphic materials.
863
418
grease,
139
102
Polishes and dressing, .
79
78
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars, .
322
382
Printing, publishing, and
Toys and games (children's),
20
23
bookbinding, ....
872
1,180
Trunks and valises, .
21
16
Print works, dye works, and
Whips, lashes, and stocks, .
46
31
bleacheries, ....
106
126
Wooden goods, ....
660
369
Woollen goods, .
166
167
equipment, ....
29
27
Worsted goods, .
31
45
Bubber and elastic goods.
76
76
Establishments each produc-
Saddlery and harness, .
449
100
483
83
ing less than $600 annually,*
All Industries, .
-
2,778
Sdentiflc instruments and ap-
pliances
26,266
31,963
* See second paragraph on page 127.
In the United States report, 86 establishments were classi-
fied under the head of *' All other industries/' this being done
by the Federal authorities to avoid disclosing private business.
In the above table, however, we find it possible to distribute
them according to the classification obtaining in these Annual
Reports.
In the next table, we reproduce from the Census Bulletin
the amount of capital invested in 1900.
Owing to differences in the methods of classification, it is
not feasible to make comparison of the capital invested in
1895 and 1900. We have frequently had occasion to point
out that the attempt to compare the amount of capital re-
turned at different Census periods leads to imperfect results.
The term *' capital invested" is susceptible of various mean-
ings. The manufacturer generally uses it as synonymous
with ** assets," and in this view is supported by the commer-
cial agencies, while in economic discussion the word capital
has other and varied significance. From different points of
view these different meanings may each be justified. In the
returns made to this Department, we have endeavored to
secure a figure which will represent the ''amount devoted
Digitized by VjOOQIC
I
No. 36.]
COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
133
to production " at the date of making the return, without
regard to the assets or the financial standing of the establish-
ment. The figures presented in the Annual Statistics of Manu-
factures being made upon the same basis in each year are, of
course, comparable. In the United States Census Bulletins,
however, finished product on hand, bills receivable, and un-
settled ledger accounts are included under the head of capital.
Undoubtedly these should be included if it is desired to know
the assets of the establishments, but as none of them represent
items that may be devoted to current production until realized
upon, they are not included in the annual returns made in Mas-
sachusetts. When realized upon by credit, or otherwise, the
proceeds take their proper place as *' cash on hand or in bank,"
or, if so invested, appear as <*land," ''buildings," ''machinery,"
" stock on hand," etc.
The statistics from the Census of 1900 follow :
AnwurU of Capital Invested — 1900.
liand
Buildings
Machinery,
Tools, and
Implements
Cash and
Sundries
Totals
Agricultural implements,
Arms and ammunition, .
Artisans* tools, .
Awnings, sails, tents, etc.,
Boots and shoes.
Boxes (paper and wooden),
Brick, tiles, and sewer pipe,
Brooms, brushes, and mops,
Building, ....
Burial cases, caskets, coffins,
etc.,
Buttons and dress trimmings,
Carpetings,
Carriages and wagons, .
.Cement, kaolin, lime, and
plaster, ....
Charcoal and kindlers, .
Chemical preparations (com-
pounded).
Clocks, watches, and Jewelry,
Clothing, ....
Concrete walks, paving, etc.,
Cooking, lighting, and heat-
ing apparatus.
Cordage and twine, .
Corks, bungs, and taps, .
Cotton goods, .
$16,700
200,900
110,747
3,300
919,119
554,675
669,263
15,885
1,847,881
22,000
33,800
614,572
698,020
136,203
126
138,192
349,693
119,300
113,831
434,598
8,841,140
$37,300
379,714
684,146
7,600
2,839,309
861,669
381,134
36,600
2,191,304
71,000
105,300
1,508,894
1,451,190
1,500
343,814
437,746
1,159,133
74,850
310,522
930,946
30,275,647
$122,733
631,303
1,203,046
27,802
6,826,000
1,222,184
431,218
128,294
8,065,097
134,175
122,669
2,012,940
1,924,496
94,516
2,200
367,912
1,726,878
1,865,646
171,438
633,420
1,461,668
18,621
58,305,153
$529,739
720,685
1,956,041
288,989
36,528,350
2,302,701
837,049
1,313,703
13,748,753
489,010
364,670
6,271,983
6,172,614
448,395
2,075
1,100,176
3,929,062
13,302,120
411,634
1,630,042
5,660,874
56,953
60,131,925
$706,472
1,932,602
3,953,979
327,691
46,112,778
4,941,229
2,318,664
1,494,482
20,852,985
716,185
626,439
9,403,389
10,246,320
903,474
5,900
1,877,371
6,231,877
16,676,592
777,222
2,687,815
8,488,086
75,574
157,553,866
Digitized by VjOOQIC
134 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Amount of Capital Invested — 1900 — Continued.
Land
Buildings
Machinery,
Tools, and
Implements
Cash and
Sundries
Drugs and medicines, .
Dyestuffs, ....
Earthen, plaster, and stone
ware
Electrical apparatus and ap-
pliances, ....
Electroplating, .
Emery and sand paper and
cloth, etc.,
Fancy articles, etc.,
Fertilizers,
Fine arts and taxidermy.
Flax, hemp, jute, and linen
goods
Food preparations, .
Furniture
Gas and residual products,
Olass
Glue, isinglass, and starch,
Hair work (animal and hu-
man), ....
Hose : rubber, linen, etc.,
Hosiery and knit goods, .
Ink, mucilage, and xmste.
Ivory, bone, shell, and horn
goods, etc., .
Leather
Liquors and beverages (not
spirituous), .
Liquors: malt, distilled, and
fermented.
Lumber
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods.
Mixed textiles, .
Models, lasts, and patterns,
Musical instruments and ma-
terials
Oils and illuminating fluids.
Paints, colors, and crude
chemicals.
Paper and paper goods, .
Perfumes, toilet articles, etc.,
Photographs and photo-
graphic materials,
Polishes and dressing, .
Printing, publishing, and
bookbinding, .
Print works, dye works, and
bleacheries, .
$186,786
97,400
870,880
116,860
3,600
63,868
6,376
160,179
8,700
88,074
4,071,890
684,044
8,691,388
34,013
162,210
100,800
369,267
41,026
22,300
371,742
114,860
2,277,911
2,176,186
4,046,791
2,452,998
134,400
67,001
626,711
62,342
80,476
3,839,762
260
42,261
60,170
1,249,766
1,213,293
$329,022
81,000
622,942
718,948
6,700
116,006
9,400
227.967
7,823
433,066
6,874,806
1,703,760
6,621,868
63,147
241,210
171,600
712,747
66,800
73,614
1,374,698
176,764
6,683,623
1,332,121
8,660,020
6,118,922
229,930
129,426
968,326
78,842
207,241
6,662,674
5,600
134,124
184,269
1,401,722
2,028,872
$382,449
66,313
197,273
1,849,684
76,060
179,181
89,901
396,601
4,729
630,078
8,397,606
1,601,435
16,941,434
60,874
204,309
8,375
365,577
1,274,317
74,597
159,046
1,918,(
370,960
4,824,961
1,837,475
14,600,131
11,231,759
324,212
93,769
202,269
8,791,489
8,706
518,354
186,395
9,095,706
2,663,413
$2,434,566
662,906
686,480
6,762,261
57,146
660,666
406,408
2,476,283
42,150
1,680,039
24,211,125
10,715,037
2,877,903
264,166
761,371
43,195
1,085,389
8,949,284
465,487
476,317
12,632,962
6,798,826
6,028,426
40,847,767
28,411,839
660,096
421,986
5,065,693
810,722
13,236,226
129,869
514,639
1,411,003
12,896,871
9,698,381
$3,281 763
797,619
1,627,676
8,947,143
141,496
999,704
610,079
8,260,080
58,402
2,626,256
42,554,926
14,604,266
30,032,578
402,190
1,349,100
51,670
1,723,266
6,305,615
730,177
16,298,388
1,192,643
20,480,320
10,373,208
68,063,709
42,215,518
1,338,640
841,720
7,843,625
604,012
1,300,708
32,629,160
144,324
1,209,278
1,881,837
24,143,566
15,503,969
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.]
COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
135
Amount of Capital Invested — 1900 — Concluded.
INDU8TRIR8.
Land
BoUdings
Machinery,
Tools, and
Implements
Cash and
Sundries
Totals
Bailroad construction and
I
equipment, .
$1,168,691
$1,345,802
$427,150
$1,176,148
$4,117,791
Rubber and elastic goods,
907,471
2,221,515
3,006,000
18,840,965
24,975,971
Saddlery and harness, .
52,800
91,921
201,668
921,442
1,267,531
Scientific instruments and ap
pliances, ....
52,081
174,316
263,033
1,218,536
1,707,966
Shipbuilding, . . .
344,039
297,266
647,002
860,984
2,149,291
Silk and sUk goods,
216,341
756,454
707,845
3,969,618
5,649,758
Sporting and athletic goods,
16,500
39,000
28,204
106,015
189,719
Stone, . • .
2,033,565
772,465
1,548,725
2,865,946
7,220,701
Straw and palm leaf goods,
150,988
240,666
315,388
1,091,084
1,798,071
Tallow, candles, soap, and
grease, ....
526,560
1,097,108
563,327
1,434,643
3,621,638
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars.
122,970
118,950
91,971
2,024,610
2,358,501
Toys and games (children's)
20,850
68,700
95,685
321,802
507,037
Trunks and valises.
1,100
8,900
14,450
119,864
144,314
Whips, lashes, and stocks.
18,100
55,900
124,516
909,833
1^08,349
Wooden goods.
371,871
547,921
576,884
1,316,460
2,813,186
Woollen goods.
2,458,008
4,927,326
6,088,816
20,846,201
34,320,351
Worsted goods.
3,988,592
4.539,224
8,585,662
29,676,822
45,790,300
Other industries, .* .
1,096,828
1,661,947
6,344,425
9,485,018
18,588,218
Establishments each produc-
ing less than $500 annually,*
-
-
-
~
2,895,993
All Industries, .
$57,284,347
$116,410,327
$201,933,253
$447,636,860
$826,160,280
* See second paragraph on page 127.
Although the aggregate returns as to capital for the years
1895 and 1900 cannot be compared, the separate items " land,*'
''buildings," and ''machinery, tools, and implements" are
comparable, as follows, the table being restricted to all indus-
tries and to the nine leading industries, and, in 1900, to the
29,180 establishments :
1895
1900
IKDDSTBIBS.
Land
BaUdhigs
and
Fixtures
Machinery,
Tools, and
Implements
Land
Buildings
and
Fixtures
Machinery,
Tools, and
Implements
Boots and shoes.
$868,654
$3,231,235
$6,997,353
$919,119
$2,839,309
$6,826,000
Carpetings, .
502,250
1,303,963
2,123,592
614,572
1,503,894
2,012,940
Cotton goods.
7,409,299
29,275,144
54,659,232
8,841,140
30,275,647
58,305,153
Leather,
448,654
1,329,112
1,604,669
371,742
1,374,698
1,918,966
Machines and machin-
ery
2,405,670
5,921,338
12,982,770
4,045,791
8,560,020
14,600,181
Metals and metallic
goods.
2,609,417
5,046,030
9,636,176
2,462,998
5,118,922
11,231,759
Digitized by VjOOQIC
136 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
1895
1900
INDD8TBIS8.
Land
Baildlngs
and
Fixtures
Machlneiy,
Tools, and
Implements
Land
BuUdings
and
Fixtures
Machinery,
Tools, and
ImplemenU
Paper and paper goods,
Woollen goods, .
Worsted goods, .
Nine indnstries, . .
Other Industries,
All industries, .
$2,629^761
1,668,649
892,261
19,419,696
21,414,441
40,884,086
$8,022,796
6,639,145
2,422,660
62,191,818
46,076,289
107,267,662
$9,878,962
7,102,812
6,434,221
109,919,807
68,816,147
178,786,464
$8,839,762
2,468,008
2,988,592
26,631,724
30,762,628
67,284,847
$6,662,674
4,927,826
4,589,224
66,801,714
60,608,613
116,410,327
$8,791,489
6,088,816
8,686,662
118,360,916
83,572,337
201,933,263
In the nine leading industries in the aggregate, the amount
invested in land shows an increase of 36.62 per cent in 1900
as compared with 1895 ; the amount invested in buildings and
fixtures increased 5.81 per cent, and the value of machinery,
implements, and tools increased 7.68 per cent. The increases
shown for All Industries were: Land, 40.29 per cent; build-
ings and fixtures, 8.52 per cent; and machinery, implements,
and tools, 12.98 per cent.
The table which follows shows the total value of stock and
materials used,* classified by industries. It may be added,
however, that the figures for <* stock used" in 1900 include
amounts paid for rent of power and heat, if any, and the
amount paid for freight. These items were omitted in the
returns for 1895.
Stock and Materials Used,
INOUSTKISS.
Value of Stock and
Hatxbials Used
1895
1900
Agricultural implements, .
Arms and ammunition.
Artisans' tools, ....
Awnings, sails, tents, etc., .
Boots and shoes, ....
Boxes (paper and wooden).
Brick, tiles, and sewer pipe,
Brooms, brushes, and mops.
Building,
Burial cases, caskets, coffins, etc..
Buttons and dress trimmings, .
$494,266
602,346
924,696
274,119
76,262,178
3,144,776
653,731
838,169
28,427,531
227,289
470,779
$216,313
509,555
1,155,081
344,194
94,681,528
3,961,061
400,365
1,089,053
32,919,603
295,892
237,835
* All materials consumed in the production of goods made, i.e., raw material, material
purchased in a partly manufactured state, and also coal, gas, oil, dyestuffs, findings, and
supplies of every kind required for the industrial process.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
Slock and Materials Used — Continued.
137
Value of Stock and
1895
1»0«
$4,490,399
$8,990,676
4,420,184
6,268,686
298,248
869,269
6,088
5,012
798,695
1,080,826
8,269,276
4,728,816
19,402,729
21,066,697
92,701
488,682
1,072,084
1,686,270
8,669,236
7,027,686
88,099
61.101
48,482,498
66,998,179
1,199,612
-
40,028
-
2,703,469
2,094,486
660,620
1,168,564
74,120
188,278
3,027,798
5,948,961
66,891
73,662
366,920
441,468
337,716
677,659
1,401,157
1,115,818
4,336
19,192
68,690
-
2,028,837
1,203,659
63,813,424
75,430,273
8,031,717
8,046,937
1,699,206
1,661,873
141,714
200,121
687,679
896,642
890,548
87,564
796,868
764,827
8,242,068
2,916,612
237,027
886,689
668,860
945,418
17,947,298
21,000,002
383,693
463,146
6,192,492
6,879,876
2,319,376
7,210,172
12,896,878
22,604,855
17.213,647
24,222,601
1,231,228
963,208
331,497
292,416
2,477,488
2,476,904
804,668
1,279,104
906,511
1,332,899
17,108,606
16,042,769
230,274
167,392
613,247
780,563
CarpetingB,
Carriages and wagons, ....
Cement, kaolin, lime, and plaster, .
Charcoal and kindlers, ....
Chemical preparations (compounded), .
Clocks, watches, and Jewelry, .
Clothing
Concrete walks, paving, etc., .
Cooking, lighting, and heating apparatus.
Cordage and twine,
Corks, bungs, and taps, ....
Cotton goods, ......
Cotton, woollen, and other textiles, .
Crayons, pencils, crucibles, etc..
Drugs and medicines
Dyestuffs
Earthen, plaster, and stone ware, .
Electrical apparatus and appliances.
Electroplating,
Emery and sand paper and cloth, etc., .
Fancy articles, etc
Fertilizers,
Fine arts and taxidermy, ....
Fireworks and matches, ....
Flax, hemp, jute, and linen goods, .
Food preparations,
Furniture,
Gas and residual products.
Glass,
Glue, isinglass, and starch.
Hair work (animal and human),
Hose : rubber, linen, etc
Hosiery and knit goods, ....
Ink, mucilage, and paste, ....
Ivory, bone, shell, and horn goods, etc., .
Leather,
Liquors and beverages (not spirituous).
Liquors : malt, distilled, and fermented.
Lumber,
Machines and machinery, ....
Metals and metallic goods, ....
Mixed textiles,
Models, lasts, and patterns.
Musical instruments and materials, .
Oils and illuminating fluids.
Paints, colors, and crude chemicals.
Paper and paper goods, ....
Perfumes, toilet articles, etc., .
Photographs and photographic materials.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
138 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Stock and Materials Used — Concluded.
I5DD8TBIK8.
Yalus of
Stock and
Hatbbials Used
1895
1900
$966,530
$1,104,797
6,108,763
9,025,068
16,337,170
3.180,341
2,468,007
2,216,679
16,688,663
17.392,110
1,110,243
904,070
1,023,761
1,163,62a
634,210
1,357,405
2,676,769
3,823,963
246,629
232,459
1,727,208
2,351,226
3,310,836
2,290,217
2,877,909
2,762,180
2,104,769
1,910,617
338,214
319,258
101,061
160,599
471.481
719,423
4,630,141
1,838,101
17,132,502
19,036,918
13,407,877
25,315.707
-
8,037,590
-
201.891
$461,264,353
$552,919,846
FollBheB and dressing,
Printing, publishing, and bookbinding, ....
Print works, dye works, and bleacheries.
Railroad construction and equipment, ....
Bubber and elastic goods,
Saddlery and harness,
Sclentiflc instruments and appliances, ....
Shipbuilding
Silk and silk goods
Sporting and athletic goods,
Stone,
Straw and palm leaf goods
Tallow, candles, soap, and grease,
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars
Toys and games (children's)
Trunks and valises,
Whips, lashes, and stocks,
Wooden goods,
Woollen goods,
Worsted goods,
Other industries,
Establishments each producing less than $500 annually,^
All Industries,
* See second paragraph on page 127.
The table which follows shows the total amount paid in
wages and the total amount paid in salaries, for 1895 and
1900, classified by industries.
Wages and Salaries,
INDUSTBISS.
Agricultural implements.
Arms and ammunition, .
Artisans' tools.
Awnings, sails, tents, etc., .
Boots and shoes.
Boxes (paper and wooden), .
Brick, tiles, and sewer pii)e.
Brooms, brushes, and mops,
Building,
Total Amount Paid
IN Waoks
820,966
1,140,837
149,920
28,276,265
1,778,517
803,360
289,763
17,050,540
$159,700
862,566
1,043,124
192,212
30,636,920
2,338,929
622,311
426,789
21,342,482
Total Amount Paid
IN Salabies
1895
$76,270
63,497
174,739
8,995
2,316,272
142,255
98,387
52,599
351,681
1900
$45,358
80,595
174,927
28.782
2,818,614
214,017
44,205
91,023
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
Wages and Salaries — Continued.
139
Burial casee, caskets, coffins, etc.,
Buttons and dress trimmings,
Carpetlngs,
Carriages and wagons, . . . .
Cement, kaolin, lime, and plaster,
Charcoal and kindlers, . . . .
Chemical preparations (compounded) ,
Clocks, watches, and Jewelry,
Clothing,
Concrete walks, paying, etc..
Cooking, lighting, and heating ap-
paratus,
Cordage and twine, . . . .
Corks, bungs, and taps, .
Cotton goods,
Cotton, woollen, and other textiles, .
Crayons, pencils, crucibles, etc., .
Drugs and medicines, . . . .
Dyestuffs,
Earthen, plaster, and stone ware,
Electrical apparatus and appliances.
Electroplating,
Emery and sand paper and cloth, etc..
Fancy articles, etc., ....
Fertilizers,
Fine arts and taxidermy.
Fireworks and matches.
Flax, hemp, jute, and linen goods, .
Food preparations
Furniture,
Gas and residual products, .
Glass
Glue, isinglass, and starch, .
Hairwork (animal and human), .
Hose : rubber, linen, etc
Hosiery and knit goods,
Ink, mucilage, and paste.
Ivory, bone, shell, and horn goods,etc..
Leather,
Liquors and beverages (not spiritu-
ous),
Liquors: malt, distilled, and fer-
mented,
Lumber,
Machines and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods, .
Mixed textiles,
Models, lasts, and patterns, .
Total Amoukt Paid
IN WAOE8
1899
$146,122
343,149
1,749,670
3,743,639
77,757
2,281
230,983
3,180,056
82,384
1,355,304
»72,766
9,579
27,447,232
650,133
15,107
476,953
87,078
104,269
1,740,222
111,307
173,153
160,403
163,797
9,871
33,613
662,947
6,458,106
3,598,771
699,342
208,365
173,418
73,695
253,018
1,711,511
49,328
393,244
3,914,352
209,337
1,387,456
831,506
11,624,673
11,405,493
294,828
389,066
19«0
$160,213
276,202
1,722,703
3,214,522
193,409
2,295
338,716
3,246,707
10,446,315
485,820
1,155,824
1,249,909
22,495
32,648,978
464,458
51,614
262,141
3,114,037
113,779
214,191
206,752
115,083
10,043
485,186
6,714,383
4,367,520
813,459
302,612
160,305
26,610
199,493
2,096,853
83,382
559,785
3,686,293
232,056
1,770,005
2,559,154
19,003,103
12,645,812
180,795
437,362
Total Amount Paid
IN Salabibs
1899
$19,480
87,327
171,831
211,177
9,651
83,947
561,136
1,047,697
2,700
217,065
136,972
1,817,726
6,580
281,402
42,045
15,727
316,235
7,552
61,977
69,012
24,589
1,600
15,804
94,707
1,147,781
433,852
389,306
39,253
31,465
6,250
61.960
140.727
34,300
58,438
873,117
15,100
553.578
92,122
1,973,624
1,595,357
64,625
40,274
1900
$64,350
81,164
127,264
312,292
39,540
133,091
409,210
1,278,930
61,008
257,737
173,384
12,669
2,091,392
50,394
60,360
627,196
1,315
75,590
46,649
186,685
2,774
2,114,178
591,180
420,085
42,466
63,868
1,400
80,923
213,066
88,832
42,729
605,450
75,039
772,946
310,763
3,052,583
1,580,532
41,397
42,806
Digitized by VjOOQIC
140 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Wages and Salaries ^Concluded,
IKDC8TRIS8.
Total Amottvt Paid
Total Amoukt Paid
IK WAOE8
1895
19«0
1895
1900
$2,014,810
$2,037,153
$487,146
$329,538
68,940
84,236
19,086
38,168
147,026
176,101
65,878
102,784
5,160,118
5,058,297
1,279,710
1,267,737
18,787
26,656
10,492
13,949
417,272
464,245
25,010
82,498
178382
163,378
104,372
203,482
6.634,086
8,789,414
2,288,697
8,253,997
3,131,486
2,291,786
547,889
561,922
1,821,117
2,132,817
157,849
123,988
4,656,991
4,858.259
750,584
732,710
486,362
442,966
26,431
41,288
660,471
778,064
67,063
114,378
561,082
1,085,998
47,812
79,046
812,785
1,110,824
269,836
227,276
242,107
133,161
29,234
21,404
8,168,208
3,168,662
200,168
266,592
1,479,791
1,088,768
176,628
108,911
436,088
458,896
169,088
202,389
1,418,743
1,749,676
127,302
153,576
225,812
155,560
49,484
29,897
55,448
64,912
7,888
13,297
208,620
291.890
78,718
151,874
2,671,462
1,138,811
216,718
110,220
7,129,016
7,096,712
686,846
808,236
4,645,449
7,066,585
872,149
796,250
-
2,784,743
-
562,743
-
49,821
-
-
$192,970,059
$228,289,763
$23,812,542
$31,257,630
Musical instruments and materials, .
Oils and illuminating duids, .
Faints, colors, and crude chemicals, .
Paper and paper goods,
Perfumes, toilet articles, etc..
Photographs and photographic ma-
terials
Polishes and dressing, . . . .
Printing, publishing, and bookbind-
ing,
Print works, dye works, and bleach-
eries
Railroad construction and equipment.
Rubber and elastic goods, .
Saddlery and harness, ....
Scientific instruments and appliances.
Shipbuilding,
Silk and silk goods, ....
Sporting and athletic goods,
Stone
Straw and palm leaf goods, .
Tallow, candles, soap, and grease.
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars, .
Toys and games (children's),
Trunks and yallses, ....
Whips, lashes, and stocks, .
Wooden goods,
Woollen goods
Worsted goods,
Other industries,
Establishments each producing less
than $500 annually,* . . . .
All Industries, . . . .
* See second paragraph on page 127.
The returns as to the value of goods made and work done
are fairly comparable since they are collected in the State and
Federal Censuses on practically the same basis, although the
methods of classification employed in tabulation diflter. We
have reclassified the product values as returned by the United
States Census under the industry headings of the classification
adopted by this Department, and in the following table show
the value of goods made and work done for the nine leading
industries for 1895 and 1900, the figures for the latter year
including returns from the 29,180 establishments.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.]
COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
141
YALua OF Goods Madb
AXD WOBK Dove
IMOBBASB (4-) Om Dl-
OBBASB (-) nr 1—
18»S
1—
Amoonts
Pwoent-
sg«t
Boots and shoes,
$122,186,081
$148,280,269
+$21,154,178
+ 17.82
Carpetings,
7,447,115
7,891,576
-55,589
-0.76
Cotton goods, .
86,615,500
114,112,868
+20,496,808
+21.89
Leather,
25,694,407
28,666.896
+2,972,488
+11.67
Machines and machinenr,
83,482,848
60,862,154
+26,869,806
+80.22
Metals and metallic goods.
40,297,899
60,884,171
+10,086,272
+24.91
Paper and paper goods, '
27,955,024
29,794,266
+1,889,282
+6.68
Woollen goods.
29,870,968
82,221,920
+2,860,967
+9.71
Worsted goods,
20,975,996
40,667,868
+19,581,867
+98.86
Nine industries.
400,964,896
506,729,967
+106,745,064
+26.87
Other industries, . . .
448,822,409
628,469,032
+79,646,628
+17.75
All Industries, . .
849,807,302
1,085,198,989
+186,891,687
+21.82
The only leading industry exhibiting a decrease is Carpet-
ings, and in this case the loss is small, being but 7%QQths of
one per cent. Each of the other nine leading industries shows
increase in 1900 over 1895, ranging from 6.58 per cent in Paper
and Paper Goods to 93.35 per cent in Worsted Goods. In the
aggregate, the nine leading industries show an increase of
26.37 per cent, or 4.55 per cent greater than the increase
shown for All Industries.
It will be noted that the value of goods made and work done
in 1900 is given as $1,035,198,989. On page 137 of the
Annual Statistics of Manufactures for 1900, the estimated value
of goods made and work done, based upon the returns made by
representative establishments in that year, was $1,085,717,-
656, a variation from the above figure of $50,518,667, or about
five per cent. This variation may be explained in part by
the fact that the United States Census Office gathered figures
for the year ending June 30, 1900, while the Annual Statistics
covered the year ending December 31, 1900.
The presentation of industries in the Census Bulletin was
given in more detail than that shown under the system of
industrial classification adopted by this office. We have, how-
ever, selected certain lines which are comparable with those
shown in 1895 and present them in the following table, together
with increases and decreases expressed in amounts and percent-
ages :
Digitized by VjOOQIC
142 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Manufactures : By Name.
CLASSmOATIOV.
Bicycles and tricycles,
Blacking and stains (shoe and leather), .
Blacksmithlng and wheelwrlghtlng, .
Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets,
Boot and shoe cut stock, ....
Boot and shoe findings
Boots and shoes (factory product), .
Boots and shoes (rubber), ....
Bottling liquors,
Boxes (paper),
Boxes (wooden)
Bread and other bakery products, .
Bridges and wharves,
Cabinet work and upholstery, .
Carpenter work,
Carpeting (textile), . .
Carriages and wagons,
Carriages and wagons (children's), .
Clothing (men's, boys', and youths', fac-
tory product),
Clothing (men's custom made and repair-
ing),
Clothing (women's, factory product).
Cigars and cigarettes (tobacco).
Combs (ivory, bone, horn, etc.),
Confectionery,
Cordage and twine,
Corsets and waists,
Cotton waste,
Cutlery and edge tools, . . . .
Dressmaking, .
Electrical apparatus and appliances.
Electrical construction work, .
Emery and sand paper and doth, .
Emery wheels,
Envelopes,
FUes
Firearms,
Flavoring extracts,
Forgings (iron and steel),
Gas,
Gas (residual products of).
Glue,
Gold and silver leaf and foil,
Grease and tallow,
Ironwork (architectural), .
Value of Goods Made
AND WOBK Done
18»5
$4,814,896
949,188
8,063,040
810,770
14,006,926
2,878,800
104,188,867
14,229,024
2,014,296
2,480,066
8,894,018
11,678,106
424,782
1,864,270
10,678,268
6,631,669
3,249,669
886,446
13,426,267
6,899,894
1,999,761
4,446,928
484,886
4,689,760
4,286,674
1,186,606
2,604,222
1,186,087
1,916,970
6,626,882
648,022
199,448
341,902
1,708,344
73,919
1,800,128
868,662
410,422
4,496,928
669,U4
141,807
1,171,946
1,211,716
$2,715,810
1,678,026
6,297,844
1,834,886
18,238,922
6,794,240
117,116,243
16,490,016
4,884,087
4,146,202
3,728,618
15,420,629
369,602
2,746,149
82,741,606
6,966,287
6,118,121
672,661
9,838,996
9,860,673
6,201,660
6,296,890
1,099,467
7,014,632
9,686,671
1,641,366
2,987,188
2,608,076
4,767,972
10,490,361
-1,621,896
876,666
672,740
2,182,363
86,668
1,928,179
1,022,286
467,095
6,866,801
381,108
918,489
166,260
1,879,908
2,646,779
IHORBASE C+) OB DB-
;(— )1K "^ —
—$1,699,686
+623,892
+2,234,804
+1,024,115
+4,231,996
+3,415,440
+12,976,876
+2,260,991
+2,869,7a
+1,666,226
+829,600
+3,747,423
—66,180
+890,879
+22,163,848
+834,678
+2,868,462
+187,115
-^,687,259
+3,961,279
+8,201,889
+861,467
-H14»632
+2,824,772
•f«,848,997
+404,860
+482,966
+1,422,988
+2,861,002
+4,864,479
+«78,874
+176,108
+330,838
+429,009
+12,644
+628,051
+668,674
+66,673
+869,873
+11,628
+364,376
+24,443
+707,962
+1,384,064
Percent-
ages
—87.07
+66.78
+72.96
+126.81
+80.21
+143.68
+12.46
+15.89
+117.66
+67.U
+9.71
-1-32.10
—16.34
+48.04
+209.62
+6.06
+88.27
+48.66
—26.72
+67.15
+ieo.u
+19.15
+126.77
+49.57
+124.78
+35.62
+19.29
+124.78
+148.72
+86.47
+184.85
+88.80
+96.76
+25.19
+17.11
+48.81
+181.17
+13.81
+19.11
+3.1S
+63.88
+17.24
+60.41
+110.10
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.]
COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
143
Manufactures: By Name — Concluded.
CLASSmOATIOir*
Japanning,
Jewelry, .
Lasts,
Lithographs and lithographic work,
Liquors (distilled),* . . . .
Liquors (malt),
Locksmlthlng, etc
Lumber and saw mill products, .
Masonry (brick and stone),
Mattresses and spring beds,
Millinery (custom), . . . .
Mucilage and paste, . . . .
Music (sheet) and music books, .
Needles,
Optical goods.
Organs and materials.
Fainting (house and sign), .
Paper (book),
Paper (fine),
Paper (news),
Pai)er (wrapping), . . . .
Paper boards,
Photographs,
Pianos and materials, . . . .
Plumbers' supplies, . . . .
Plumbing and steam and gas fitting,
Hoofing,
Shirts,
Silver and plated ware.
Stamps, stencils, etc., .
Starch,
Sugar and molasses (refining).
Surgical appliances.
Yamishes and Japans, ,
Woodenware, .
Valux of Goods Mads
AND WOBK DONB
1S99
$16,660
6,193,918
601,689
1,084,838
2,245,927
8,661,624
96,498
4,133,000
7,224,804
1,048,802
2,763,378
96,460
316,115
164,968
1,580,199
688,957
4,146,031
5,345,661
10,096,879
1,266,939
2,907,318
818,061
1,188,582
5,297,907
1,260,818
11,244,248
1,499,^60
1,883,941
2,814,757
199,558
819,019
16,668,875
101,965
421,124
162,678
$48,819
10,815,884
853,812
1,789,161
2,081,697
11,265,618
269,753
6,526,280
16,628,978
1,617,503
5,076,501
984,782
407,634
228,851
2,082,837
1,1
8,499,066
6,501,788
11,296,628
840,705
1,441,291
954,111
1,740,878
4,961,966
719,164
18,507,245
2,090,460
2,862,860
2,769,191
187,396
890,161
19,626,882
196,666
600,672
219,496
IHOBBAM (+) OB DS-
CUA8S (— ) IN 1990
-f $31,669
-H,121,416
-4-252,178
+704,823
—164,290
+2,594,089
+174,260
+2,393,280
+9,404,169
+669,201
+2,312,128
+92,619
+68,888
+602,688
+600,628
+4,853,085
+166,127
+1,201,749
—416,284
—1,466,027
+186,050
+567,346
—815,941
—541,659
+2,268,002
+590,800
+478,919
-45,566
—12,162
+71,142
+2,968,007
+96,581
+79,548
+66,918
Percent-
ages
+190.20
+66.64
+41.91
+65.00
—7.81
+29.96
+182.48
+57.91
+130.17
+54.80
+88.67
+920.92
+29.86
+85.70
+81.81
+72.66
+104.99
+2.92
+11.90
—33.11
—60.48
+16.68
+47.09
—6.96
— 42.9S
+2o.ia
+39.40
+26.42
—1.62
—6.09
+22.80
+17.78
+94.70
+18.89
+43.86
* Internal revenue tax included. See page 163, post.
The majority of the lines in the preceding table show sub-
stantial increases, indicating that in the leading articles of
manufacture the Commonwealth is making fair progression.
Several lines exhibit decreases. For example, Bicycles and
Tricycles shows a decrease of 37.07 per cent. This may be
explained on the ground of a decreased demand for '< wheels,"
Digitized by VjOOQIC
144 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
borne out by the loss of over 60 per cent in the membership
of the League of American Wheehnen and the absorption of
local factories in the American Bicycle Co., with the consequent
closing of some of the plants.
The decrease in Men's, Boys', and Youths' Clothing (factory
product) is accounted for from the fact that clothing must,
under Massachusetts laws, be made under cleanly conditions,
and the abolishment of the sweat-shop has driven the manu-
facture of clothing into New York and other States. The
manufacture of news and wrapping paper has changed in
recent years and Maine and New Hampshire now produce
from wood pulp what Massachusetts in past years produced
from paper and rope stock. This, doubtless, accounts in a
measure for the decline shown in the value of these articles.
Since 1895, two piano manufacturing plants have removed to
the West as has also the manu&cture of plumbers' supplies.
In this connection, we reproduce a table from the Census
Bulletin which shows the number of establishments not in
operation in 1900, together with the amount of capital in-
vested in the idle plants ; and upon the .basis of capital in
those establishments which were in operation, we estimate the
possible value of goods made and work done for the year.
Idle EsiabUshmerUs—' 1900,
KiKDS OF Goods Madb autd Wobk J>okk.
Ammunitioii,
Bookbinding and blank book making,
Boots and shoes (factory product), .
Brick and tiles,
Bridges,
Carpentering,
Carriages and wagons, . . . .
Electrical apparatus and supplies,
Flouring and grist mill products,
Foundry and machine shop products.
Horseshoes (factory product), .
Hosiery and knit goods.
Iron and steel,
Iron and steel f orgings, . . . .
Liquors (distilled),
Liquors (malt),
Number
ofldle
EstabllBh-
menti
1
8
11
6
1
13
3
8
4
6
2
2
1
2
1
1
Amount
of
Capital
Invested
$248,600
. 14,860
162,460
70,100
76,000
19,796
19,886
827,600
21,826
47,100
998,747
80,000
610,000
94,610
281,600
21,600
Estimated
Value of
Goods Made
and
Work Done
$188,622
20,369
476,066
48,602
126,760
79,299
^ 21,681
415,926
66,126
42,390
886,000
84,160
600,810
136,946
868,131
13,880
Digitized by VjOOQIC i
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
Idle EttablishmetUs — 1900 — Concluded.
145
Knrot OF Goods Made axd Wobk Don.
Ktimber
of Idle
Establish-
ments
Amoant
of
Capitol
Inrestad
Yalnt of
and
Work Dont
Lumber and timber products,
Lumber and planing mill products,
Marble and stone work,
Masonry (brick and stone)
Mineral and soda waters,
Nails and spikes (cut and wrought) including wire nails,
Paper and wood pulp,
Pottery, terra cotta, and Are clay products,
Silk and silk goods,
Tinsmithing, coppersmithlng, etc.,
Wood turning and earring,
Woollen goods,
Worsted goods,
All other industries,
Totals,
6
4
8
4
1
1
3
3
2
8
1
16
2
86
$84,096
48,730
30,180
30,800
60,000
88,715
784,908
98,800
19,000
16,118
80,000
1,086,157
888,648
66,728
$26,183
75,938
19,607
93,706
68,780
44,600
609,389
48,374
30,030
27,714
82,760
1,010,136
848,949
58,449
148
$5,588,068
$5,868,979
In the following table, we reproduce the value of goods
made and work done for 1895 and 1900 by industrial groups :
Manufactures : By Classified Industrial Groups.
IxnUSTBIAL Orouts.
Animml.
Fertilizers,
Olue, isinglass, and storch,
Hair work (animal and human) ,
Ivory, bone, shell, and horn goods, etc..
Tallow, candles, soap, and grease, .
ClieBU«mI.
Ohemieal preparations (compounded),
Drugs and medicines, .
Dyeing (custom work), •
Dyestuffs,
0as and residual products, .
Oils and illuminating fluids.
Paints, colors, and crude chemicals, .
Polishes and dressing, .
Food*
Food preparations, • • • • .
Liquors and beverages (not spirituous), ,
Liquors : malt, distilled, and fermented, .
Yaldb of Oooos Made
AXD Wobk Domb
1S95
$8,069,234
1,760,887
1,147,918
650,928
1,242,020
4,267,677
20,106,217
1,443,914
7,740,682
660,792
984,277
4,879,086
1,044,600
1,414,286
1,980,672
99,146,968
84,331,362
1,020,366
13,786,265
$0,768,981
2,074,600
1,803,660
137,240
1,878,778
4,309,728
28,702,108
2,021,730
6,406,660
622,616
1,469,776
7,204,708
1,761,088
2,0p6,082
2,260,648
118,000,841
100,806,081
1,267,879
16,616,431
IHCKBASB (+) OB DB-
CBBASB (— ) nr 190O
+$780,747
+323,703
+166,787
+680,849
+102,146
+8,605,886
+677,816
—1,274,022
—187,176
+626,400
+2,326,623
+706,479
+601,696
+270,071
+18,043,878
+16,074,670
+238,623
+2,730,176
Percent-
+8.81
+18.40
+13.67
—76.49
+60.76
+2.80
+17.88
+40.08
—16.46
—20.70
+66.25
+47. 6T
+67.68
+41.84
+14.07
+10.11
+18.04
+28.17
+19.80
Digitized by VjOOQIC
146 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
ManufactuTtB : By Classified Industrial Groups — Continued.
iMDumiAL Oaoupi.
Iiemtli«r.
Boots and thooi,
Loather and leather goods, .
Saddlery and harness,
Metal.
Arms and ammunition, • . • •
Artisans' tools,
^ioyeles, trioyoles, etc., . . . .
Clocks, watches, and jewelry, .
Cooking, lighting, and heating apparatus.
Electrical apparatus and appliances, .
Electroplating,
Metals and metallic goods, . . . .
BolentiAc instruments and appliances,
Metel And Wood.
Agricnltoral implements, .
Carriages and wagons,
Fnmitnre, ....
Machines and machinery, .
Models, lasts, and patterns.
Musical instruments and materials.
Railroad construction and equipment,
Shipbuilding,
Blinerml.
Brick, tiles, and sewer pipe.
Cement, kaolin, lime, and plaster, .
Concrete walks, paving, etc., .
Crayons, pencils, crucibles, etc..
Earthen, plaster, and stone ware,
Emery and sand paper and cloth, etc..
Glass,
Stone,
Boxes, paper
Paper and paper goods,
Hose : rubber, linen, etc., .
Rubber and elastic goods, .
Textile.
Awnings, sails, tents, etc., .
Carpetings,
Clothing,
Cordage and twine.
Cotton goods, ....
Cotton, woollen, and other textiles.
Flax, hemp, and jute goods,
Hosiery and knit goods.
Valits of Goods Madb
▲ITD WoBK Doira
18»S
1900
$149,908,298
122,136,081
26,894,407
2,188,810
72,146,276
1,804,948
8,040,898
4,478,904
9,790,801
8,791,830
8,273,904
288,862
40,207,899
2,378,839
71,830,900
1,061,113
7,320,422
15,280,898
83,492,848
1,122,846
8,774,218
4,832,250
1,668,808
11,289,520
2,077,099
482,907
233,756
75,890
240,441
819,996
490,289
8,869,143
30,436,690
2,480,666
27,956,024
26,172,939
1,206,820
24,967419
236,426,006
601,158
7,447,116
88,041,033
6,272,609
93,615,560
2,467,682
8,063,777
6,146,799
$173,909,316
148,289,269
28,666,896
1,963,161
94,769,181
2,968,661
3,749,864
8,947,924
14,764,628
4,026,078
12,012,267
297,760
60,334,171
2,678,833
102,786,621
662,689
7,947,512
18,284,093
80,362,154
1,237,795
6,643,290
4,719,934
3,067,464
14,289,774
1,468,264
787,529
1,854,868
126,667
713,246
1,048,296
715,273
8,045,731
83,939,548
4,145,292
29,794,266
31,553,252
1,178^78
80,376,074
278,061,081
770,113
7,391,576
47,441,700
10,530,071
114,112,363
2,024,887
6,640,936
IMOBBASB (+) OS DS-
OBBASB (~) nr 1900
Amounts
+$28,911,017
+21,164,178
+2,972,488
—216,049
+22,628,886
+1,168,708
+703,471
—528,980
+4,964,022
+233,748
+6,788,363
+11,098
+10,036,272
+802,194
+31,464,621
—498,424
+627,090
+2,983,797
+26,869,306
+114,050
—180,928
+87,684
+1,401,146
+2,970,264
--«)8,836
+804,622
+1,121,118
+60,677
+472,806
+228,800
+224,984
+1,176,688
+8,603,868
+1,664,626
+1,889,282
+6,380,813
—27,642
+6,407,955
+41,636,076
+168,966
—66,539
+9,400,667
+6,267,462
+20,496,808
—1,028,890
. +494,137
Percent-
ages
+16.94
+17.82
+11.67
—9.94
+81.38
+64.47
+28.09
—11.82
+50.70
+6. IT
+91.40
+8.87
+24.91
+12.72
+44.10
-47.42
+8.67
+19.63
+80.22
+10.24
—1.98
+1.89
+84.60
+26.81
—29.31
+63.08
+479.61
+66.78
+196.64
+27.84
+46.89
+17.18
+11.61
+67.10
+6.68
+20.68
—2.29
+21.68
+17.61
+28.10
-0.76
+24.71
+99.71
+21.89
—33.69
+8.04
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900. 147
Manufactures: By Classified Industrial Groups — Concluded.
Yalub of Qoons Mads
AVD WOBK DOMB
bfCBBASB (+) OB DB.
OBBASB (-) nr 19M
UrDUaTBIAL Obodps.
1995
1900
Percent-
ages
T«xUle — Con.
Mixed textiles
$1,91«,9«)
$1,526,880
-.$890,130
*ao.8S
Print works, dye works, and bleacheries,
28,474,904
8,885,790
-14,689,174
-62.16
Silk and silk goods, . . . . .
4,041,399
6,957,532
+1,916,188
+47.41
Woollen goods,
29,870,968
82,221,920
4-2,860,967
+9.71
Worsted goods,
20,976,996
40,567,863
+19,681,867
+98.36
Wood.
17,948,618
21,860,126
+8,901,513
+21.74
Boxes, wooden
8,674,927
8,893,241
+218,314
+6.94
Building materials,
4,745,927
6,292,281
+1,646,354
+82.68
Burial cases, caskets, coiBns, etc., .
454,820
682,922
+228,602
+50.32
Charcoal and kindlers, ....
18,747
9,766
—3,981
-28.96
Corks, bongs, and taps, ....
58,532
117,149
+68,617
+100.16
Lumber,
4,400,556
6,526,230
+2,125,674
+48.80
Wooden goods,
4,600,604
4,828,687
—272,067
—6.91
Miaeellmneoaa.
105,887,648
188,274,152
+27,436,604
+26.92
Brooms, brushes, and mops.
1,481,492
2,026,416
+694,924
+41.66
Building,
68,285,229
75,675,847
+12,390,118
+19.68
Buttons and dress trimmings, .
1,070,164
681,081
-389,078
—36.36
Pancy articles, etc.,
728,426
1,243,682
+620,256
+71.92
Fine arts and taxidermy, ....
41,112
58,096
+16,984
+41.81
Fireworks and matches, ....
150,510
801,296
+160,786
+100.18
Ink, mucilage, and paste, ....
664,078
1,424,870
+860,792
+162.60
Perfumes, toilet articles, etc
309,584
349,043
+39,459
+12.76
Photographs and photographic materials.
1,747,470
2,257,808
+610,338
+29.20
Printing, publishing, and bookbinding, .
23,341,640
86,622,040
+12,280,400
+62.61
Sporting and athletic goods,
662,898
517,481
—145,417
-21.94
Straw and palm leaf goods.
5,626,688
4,883,486
-1,243,162
-22.09
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars.
4,668,069
6,328,390
+765,821
+16.77
Toys and games (children's), .
806,950
660,992
—146,958
—18.09
217,088
838,537
+121,449
+55.94
Whips, lashes, and stocks, ....
1,296,810
1,661,221
+854,911
+27.38
Establishments each producing lees than
$500 annually,*
-
754,366
-
-
BecapUulalion : By Groups.
Total ilronpa.
Chemical,
Food, .
Leather,
Metal, .
Metal and wood.
Mineral,
Paper, . .
Bubber, .
TextUe, .
Wood, .
Jiiscellaneous,
$849,807,302
8,909,284
20,106,217
99,146,963
149,998,298
72,146,276
71,330,900
11,289,620
30,435,690
26,172,989
236,426,005
17,948,618
105,887,648
$1,035,953,355
9,758,981
28,702,108
118,000,341
173,909,815
94,769,161
102,785,521
14,259,774
88,939,648
81,563^252
278,061,081
21,850,126
188,274,162
+$186,146,053
+789,747
+8,595,886
+18,943,378
+23,911,017
+22,623,886
+81,454,621
+2,970.264
+3,503,858
+6,880,318
+41,635,076
+3,901,513
+27,436,504
+21.90
+8.81
+17.88
+19.11
+16.94
+81.86
+44.10
+26.81
+11.61
+20.56
+17.61
+21.74
+26.92
* See second paragraph on page 127.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
148 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
In the following table, we show the average number of per-
sons employed in 1895, by industries, in comparison with the
average number of men, women, and children in 1900 :
Persons Employed: by Industries.
Agrtcultoral Implements, .
Arms and ammonitlon
Artisans* tools,
Awnings, sails, tents, etc.,
Boots and shoes,
Boxes (paper and wooden), .
Brick, tiles, and sewer pipe, .
Brooms, brashes, and mops, .
Building,
Burial cases, caskets, coffins, etc., .
Buttons and dress trimmings, .
Carpetings,
Carriages and wagons
Cement, kaolin, lime, and plaster, .
Charcoal and kindlers, . . . .
Chemical preparations (compounded), .
Clocks, watches, and jewelry, .
Clothing,
Concrete walks, paying, etc., .
Cooking, lighting, and heating appara-
tus,
Cordage and twine,
Corks, bungs, and taps, . . . .
Cotton goods,
Cotton, woollen, and other textiles.
Crayons, pencils, crucibles, etc., .
Drugs and medicines, ....
Dyestuffs,
Earthen, plaster, and stone ware, .
Electrical apparatus and appliances, .
Electroplating,
Emery and sand paper and cloth, etc., .
Fancy articles, etc.,
Fertilizers,
Fine arts and taxidermy, ....
Fireworks and matches, . . . .
Flax, hemp, jute, and linen goods, .
Food preparations,
Furniture,
Gas and residual products.
Glass,
Glue, isinglass, and starch.
Hair work (animal and human), .
Average
M umber of
Penons
Employed
18»5
000
1,699
2,105
266
69,829
4,676
1,816
880
29,244
242
1,014
4,682
6,628
166
7
422
6,267
17,630
188
2,147
2,688
87
88,113
1,766
47
1,143
172
281
8,449
209
828
461
808
18
84
2,184
18,666
6,929
1,176
412
886
198
ATSBAOS NlTKBUt OT PBBSOMS
EMPLOTBD ~ \%%%
Men over
leTean
8U
1,661
1,942
280
48,976
8,068
1,426
664
86,768
287
802
2,027
6,010
886
6
680
4,202
7,469
949
1,869
2,170
42
46,488
661
66
626
4,888
196
19
*-
666
10,965
7,648
1,406
514
816
10
Women
orer
16 Yean
2
108
94
20,849
2,907
619
80
47
443
1,965
81
2,804
18,029
1
86
1,412
19
41,601
84
54
917
17
796
8,711
1,167
8
26
42
68
Children
under
16 Tears
1
40
18
1,109
118
8
82
44
27
604
17
202
1
8
161
6,972
10
4
103
4
128
190
47
26
1
312
1,608
2,068
864
66,984
6,098
1,429
1,105
85,882
284
772
4,486
6,106
836
6
622
6,685
25,700
961
1,912
3,738
61
92,961
i,4ia
100
684
6,908
219
871
481
22T
1»
«.
1,474
14,866
8,862
1,409
665
858
74
♦ Included under " Other industries " in 1900.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS : 1895, 1900.
149
Persons Employed: by Industries — Concluded.
IXDUSTBIKt.
Hoee : mbber, linen, etc., .
Hosiery and knit goods, .
Ink, mucilage, and paste, .
Ivory, bone, shell, and horn goods, etc.
Leather, ......
Liquors and beverages (not splrltuouB)
Liquors: malt, distilled, and fermented,
Lumber,
Machines* and machinery,
Metals and metallic goods.
Mixed textiles, ....
Models, lasts, and patterns, .
Musical instruments and materials,
Oils and illuminating fluids, .
Paints, colors, and crude chemicals.
Paper and paper goods, .
Perfumes, toilet articles, etc., .
Photographs and photographic ma.
terials,
Polishes and dressing,
Printing, publishing, and bookbinding,
Print works, dye works, and bleacheries,
Bailroad construction and equipment, .
Rubber and elastic goods,
Saddlery and harness, . . . .
Scientific instruments and appliances, .
Shipbuilding,
Silk and silk goods,
Sporting and athletic goods, .
Stone,
Straw and palm leaf goods, .
Tallow, candles, soap, and grease, .
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars.
Toys and games (children's), .
Trunks and valises,
Whips, lashes, and stocks.
Wooden goods,
Woollen goods,
Worsted goods,
Other industries,
Establishments each producing less than
$500 annually,*
All Industries,
Average
Nomberof
Persons
Employed
1895
569
6fiU
96
966
8,181
417
3,134
1,911
21,508
22,728
760
660
8,312
130
274
13,616
47
917
338
11,982
7,459
8,164
10,504
934
1,482
865
2,427
554
6,148
8,441
897
2,419
556
117
505
6,087
19,365
12,504
432,272
AVSBAQB KUMBBB OF PBBSOVB
EMFLOTXD ~ 1900
Men over
16 Yean
1,066
102
1,068
7,889
447
2,391
6,116
88,666
21,141
402
661
8,181
149
811
6,928
21
637
170
10,867
4,062
8,572
6,202
763
1,331
1,606
1,102
195
6,716
932
861
2,088
815
117
480
11,734
9,880
8,672
341,783
Women
over
16 Tears
99
4,668
60
209
262
7
80
61
472
2,004
47
12
241
10
26
4,742
85
4,491
970
8
4,806
21
806
1,887
109
1,808
88
700
107
18
194
87
6,910
8,410
2,124
143,109
Cihildren
under
16 Yean
460
1
84
14
6
8
881
16
1
1
46
1
11
837
96
184
1
66
171
6
6
13
14
12
1
21
29
678
1,077
88
12,666
Total
891
6,679
168
1,826
7,666
460
2,424
6,203
84,196
28,476
464
678
8,428
160
837
11,716
67
910
898
15,186
6,120
8,676
11,194
786
1,708
1,606
3,110
804
6,721
2,246
947
2,762
434
136
696
2,696
18,322
18,867
760
498,208
* See second paragraph on page 127.
In the following table is given the total wages paid to men,
women, and children, for 1900, in comparison with the total
amount paid in 1895 to persons of both sexes :
Digitized by VjOOQIC
150 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Wages Paid: by Industries.
Agricultural Implements,
Arms and ammunition,
Artisans' tools,
Awnings, sails, tents, etc.
Boots and shoes, .
Boxes (paper and wooden),
Brick, tiles, and sewer pipe.
Brooms, brushes, and mops.
Building, ....
Burial cases,caskets,coffins,etc.
Buttons and dress trimmings,
Carpetings, ....
Carriages and wagons,
Cement, kaolin, lime, and plaster,
Charcoal and kindlers.
Chemical preparations (com
poimded), ....
Clocks, watches, and jewelry,
Clothing, ....
Concrete walks, paving, etc.,
Cooking, lighting, and heating
apparatus, .
Cordage and twine.
Corks, bungs, and taps.
Cotton goods,
Prugs and medicines, .
DyestufEs,
Earthen, plaster, and stone ware,
Electrical apparatus and ap
pliances,
Electroplating,
Emery and sand paper
cloth, etc., .
Fancy articles, etc..
Fertilizers, .
Fine arts and taxidermy,
Flax, hemp, jute, and
goods
Food preparations.
Furniture,
Gas and residual products,
Glass
Glue, isinglass, and starch.
Hair work (animal and human)
Hose : rubber, linen, etc., .
Hosiery and knit goods.
Ink, mucilage, and paste, .
Ivory, bone, shell, and horn
goods, etc.,
and
linen
Total
Amount
Paid
inWagea
1S95
$299,282
820,965
1,140,337
149,920
28,276,266
1,778,617
803,360
289,768
17,060,640
146,122
343,149
1,749,670
3,743,639
77,767
2,281
230,983
3,180,066
6,822,649
82,384
1,366,304
872,766
9,679
27,447,232
476,963
87,078
104,269
1,740,222
111,307
173,153
160,403
163,797
9,871
662,947
6,458,105
3,598,771
699,342
208,365
173,418
73,695
253,018
1,711,511
49,328
393,244
Total Amount Paid in Waqss— 190#
Men over
16 Yean
$169,620
864,319
1,009,669
167,630
28,180,649
1,474,190
621,661
278,701
21,323,244
140,662
ia,049
996,330
3,176,691
193,409
2,296
328,631
2,401,687
4,498,166
486,260
1,143,360
820,409
18,695
18,482,896
286,696
37,610
246,136
2,818,134
108,454
211,063
131,092
114,619
10,043
243,386
6,803,151
3,969,934
811587
290,294
147,834
4,797
168,633
766,808
62,265
489,461
Women
over
16 Yean
$1,096
80,666
8*,682
7,247,296
846,060
146,636
9,468
19,561
181,929
629,938
34,169
9,476
838,907
6,913,001
260
10,697
400,396
3,800
12,983,729
176,860
14,004
15,064
270,775
4,533
3,128
75,240
464
219,118
880,108
388,657
1,872
7,272
12,471
21,683
27,142
1,264,361
20,961
63,637
Children
under
16 Yean
$180
7,160
8,000
207,976
18,689
650
6,452
9,780
3,224
94,435
3,662
6,113
85,168
300
1,767
29,104
1,182,354
1,902
941
25,128
792
420
31,124
8,929
5,046
130
3,818
75,684
156
6,797
Total
$169,700
862,665
1,043,124
192,212
80,635,920
2,338,929
622,311
426,789
21,342,482
160,213
276,202
1,722,708
3,214,622
193,409
2,296
338,716
3,246,707
10,446,315
485,820
1,155,824
1,249,909
22,495
32,648,978
464,468
61,614
262,141
3,114,037
113,779
214,191
206,752
115,083
10,048
486,186
6,714,383
4,367,520
813,459
302,612
160,305
26,610
199,493
2,096,863
659,785
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No 36.] COMPARISONS : 1895, 1900.
Wages Paid: by Industries — Concluded.
151
IlfDUSTBIKS.
Leather,
Liquors and beverages (no
spirituous),
Liquors: malt, distilled, and
fermented, ....
Lumber,
Machines and machinery, .
Metals and metallic goods,
Mixed textiles, .
Models, lasts, and patterns,
Musical instruments and ma-
terials,
Oils and illuminating fluids,
Faints, colors, and crude chemi-
cals,
Paper and paper goods,
Perfumes, toilet articles, etc..
Photographs and photographic
materials, ....
Polishes and dressing.
Printing, publishing, and book-
binding, ....
Print works, dye works, and
bleacheries,
Bailroad construction and equip
ment,
Rubber and elastic goods, .
Saddlery and harness,
Scientiflc instruments and ap
pliances, . . . .
Shipbuilding,
Silk and silk goods.
Sporting and athletic goods.
Stone,
Straw and palm leaf goods,
Tallow, candles, soap, and
grease,
Tobacco, snuff, and cigars,
Toys and games (children's),
Trunks and valises.
Whips, lashes, and stocks, .
Wooden goods.
Woollen goods,
Worsted goods.
Other industries, .
Establishments each producing
less than ^600 annually,*
All Industries, .
Total
Amount
Paid
in Wages
lli»5
$3,914,352
209,337
1,387,456
831,606
11,624,673
11,405,493
2,014,810
68,949
147,026
5,150,118
18,787
417,272
178,382
6,634,086
3,131,436
1,821,117
4,555,991
660,471
561,082
812,785
242,107
3,163,208
1,479,791
435,088
1,418,743
225,812
55,448
206,520
2,671,462
7,129,016
4,545,449
$192,970,059
Total Amount Paid in WAC»fl— 1900
Men over
16 Yean
$3,605,767
225,775
1,760,118
2,535,233
18,841,630
11,955,620
165,861
434,365
1,965,489
80,485
166,473
3,716,214
13,626
320,972
104,761
7,096,043
1,966,364
2,131,770
3,279,910
435,922
674,823
1,035,993
506,282
99,020
3,167,242
582,915
431,844
1,443,830
133.385
59,656
1,117,673
5,063,498
4,177,429
2,043,675
$180455,824
Women
over
16 Years
$77,784
6,871
9,337
17,374
149^364
603,201
12,512
2,997
71,502
3,650
1,332,897
12,850
141,766
68,617
1,633,037
317,090
1,047
1,553,659
6,914
92,192
562,989
34,141
454,^66
19^288
302,756
21,299
4,966
68,426
10,943
1,901,704
2,654,009
735,350
$46,630,890
Children
under
16 Years
$2,742
910
660
6,647
12,109
86,991
2,422
162
200
9,186
180
1,607
60,334
18,282
24,790
150
11,049
41,053
1,420
1,197
2,766
8,091
876
300
6,093
6,19ff
131,510
224,147
6,818
$2^453,728
Total
$3,686,298
282,066
1,770.006
2,669,164
19,008,108
12,646,812
180,796
437,362
2,087,168
84,286
176,101
6,068 297
26,666
464,246
168,378
8,789,414
2,291,736
2,132,817
4,858,259
442,986
778,064
1,035,998
1,110,324
133,161
3,168,662
1,038,768
453,898
1,749,676
156,560
64,912
291,890
1,133,811
7,096,712
7,056,586
2,784,748
49,321
$228,289^768
* See second paragraph on page 127.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
152 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Manufactuiies : by. Cities and Towns.
In the United States Census Bulletins, certain cities and
towns of the Commonwealth have been selected for presentation,
and in the following table we reproduce the figures showing
the number of establishments, the amount of capital invested,
the average number of persons employed, the total amount
paid in wages, and the value of stock used in 1900 :
Establishments^ Capital^ Wages, etc, : By Cities and Toums.
THB STATB, CITIS0, AMD TOWVI.
Number
of
Ettab-
Ushments
Amount
of
Capital
Invested
Average
Number of
^nployed
Total
Waset
Paid
Value of
Stock Ueed
TH£ STATB.
Ablngton, ....
Adams
Amesbnry,
Amherst, . . . .
Andoyer, ....
Arlington
Athol,
Attleborough, .
Bbybblt, ....
Blackstone,
Boston, . . . .
Bridgewater, .
Brockton,
Brookfleld,.
Cambbidoe, .
Canton, ....
Chelsba, . . . .
Chicopeb,. . . .
Clinton, . . . V.
Dalton, . . . .
Danyers, ....
Dedham, . . . .
Dudley, . . . .
Easthampton, .
Easton, . . . .
Etebett, ....
Fairhayen,.
Fall Bivbb, .
FiTCHBUBO,
Foxborough, . • .
Framingbam, . •
Franklin, ....
Gardner, . . . •
Gloucesteb, .
81,968
67
107
67
57
90
129
179
227
28
7,247
M
428
86
782
122
104
90
96
18
68
46
168
47
786
308
46
144
61
118
892
$826A6(V280
768,896
6,646,961
2,949,fi66
669,066
2,096,294
406,128
1,722,698
6,888,100
2,662,966
6,028,339
148,811,876
866,911
10,196,688
893,869
26,662,761
2,214,623
8,211,682
6,696,802
7,098,744
1,724,828
1398,834
777,098
1,978,291
2,300,366
1,244,991
6,107,736
829,491
68,649,984
13,033,898
808,048
8,092,662
1,823,666
6,078,162
4,687,669
498,208
1,668
8,316
2,347
626
1,106
823
1,466
6,106
2,810
1,742
72,142
888
10,986
466
12,986
749
8,332
4^1
4,021
848
974
678
1,196
1,714
706
2,141,
813
82,780
6,796
491
2,476
8,063
3,379
718,181
1,284,469
1,027,222
263,906
496,212
197,099
668,445
2,854,880
1,890,066
776,201
39,184,191
478,881
6,166,462
202,800
6,786,070
389,899
1,626,876
1,668,862
1,600,948
861,101
489,482
806,824
437,177
668,988
810,994
1,068,987
170,096
11,739,129
8,118,078
221,868
1,018,889
897,846
1,299,492
1,
$562,919,846
1,712,764
1,839,969
2,090,449
716,093
1,073,222
268,964
1,807,815
4,106,820
2,646,186
2,850,800
99,657,019
1,300,927
15,980,658
544,501
5,764,409
6,666,713
2,913,952
726,946
1,756,846
687,660
1,018,132
1,462,606
803,926
2,726,197
126,608
19,789,859
8,062,718
869,607
2,010,281
954,409
2,464,287
4,862,660
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.]
COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
153
Establishments, Capital^ Wages, etc, : By CUies and ToMms— Continued.
Thb Statb, OniBs, AMD Towiri.
Kninber
of
Ettab-
Ushments
Amount
of
Cftpltol
Invetted
Average
Number of
Person!
Employed
Total
Wacee
Value of
Stock Used
Grafton, .
Great Harrington, .
Greenfield, .
Groveland,
Hardwlck, .
Hatebhill, .
Hinsdale, .
HOLTOKS, .
Hopedale, .
Hudson,
Hyde Park,
Ipswich,
Lawrence,
Leicester, .
Leominster,
Lowell, .
Lynn,.
Maldek, .
Mansfield, .
Marblehead,
Mablbobough,
Maynard, .
Medfobd, .
Melbose, .
Merrlmac, .
Methuen, .
Middleborough,
MUford, . . .
Millbnry, . . .
Milton,
Monson, .
Montague, .
Natick, . . .
New Bedfobd,
Newbubtpobt,
Newton, .
NoBTH Adams,
NOBTHAMPTON, . .
North Andover, .
North Attleborough,
Northbridge,
North Brookfield, .
Norwood, .
Orange,
Palmer,
Peabody, , . «
PiTTSriELD, .
48
94
141
11
16
685
14
4S8
4
74
127
64
646
71
20
167
961
776
242
52
100
142
43
141
106
40
74
110
129
54
58
43
154
618
195
297
231
214
34
116
31
51
53
81
78
161
$1,988,007
1,486,891
1,725,880
798,941
1,442,618
6,801,665
840,046
26,760,081
8,081,796
1,615,182
8,740,058
826,419
49,914,085
1,209,609
970,246
8,987,611
46,678,198
17,011,761
5,906,279
557,480
469,869
2,191,860
2,349,645
1,328,106
3,296,048
252,812
1,203,412
1,034,730
1,240,782
1,047,897
291,284
690,481
2,653,595
1,061.820
29,073,410
3,863,199
5,105,196
14,563,492
2,728,140
1,226,212
2,014,999
3,826,406
962,164
2,487,949
2.770,120
3,104^049
4,437,229
6,084,849
1,256
1,010
1,228
415
766
10,600
260
18,464
1,464
1,571
2,792
843
647
8,628
81,877
17,492
8,082
571
1,032
2,780
1,428
252
726
1,081
1,654
694
335
628
1,208
1,502
16,409
3,076
8,094
6,796
2,406
873
2,162
2,648
1,307
1,511
1,315
8,058
2,881
8,863
$466,729
415,547
661,560
172,806
289,982
6,086,882
6,780,996
790,489
769,625
1,817,684
882,277
8,972,810
274,004
266,210
1,600,186
U,821,688
8,676,042
1,520,658
274,840
411372
1,804,801
846,480
487,798
696,422
114,739
802,984
610,724
773,144
270,862
189,920
284,606
564,186
726,137
6,780,798
1,826,719
1,581,889
2,949,010
1,140,655
420,058
1,160,062
1,180,404
643,885
859,242
686,682
1,251.992
1,884,126
1,627,790
$927,967
882,082
884,448
694,026
691,854
15,628,972
276,688
18,678,969
1,214,896
2,440,180
2,747,689
481,886
26,176,644
483,569
641,288
2,986,707
21,727,844
25,466,798
4,607,400
485,581
811,180
8,067,414
888,742
896,460
2,406,575
200,791
694,506
1,298,426
1,636.739
679,605
271,787
410,872
847,319
2,094,160
12,727,776
8,258,571
8,065,921
6,410,262
1,974,483
665,002
1,609,569
1,140,796
2,078,095
1,828,438
1,217,298
2,575,880
4,583,297
8,616,578
Digitized by VjOOQIC
154 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Establishments^ Capital, Wages, etc. : By Cities and Towns ^ Concluded.
ThX 8TATS, CITIB8, AHD TOWVI.
Number
of
BsUb-
Uihments
Amount
of
CapiUl
Invested
Average
Number of
Persons
Employed
Total
Wages
Paid
Yalue of
Stock Used
QUINCT
Randolph,
Beading,
Revere,
Rockland,
Rockport,
Salem,
Salisbury
Shelbume,
SOMERVILLE,
Southbridge,
South Hadley
Spencer,
Springfield
Stoneham,
Stoughton
Taunton
Wakefield
Walpole,
Waltham
Ware,
Warren,
Watertown,
Webster,
Westborough,
Westfleld,
West Springfield
Weymouth,
Whitman,
Wilbraham,
WilliamstowD,
Winchendon,
Winchester
Winthrop,
WOBURN
Worcester,
Other towns,
Establishments each producing
less than $500 annually,"^ .
889
M
72
82
81
41
446
11
83
878
109
24
81
817
94
66
284
97
44
276
100
89
105
83
67
186
41
180
66
15
88
68
62
43
123
1,071
2,678
2,773
$2,208,197
441,070
466,247
602,819
998,824
787,226
7,460,986
11,970
182,068
10,181,696
4,269,868
768,186
1,619,234
17,106,947
822,071
2,126,821
11,787,899
8,209,070
2,010,886
9,162,169
8,284,699
1,379,668
4,649,242
3,788,676
948,047
4,846,372
984,946
4,427,828
2,064,816
711,426
816,868
1,464,868
3,724,461
106,446
2,983,706
42,966,748
63,686,166
2,896,998
2,646
726
448
266
1,071
6,424
14
90
4,842
2,871
264
1,666
10,128
1,290
1,071
7,102
1,616
684
6,892
2,777
1,027
2,804
2,490
848
2,641
626
1,998
2,069
171
866
1,238
1,156
118
1,696
31,686
760
$1,878,823
869,160
188,646
188,129
616,974
266,684
2,842,678
6,988
39,006
2,199,491
1,226,064
109,382
618,917
6,176,299
644,218
461,274
8,881,680
784,644
870,946
2,680,929
979,980
426,694
1,180,099
870,244
888,686
1,229,643
846,776
911,602
1,092,024
81,100
141,864
462,682
666,064
60,643
767,670
12,894,784
13,462,680
49,821
$1,800,260
908,917
684,621
170,181
1,868,969
142,897
7,169,987
8,248
60,112
17,846,772
1,947,000
238,861
1,812,616
9,194,841
1,894,999
1,621,417
6,993,237
1,364,263
826,216
2,817,792
2,119,178
688,187
8,811,808
2,447,448
1,087,316
2,401,460
661,676
8,246,899
8,160,466
668,196
182,611
1,866,169
100,648
8,064,966
26,666,176
86,166,662
201,891
* See second paragraph on page 127.
In the following table, we compare the value of goods made
and work done in certain cities and towns of the Common-
wealth and present also the percentages of increase or decrease
in the population in 1900 as compared with 1895 :
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
155
Value
of Goods Made and Work Done : By OUies and Towns.
Yalux of Ooons Mai>b
AND WosK Dom
Pbbcbntaobs
OF INCBBASB (+) OB DB-
Thb Statb, Citiks, awd Towirs.
CKBASB (-) IN 1900
1S95
1900
In
In
Population
THE STATE.
$849,807,302
$1,036,963,356
+21.90
+12.21
Abington,
1,679,728
2.684.644
-1-69.88
+6.70
Adams.
2,608,210
4,189,239
-1-67.02
-M2.07
Amesbury, .
8,268,122
3,898,261
-1-19.28
-6.14
Amberst, .
827,933
1.316.143
+58.97
+6.08
Andover, .
1,562,421
1,888,329
+21.64
+10.87
Arlington, .
626.850
681,010
+29.61
+82.05
Athol, . .
2.337,374
2,549.204
+9.06
-4.11
Attleborougbi
4,226,189
9,442,762
+123.49
+36.76
Bbybrlt, .
8,692,694
4,933,762
+83.61
+17.60
Blackstone,
'3,728,881
6,693,641
+76.88
-6.27
Boston, .
166,774,080
206,081,767
+24.31
+12.87
Bridgewater,
628,752
2,076,377
+292.60
+28.90
Brockton, .
21,913,734
26,384,881
+20.40
+20.80
Brookfield, .
1,170,286
809,420
—30.84
-6.62
Oambbidgb,
37,673,284
39.164.013
+3.96
+12.56
Canton,
2,071,862
1.660,829
-20.32
-1.12
Chelsba, .
8,994,330
10,333,649
+14.89
+8.98
CmcoPBB, .
6,667,650
8,704,907
+80.55
+16.78
Clinton,
4,356,409
6,446,763
+26.06
+18.87
Dalton,
1,361,709
1,619,191
+18.91
—6.11
Danven, .
2,619,686
2,654,986
+1.35
+4.41
Dedbam, .
748,999
1,260,125
-i-68.24
+3.41
Dudley. .
1,497,640
1,661,978
+10.98
+10.98
Eaatbampton,
2,261,168
2,669,763
+18.07
+16.97
Baston,
815,394
1,623,467
-1-86.84
-h8.65
1,884,193
6,038,120
+167.39
-1-81.08
Falrbaven. .
406,693
408,099
-f-0.87
-1-6.86
Fall Biysb,
88,934,678
43,0n,630
+10.68
+17.66
FiTCHBUBG,
10,629,400
14,253,622
+34.10
+19.39
Foxborougb,
1,031,766
777,219
-24.67
+1.46
Framingbam,
8,008,178
3,714,732
+23.49
+18.82
Fianklin, .
2,293,678
1,686,041
—26.49
-2.32
Gardner, .
5,821,501
4,763,863
—10.48
+17.76
Glouobstbb,
5,590,366
7,843,783
+40.31
-7.41
Grafton, •
1,608,924
1,708,342
+6.18
—4.56
Great Barringtoi
«i
726,388
1,671,674
+130.44
+22.11
Greenfield, .
1,118,379
2,093,362
+87.18
+27.26
791,136
867,786
+8.42
+1.84
Hardwick, .
1,138,649
1,173,776
+8.09
+20.64
Haysbhill,
19,090,382
• 24,937,078
+30.63
+23.06
Hinsdale, .
540,111
434.627
—19.68
—10.00
HOLTOKX, .
22,781,222
26,283,964
+15.88
+13.87
Digitized by VjOOQIC
156 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
VcUue of Goods Made and Work Done: By CUiea and Towns — Continued.
Thb Stats, Cribs, avd Towiri.
ViXUB OF GOOM Maob
▲n> WoBX Don
IMS
PSBOnrTAOBI
OF IHOBMABB (4*) OB DB«
0BBA8B (-) nr 1»0«
In
MBnaflMtiirM
In
Population
Hopedale, ,
Hudson,
Hyde Park,
Ipiwleh, ,
L4WBBX0B,
Lee, . .
Leiceater, •
Leomlnater,
LOWBUi, .
Lthn, .
MiLDXir, .
Mansfield, .
Marblebead,
MABLBOBOUeH, .
Maynard, .
MXDFOBD, .
MXLBOSB, .
Merrlmae, . «
Mefhnen, .
Middleborougfa, .
Milford, . .
MUlbnry, . .
MUton, . .
Monaon,
Montague, . .
Natlek,
Nbw Bbdvobd, .
NXWBITBTPOBT, .
NxwTOir, .
North Adams, .
nobthaxptoh, . .
North Andover, .
North AtUeborough, •
Northbridge,
North Brookfleld, .
Norwood, • • •
Orange,
Palmer,
Peabody, .
PlTTSriBLD,
QXTIKOT,
$1,879,688
2,081,004
8,848,677
1,176,060
81,026,670
088,068
1,244,128
4,620,460
80,124,646
84,444,001
7,486,724
036,406
1,808,488
6,673,622
1,616,644
1,714,800
8,440,182
603,000
1,608,746
2,447,101
2,680,886
1,847,648
366,428
1,206,886
1,600,074
2,221,308
20,637,002
6,176,786
6,128,406
14,224,317
4,406,421
1,383,267
2,060,704
2,221,860
2,880,776
2,468,007
2,470,080
2,716,620
6,086,864
6,163,206
Bandolph,
Reading,
Rerere,
8,682,472
801,271
866,601
370,667
$8,810,747
8,621,187
6,007,400
1,104,826
44,708,278
1,168,828
1,068,660
6,866,174
44,774,626
41,688,846
7,060,202
1,086,804
1,410,406
4,086,800
1,634,008
1,007,624
8,046,680
801,708
1,278,020
2,208,046
8,071,403
1,082,204
676,703
876,128
1,086,608
8,208,777
26,681,671
6,686,768
6,822,282
11,682,668
4,103,486
1,846,680
8,000,781
8,028,661
3,018,676
8,848,074
2,602,268
4,483,036
7,261,647
7,186,770
8,048,082
1,426,800
044,422
461,216
+140.62
+28.62
+80.08
+1.61
+44.08
+18.86
-14.60
+20.20
+14.40
+20.87
+7.08
+10.60
+7.70
—10.68
—6.06
+11.24
+14.60
-22.26
—26.01
—6.06
+20.06
—10.60
+00.18
—82.44
+17.48
+48.60
+26.04
+0.86
+23.40
—17.87
—4.88
—2.72
+84.83
+86.34
+26.70
+86.00
+6.81
+66.08
+10.82
+16.78
+11.70
+77.06
+0.11
+18.86
+61.66
+2.76
+11.00
—1.31
+10.03
—11.66
+6.46
+84.68
+12.67
+0.88
+18.32
+7.68
-1.16
—0.18
+1.68
+26.06
+8.88
—7.80
+32.02
+2.08
+26.08
—14.60
+10.21
—0.18
+1.62
+7.66
+18.02
—0.61
+21.74
+26.47
+11.88
+18.88
+10.80
+88.11
-1.04
+10.81
+2.07
+18.76
+0.67
+6.88
+16.80
+8.09
+6.84
+40.04
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.]
COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
157
Value of Goods Made and Work Done : By Cities and Towns — Concluded.
Ths Stats, CxTxsa, akd Towirs.
Rockland, .
Bockport, .
Balbm,
Bftlifbnry, .
Bhelbume, .
BOMBBYILLS,
Bonthbiidge,
South Hadley,
Bpencer,
Spbingvisld,
Stonehaxn, .
Stoughton, .
Taunton,
Wakefield,
Walpole,
Waltham,
Ware
Warren,
Watertown,
Webster,
Westborough
Westfleld,
West Springfield, . . . .
Weymouth,
Whitman,
Wilbraham,
Williamstown,
Winchendon,
Winchester,
Winthrop,
WOBURN,
WOBCBSTEB,
All other towns, . . . .
Aggregates : Cities
AggregateB : Towns, ...
Establishments each producing less
than $500 annually,*
Valub of Ooox>0 Haob
AKD WOBX Dons
1S»5
$1,771,802
863,175
10,465,019
878,047
16,064,706
3,039,374
698,418
2,609,758
16,569,228
2,426,299
2,191,232
9,947,686
8,048,394
1,576,557
5,000,456
2,408,958
1,558,874
8,062,849
3,509,467
942,820
3,834,112
1,365,428
5,013,816
3,465,223
644,007
353,007
1,576,328
2,305,322
220,830
5,782,266
41,082,611
55,264,069
630,462,297
219,345,005
1»0«
$2,288,972
684,755
12,257,449
24,825
140,575
21,776,511
3,854,688
522,810
2,784,994
21,207,039
2,856,919
2,297,798
12,594,814
2,958,656
1,972,398
6,934,381
3,681,069
1,275,574
6,078,902
4,086,267
1,783,298
6,072,074
1,142,105
5,583,144
5,009,786
736,178
434,3n
1,745,925
3,257,172
242,111
4,450,566
53,848,783
65,355,233
764,161,469
271,037,520
754,866
PSBOSMTAQKS
or INCSBASK (-I-) OR DS-
0BSA8S (— ) IN IIHIO
In In
Hanu&ctures Population
+29.28
—26.46
+17.18
—98.29
—62.82
+85.66
+26.82
—26.14
+6.71
+27.99
+17.76
+4.86
+26.61
—2.94
+25.11
+38.67
+52.81
—18.16
+98.47
+16.44
+89.26
+32.29
—16.36
+11.87
+44.57
+14.31
+23.05
+10.76
+41.29
+9.64
-23.03
+29.86
+17.03
+21.21
+23.57
—8.66
—18.18
+4.80
+19.86
-8.88
+18.09
+21.62
+1.87
+0.17
+20.45
-1.38
+3.22
+14.46
+11.87
+19.31
+12.48
+8.00
—0.29
+24.63
+12.89
+3.16
+15.45
+16.00
+0.29
+7.16
—8.38
+2.58
+11.38
+17.85
+44.51
+0.54
+19.90
+5.40
+14.10
+8.64
* See second paragraph on page 127.
The increase in the value of goods made and work done in
the cities in 1900 as compared with 1895 is 21.21 per cent,
nearly equal to the increase shown for the State (21.90), and
in the towns the increase is 23.57 per cent. It is interesting
to note that while the cities gained in population at the rate
of 14 persons in every 100, the value of product increased at
Digitized by VjOOQIC
158 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURER. [Pub. Doc.
the rate of $21 in every $100, and that while the population
of the towns shows a lower rate of increase per 100 persons,
there is a slightly larger rate of product value to each $100.
The value of goods made and work done in the cities in
1895 was 74.19 per cent of the aggregate product of the State,
and in 1900, 73.76 per cent.
The value of goods made and work done in the towns in
1895 was 25.81 per cent of the aggregate product of the State,
and in 1900, 26.16 per cent.
That the cities, while duly prosperous, did not make such
progress as the towns in the aggregate, will be seen by refer-
ence to the preceding table. In only one city (Everett) does
the percentage of increase exceed 100 per cent, while in four
towns (Attleborough, Bridgewater, Great Barrington, and
Hopedale) the percentage of increase is in excess of 100 and
in the town of Bridgewater the increase is nearly 300 per cent.
Four of the cities show a decrease in the value of goods
made and work done, namely, Marlborough, North Adams,
Northampton, and Woburn. Marlborough also shows a de-
crease in population in 1900 as compared with 1895.
Industrial Combinations.
The following table reproduces the figures from the Census
Bulletin relating to Industrial Combinations :
Industrial Combinations,
CLAlSiriCATIOK.
Number of plants,
Capital inyested, .
Land,
BuildingB,
Machinery, tools, and imple-
ments, . . .
Cash and sundries, .
Salaried officers, clerks, etc..
Salaries paid, .
Average numl)er wage earners,
Total wages paid, .
Males (16 years and over), .
Wages paid, .
Females (16 years and over).
Wages paid, .
123
$118,622,094
$9,a02,28&
$14,072,296
$29,968,688
$66,806,826
1,846
$2,621,304
38,801
$17,075,415
$13,479,745
10,378
$3,184,196
CLASSmCATIOX.
in.
Children (under 16 years).
Wages paid, .
Miscellaneous expenses,
Bent of works, .
Taxes (except internal
nue), ...
Bent of offices, interest,
surance, etc., .
Contract work.
Cost of materials used,
Principalmaterials^ncluding
mill supplies and freight,
Fuel and rent of power and
heat,
Value of goods made and work
done, . . . • •
i»o«
1,526
$411,474
$5,666,869
$97,157
$688,093
$4,818,698
$12,416
$64,510,139
$62,760,044
$1,750,095
$102,921,247
Digitized by VjOOQlC
No. 36.]
COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
159
In the following table we show the relative proportions of
capital invested, persons employed, wages paid, goods made,
etc., in the industrial combinations and in all the other estab-
lishments in the State for 1900 :
CLABSinCATIOIf.
PSBOSNTAOB0
Amount of capital inyeeted,
Value of stock and materials used, .
Value of goods made and work done,
Average number of persons employed,
Total amoimt paid in wages, .
From, this table it is seen that, in 1900, 14.41 per cent of
the capital invested in the manufacturing and mechanical in-
dustries in the State was invested by industrial combinations.
They used 11.66 per cent of the aggregate value of stock and
materials used, and produced 9.94 per cent of the total value
of goods made and work done. Of the aggregate average
number of persons employed, 7.80 per cent were employed by
industrial combinations, and to them 7.48 per cent of the total
amount disbursed in wages was paid.
Selected Industry Presentations.
For detailed presentation, certain industries have been
selected by the United States Census Office, and, in the
following pages, we reproduce the figures together with
similar data from reports made to this Department.
Paper and Pvlp MiUs.
In prior United States Censuses, paper and wood pulp
were treated as separate industries, but in 1900 the schedule
of inquiry was so prepared as to apply to paper mills, pulp
mills, and paper and pulp when manu&ctured in the same
plant.
In 1890, there were two pulp mills the returns of which are
not included in the figures given for that year. In 1895, the
classification adopted by this Department included not only
Digitized by VjOOQIC
160 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub, Doc.
the manufacture of paper, but also that of paper goods, such as
envelopes, stationery, papeteries, tablets, etc. The manu&ct-
ure of wood pulp was not included under this industry heading.
In 1900, as before stated, the figures covered the returns made
not only by paper mills but also pulp mills.
CLABSiriOATIOW.
1S90
IMS
1»0«
Number of eBtablishments,
Amount of capital Invested,
Value of stock used
Miscellaneous expenses, .
Value of goods made and work done,
Newspaper
Book paper,
Fine paper,
Wrapping paper, ....
Boards,
Other paper
Ground wood pulp
All other goods made.
Average number of persons employed,
Amount paid in wages,
86
$22,467,036
$12,210,458
$1,832,768
$21,624,173
$1,808,000
$6,660,528
$8,911,723
$3,132,806
$126,525
$1,461,961
$58,760
$973,896
7,817
$3,420,459
160
$27,336,211
$17,108,606
*_
$27,965,024
$1,266,989
$5,345,661
$10,096,879
$2,907,318
$818,061
$1,189,838
$6,340,828
12,616
$5,150,118
93
$26,692,922
$11,918,802
$1,693,506
$22,141,461
$840,706
$5,501,788
$11,296,628
$1,441,291
$954,111
$1,512,709
$2,000
$590,229
9,061
$3,938,400
* Not returned in 1895.
The following table gives, in considerable detail, all the
facts relating to the 93 establishments making returns to the
Federal Census Office in 1900.
Paper and Pulp Mills,
CLASSiriCATIOK.
Number of establishments,
Private firms, .
Corporations, .
Capital invested, .
Land, ....
Buildings, .
Machinery, tools, etc..
Cash and sundries, .
Salaried employes.
Salaries paid.
Officers of corporations.
Salaries paid, .
Superintendents, clerks, etc.
Salaries paid, .
1900
93
26
67
$26,692,922
$3,572,658
$5,805,874
$7,166,007
$10,168,383
510
$861,152
80
$273,675
430
$687,477
Classification.
Average number of wage earners
Total wages paid,
Males (16 years and over), .
Wages paid.
Females (16 years and over).
Wages paid.
Children (under 16 years), .
Wages paid.
Miscellaneous expenses.
Bent of works, .
Taxes (not including internal
revenue),
Bent of offices, insurance, in
terest, etc., .
Contract work, .
9,061
$8,938,400
6,626
$3,004,087
3,428
$932,878
7
$1,440
$1,693,606
$9,664
$l,416,in
$4,889
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
Paper and Pulp MUls — Continued.
161
CLASsmcATioir.
Value of Btock and materials
used, ....
Bags of all kinds (tons), .
Cost value,
Old or waste paper (tons),
Cost value,
Manila stock, rope, etc. (tons)
Cost value.
Straw (tons), .
Cost value,
Domestic spmce for ground
wood (cords).
Cost value,
I>omestic spruce for sulphite
and soda fiber (cords),
Cost value,
Canadian spmce for ground
wood (cords), .
Cost value,
Canadian spruce for sulphite
and soda fiber (cords).
Cost value.
Domestic poplar for soda fiber
(cords).
Cost value.
Other pulp wood for ground
wood (cords).
Cost value.
Other pulp wood for sulphite
and soda fiber (cords),
Cost value,
Ground wood pulp purchased
(tons), ....
Cost value.
Soda wood fiber purchased
(tons), ....
Cost value,
Sulphite wood fiber purchased
(tons), ....
Cost value.
Other chemical fiber purchased
(tons), ....
Cost value.
Chemicals, ....
Clay
Colors
Sizing,
All other stock, .
Fuel,
Bent of power and heat, .
Mill supplies.
All other materials, .
Freight, ....
$11,918,802
86,716
$8,806,609
42,866
$816,272
10,966
$286,288
26
$197
8,062
$16,912
18,194
$94,090
8,466
$78,860
6,809
$89,419
3,060
$17,941
900
$4,336
100
$600
21,308
$400,299
26,493
$1,069,036
36,912
$1,709,804
1,861
$99,666
$730,424
$840,267
$162,301
$348,660
$90,666
$1,035,131
$219,080
$314,068
$670,636
$236,031
Classiticatioii.
Value of goods made and work
done, .
News paper (tons), .
Selling value, .
Book paper (tons), .
Selling value, .
Cover paper (tons), .
Selling value, .
Plate, litho', map, wood-cut,
and other paper (tons),
Selling value, .
Card board, bristol board, card
middles, tickets,etc. (tons) ,
Selling value, .
Writing paper (tons).
Selling value, .
All otiier fine paper (tons).
Selling value, .
Wrapping paper— manila,etc,
(tons), ....
Selling value, ...
Heavy wrapping paper (tons)
Selling value, .
Straw paper (tons), .
Selling value, .
Bogus or wood manila paper,
all grades (tons).
Selling value, .
All other wrapping paper
(tons), .
Selling value, .
Binders and tronk board
(tons), ....
Selling value, .
Leather-board (tons),
Selling value, .
Press and album board (tons)
Selling value, .
Wood pulp board (tons), .
Selling value, ...
Straw board (tons), .
Selling value, .
All other boards (tons),
Selling value, .
Tissue paper (tons), .
Selling value, .
Blotting paper (tons).
Selling value, .
Building, roofing, asbestos,
andsheathingpaper (tons) ,
Selling value, ....
Carpet-lining pai>er (tons), .
Selling value, ....
1900
$22,141,461
22,194
$840,706
89,661
$8,120,867
4,086
$867,001
11,879
$1,007,466
18,664
$1,006,464
64,791
$8,761,666
18,264
$2,647,072
6,607
$646,888
10,264
$668,118
1,187
$9,600
2,266
$107,762
1,844
$109,628
1,618
$41,700
2,874
$190,794
680
$46,692
2,846
$144,436
800
$18,808
8,620
$611,682
2,479
$416,440
788
$111,627
14,372
$616,088
4,426
$141,499
Digitized by VjOOQIC
162 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Paper and Pulp Mills — Concluded.
CSLAtaznoATioir.
f09
CLASSmOATION.
1900
Value of goods made and work
Machinery— Con.
done— Con.
Cylinder paper machines,
60
Hanging paper (tons), .
2,26i
Total width (inches), . .
8,084
Selling value
$148,080
Wet machines
84
Miscellaneous paper (tons), .
1,427
680
Selling value, . . . .
$86,025
Capacity (pounds),
686,600
Ground wood pulp made for
294
own use (tons),
18,010
Capacity (pounds).
819,800
Made to sell as such (tons), .
100
Jordan or refining engines, .
174
Selling value,
$2,000
Digestors,
21
Soda fiber made to sell as such
Total capacity (tons), .
84
(tons)
1,771
Boilers used for digestors.
17
Selling value, . . . .
$70,840
Horsepower, . . . .
1,976
Su^hlte fiber made for own
Cooks per week.
201
use (tons),
8,014
Grinders (wood-pulp), .
42
Made to sell as such (tons), .
7,069
Selling value.
$868,882
Yearly capacity of mills :
All other products, .
$166,667
In paper (tons),
288,576
In pulp (tons), . . . .
81,920
Fourdrinier paper machines, .
152
Total width (inches), .
11,982
Total horse power,
82,893
The next presentation covers the returns made by the 68
establishments engaged in the manufacture of gas, taken also
from the Bulletin issued by the United States Census Office.
Gas and Residual Products.
Classxficatxow.
1900
Number of establishments.
Value of bonds, .
Interest paid during the year,
Value capital stock issued, .
Preferred,
Common,
Dividends paid during year, .
Capital invested, . . . .
Land,
- Buildings,
Machinery and gas-making
apparatus, holders, mains,
meters, teams, tools, horses,
wagons, and other acces-
sories,
Raw materials and finished
products on hand, includ-
ing by-products, .
68
$1,983,900
$90,414
$16,535,891
$21,800
$16,514,091
$1,449,546
$30,032,578
$3,591,388
$16,941,484
$668,361
CLASSIFICATIOir.
1900
Capital invested— Con.
Cash on hand, surplus, reserve
fund (invested or other.
wise), bills and unsettled
ledger accoimts receivable,
and sundries not included
in any of the foregoing
items
$2,819,542
Salaried officers, clerks, etc..
434
Total salaries paid, .
$420,086
Male salaried persons, .
874
Salaries paid, . . . .
$389,909
Female salaried persons, .
60
Salaries paid, . . . .
$30,176
Average number of wage earn-
ers, . . . . .
1,409
Total wages paid, .
$818,469
Males (16 years and over), .
1,406
Wages paid, . . . .
$811,687
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900. 163
Oas and Residual Produds — Concladed.
CLASSmOATIOK.
1»0«
CLABSinOATIOir.
1»0«
Females (16 years and over), .
8
Miscellaneous expenses— Con.
Wages paid, . . . .
$1,872
Bent of offices, . . . .
$86,329
Greatest number of persons em-
Taxes, including royalty and
ployed during the year, .
1,881
special tax.
$316,907
Smallest number, ....
1,851
Lamps and appliances pur-
Yalue ol stock and materials
chased for sale.
$41,877
used,
$1,661,873
Insurance, repairs, interest.
For gas making.
$1,482,700
freight, advertising, and
Coal (tons), .
224,726
all others not mentioned.
$768,562
Cost value, .
$790,788
Value of products.
$5,868,864
Coke (bushels),
741,022
Gas sold (cubic feet).
4,678,442,791
Cost yalue, .
$44,876
Selling value, . . . .
$5,866301
OU (gallons), .
17,148,844
Average value per l,000cubic
Cost yalue, .
$680,647
feet,
$1,146
Water (gallons).
86,249,966
All other products including
Cost value, .
$16,894
coke, tar, etc., .
$881,108
Cost of fuel for boilers and re-
Beceipts from rents and sales
torts,
$82,684
of appliances, .
$181,465
Cost of mill supplies.
$7,416
Cost of all other materials in-
Total horse power.
4,217
cluding purification sup-
y
Steam engines, . . . .
150
plies,
$87,944
Horsepower, . . . .
4,212
Freight,
$41,230
Electric motors,.
1
Miscellaneous expenses, .
$1,147,205
Horsepower, . . . .
S
Eent of works, . . . .
$40
In the following table is given, in as far as possible, a com-
parison between the years 1895 and 1900 for the manufacture
of malt, distilled, and fermented liquors. In the United States
Bulletin the value of product is given as $12,132,394; this
we have increased by the, addition of $1,224,602, the internal
revenue tax on 1,360,669 gallons of distilled liquors, which
was omitted by the Census Oflice, but which should be added in
order to secure the actual selling value of the liquor distilled.
Liquors : Mall, Distilled^ and Fermented.
Classificatiok.
ifiTsa
1900
Number of establishments.
Private Arms, .
Corporations, .
Amount of capital invested,!
Land,
Buildings, ....
210
64
184
28
♦26
81
$11,866,868
$18,724,197
$1,577,U4
$2,148,976
$4,616,499
$6,862,828
\ See pages 132 and 133, ante.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
* Includes 8 industrial combinations.
164 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Liquors : Malt, Distilled, and Fermented — Concluded.
CLASSmOATIOX.
IMS
1»0«
Amoant of capital Inyested— Con.
Machinery, tools, etc., .
Cash and sundries
Value of stock and materials used, .
Value of goods made and work done.
Ale, lager, beer, and porter, .
Rum,
Other goods made, ....
Persons employed :
Average number, ....
Smallest number, ....
Greatest number, ....
Total wages paid during the year, .
Number of salaried persons, .
Total amount paid in salaries, .
Machinery :
Steam engines,
Horsepower, ....
Water wheels, .....
Horsepower, ....
Electric motors, ....
Horsepower, ....
$8,276,224
$4,501,947
$1,897,021
$5,720,451
$5,192,492
$8,157,255
$18,786,265
$18,866,996
$8,661,524
$11,175,068
$2,245,927
$2,071,777
$2,878,804
$110,151
2,184
1,685
1,884
1,581
2,546
1,807
$1,887,466
$1,866,082
275
840
$658,678
$660,206
164
158
4,744%
6,967
27
1
850%
25
17
15
Ul%
150
Included in the returns for 1895 were a number of estab-
lishments manufacturing cider and engaged in bottling which
are not included in the returns for 1900.* Their omission ac-
counts for the apparent loss in the number of establishments
as well as for the loss shown in the number of water wheels.
The following table presents th^ data for establishments
manufacturing malt liquors in 1900 :
Malt Liqtwrs.
Classification.
1000
CLASsnriOATioir.
1000
Nimiber of establishments.
Private Arms, ....
Corporations, . . . .
Amount of capital invested.
Land,
Buildings,
Machinery, tools, etc,.
Cash and sundries, .
40
10
30
$18,136,623
$2,074,101
$6,226,373
$4,421,247
$5,414,902
Value of stock and materials
used,
Malt (bushels), . . . .
Cost value
Com, partly manufactured
(pounds)
Cost value, . . . .
Hops (pounds), ....
Cost value, . . . .
$2,848,050
2,299,215
$1,895,624
14,888,968
$165,114
2,457,654
$867,019
* Value of bottling done in 1900, $4,384,037.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
Malt Liquors — Concluded.
165
CLABBOlCAnOV.
Yalae of stock and material b
used— Con.
All other materiale, .
Fnel,
Mill BnppIieB,
Freight, ....
Value of goods made and work
done, ....
Ale, beer, and porter,
All other prodacts, .
Barrels of 31 gallons each of ale,
beer, and porter made,
Miscellaneous expenses, .
Rent,
Taxes (not internal revenue)
Interest, insurance, etc., .
Contract work, .
Kumber of salaried persons,
Officers of corporations, .
Superintendents, clerks, etc.,
Males, ....
Females, ....
1«0«
$690,732
$220,071
$22,128
$82,367
$11,265,618
$11,176,068
$80,646
1,731,608
$4,731,640
$324
$116,876
$4,614,343
$998
322
45
277
271
6
CLASiOnOATIOM.
Total salaries paid.
Officers of corporations, .
Superintendents, clerks, etc..
Males, ....
Females, ....
Persons employed :
Average number,
Males,
Females, .
Smallest number.
Greatest number.
Total wages paid, .
Males, .
Females,
Machinery :
Steam engines, .
' Horse power, .
Electric motors, .
Horse power, .
$193,597
$446,428
$442,866
$8,072
1,661
1,641
10
1,644
1,767
$1,840,412
$1,386,427
$3,966
162
6,719
16
160
The next table relates to the manufacture of distilled liquors,
and in order to conform to the practice of this Department, the
tax of 90 cents per gallon is added to the value of spirits pro-
duced in order to obtain the actual selling value of the goods
made.
^stilled Liquors.
Classification.
1»«0
Classification.
1»«0
Number of establishments.
8
Value of stock and materials
Private firms, ....
7
used — Con.
Corporations
1
Barley (bushels),
150
Amount of capital invested.
$653,874
Cost value, . . . .
Fruits (cost value), .
$82
$264
T^nd,
Buildings,
Machinery, tools, etc..
Cash and sundries, .
$72,576
$120,000
$78,500
$282,799
Molasses (gallons), .
Cost value, . . . ,
All other materials, .
Fuel
1,843,866
$235,493
$87,693
$15,436
Value of stock and materials
used,
$808,414
Mill supplies, . . • .
Freight,
f522
$17,986
Com (bushels), ....
800
Value of goods made and work
Cost value, . . . .
$400
done,
$2,081,697
Rye (bushels)
900
Brandy (gallons).
276
Cost value, . . . .
$540
Selling value, ....
$796
Digitized by VjOOQIC
166 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Distilled Liquors — Condaded.
1»«0
GLASBiriOATIOir.
1»«0
Value of goods made and work
Number of salaried persons-Con.
done— Con.
Total salaries paid— Con.
GinCgaUons)
6,187
Females
1
Selling Talue» .
♦7,424
Salaries
♦600
Bum (gaUons), ....
1,864,206
Selling Yalue
♦2,071,777
Persons employed:
All other products, .
♦1,700
Average number (males).
29
Smallest number.
32
Miscellaneous expenses, .
♦441,281
Greatest number.
86
Bent
♦3,000
Taxes (not internal revenue),
♦6,068
Total wages paid,
♦21,920
Interest, insurance, etc., .
♦432,178
Machinery :
Number of salaried persons.
18
Steam engines, . . . .
6
Total salaries paid, .
♦21,180
Horsepower
240
Mal^s,
17
Water wheels, . . . .
1
Salaries
♦20,680
Horsepower, . . . .
26
Below are given the data for the manufacture of wine for
1900.
Vinous Liquors,
Classxtioation.
Number of establishments, .
Amount of capital invested,
Land, ....
Buildings,
Machinery, tools, etc., .
Cash and sundries.
Value of stock and materials used,
Grapes (pounds), . . . .
Cost value,
All other materials,
Fuel,
Mill supplies,
Freight,
1900
6
♦33,700
♦2,300
♦6,460
♦2,200
♦22,760
♦5,791
110,200
$1,671
♦4,000
♦100
♦2
♦18
Classivication.
Value of goods made and work
done
Still wines (gallons), .
Selling value, .
All other products.
Miscellaneous expenses,
Bent,
Taxes (not internal revenue).
Interest, insurance, etc., .
Average number of persons em.
ployed (males),
Total wages paid, .
Number of steam engines,
Horsepower,
♦19,685
12,686
♦18,100
♦1,686
♦1,589
♦190
♦184 ^
♦1,215
5
♦2,700
1
8
From Census Bulletin No. 175 are taken the statistics for
eight establishments engaged in the manufacture of leather
gloves and mittens for 1900.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.]
COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
167
Oloves and Mittens {Leather),
CLASSiriOATlOir.
CLAMmOAVIOM.
Number of establlshmeiito,
Priyate flmu,
CorporationB,
Amount of capital Inyested,
Land, ....
Buildings,
Machinery, tools, etc., .
Cash and sundries.
Value of stock and materials used,
Deerskins (dozen),
Cost value, .
Mochas (dozen), .
Cost value, .
Roans (dozen).
Cost value, , «
Kid— imported (dozen).
Cost value, .
Kid — domestic (dozen) ,
Cost value, . . •
All other materials,
ruel, . . .
Power and heat, .
Mill supplies.
Freight, .
Value of goods made and work
done,
Men's lined gloves and mittens
(doz. pairs), . .
Selling value, . . . .
Unlined (doz. pairs), .
Selling value
$109,160
$1,000
$6,000
$10,616
$02,686
$128,186
266
$4,000
6,846
$68,000
8,664
$15,260
860
$10,606
660
$6,000
$17,776
$400
$966
$110
$1,060
$286,210
2,622
$18,403
8,470
$60,075
Value of goods made and work
done— Con.
Women's unlined gloves and
mittens (doz. pairs), .
Selling value, . . . .
Miscellaneous exi>enses.
Rent
Taxes
Sundries
Contract work
Number of superintendents,
clerks, etc, . . . .
Total salaries, . . . .
Males,
Salaries, . . . . .
Females, . . . . .
Salaries, . . . . .
Persons employed:
Average number, .
Smallest number, .
Greatest number, .
Total wages paid, .
Males (16 years and over).
Wages,
Females (16 years and over).
Wages,
Children (under 16 years).
Wages,
Number of steam engines,
Horse power.
28,681
$208,782
$6,968
$3,680
$476
$1,772
$1,000
7
$3,960
4
$2,760
8
$1,200
194
147
229
$86,410
61
$42,913
127
$41,697
6
$900
1
50
In 1895, the manufacture of bicycles and tricycles was in-
cluded under the head of carriages and wagons. The value
of bicycles and parts manufactured in that year was reported
as $4,314,896 and the value of bicycle repairing as $162,008,
a total of $4,476,904 as against the value reported in 1900 of
$2,715,310.*
Bicycles and Tricycles.
CLASSmOATIOK.
1900
Classzficatxon.
1900
Number of establishments.
Private firms
Corporations, ....
26
13
12
Amount of capital invested,
Land,
Buildings,
$2,646,498
$61,61*
$444,868
* Value of repairing done in 1900, $1,232,614.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
168 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Bicycles and Tricycles — Concluded.
CLASSmOATIOir.
1»«0
Classifxoation.
1900
Amount of capital inveBted-Con.
Miscellaneous expenses— Con.
Machinery, tools, etc., .
$908,861
Interest, insurance, etc., .
$96,559
$1,241,660
Contract work, . . . .
$50
Valne of stock and materials
Number of salaried persons.
139
tifled
$1,307,900
Total salaries paid,
$117,242
Materials purchased partly
Officers of corporations, .
9
manufactured.
$1,180,814
Salaries
$23,400
Fuel, . . .
$26,662
Superintendents, clerks, etc., .
180
Power and heat.
$6,801
Salaries
$93,842
MUl supplies, .
$11,828
Males
102
All other materials.
$96,228
Salaries, ....
$81,947
Freight, . .
$29,087
Females
28
Salaries, ....
$11,896
Value of goods made and work
done,
$2,716,810
Persons employed:
Chain bicycles, .
50,708
Average number.
1,581
Selling value, .
$1,622,607
Smallest number.
936
Chainless bicycles.
2,841
Greatest number,
2,407
Selling value, .
$206,006
Tandems, .
839
Total wages paid, ,
$815,028
Selling value, .
$53,247
Males,
1,543
Motor bicycles, .
27
Wages,
$798,504
Selling value, .
$10,700
Females,
38
Tricycles, .
1
Wages
$16,524
Selling value, .
$724
Automobiles, .
3
Machinery :
Selling value, .
$4,143
Steam engines, . . . .
12
All other products.
$917,983
Horse power, ....
983
Water wheels, . . . .
4
Miscellaneous expenses.
$125,076
Horsepower, . . . .
285
Bent, ....
$11,156
Electric motors, ....
7
Taxes, ....
$17,311
Horsepower, . . . .
109
In 1895, there were 10 establishments returned under the
industry classification of Flax, Hemp, and Jute Goods. These
establishments returned the amount of capital devoted to pro-
duction as $2,446,246, the cost value of stock and materials
used, $2,028,837, and the value of goods produced as $3,053,-
777. There were 2,184 persons of both sexes employed to
whom $662,947 in wages was paid. The information given
below is taken from Census Bulletin No. 168 and covers the
returns for this industry for the year ending June 30, 1900.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
FUtx, Hemp, and Jute Goods.
169
CLAJUmOATlOV.
Number of establishmente,
Amount of capital invested,
Land,
Buildings, ....
Machinery, tools, etc.,
Cash and sundries, .
Value of stock and materials
used,
Principal materials, .
Fuel, ....
Rent of power and heat,
Mill supplies.
All other materials, .
Freight,
Value of goods made and work
done.
Miscellaneous expenses.
Bent of works, .
Taxes (except internal
enue), .
Sundries,' .
Contract work, .
$10,228,490
$491,974
$1,296,786
$1,889,725
$6,696,006
$7,539,433
$6,782,696
$106,986
$4,966
$278,951
$343,642
$22,193
$11,388,933
$601,542
' $7,170
$85,334
$506,884
$2,154
CLAUmOATIOM.
Number of salaried persons,
Officers of corporations, .
Superintendents, clerks, etc..
Males,
Females, .
Total salaries paid,
Officers of corporations.
Superintendents, clerks.
Males,
Females, .
etc..
Wage earners:
Greatest number.
Smallest number.
Average number of wage earn
ers, ....
Males (16 years and over).
Females (16 years and over).
Children (under 16 years).
Total wages paid, .
Males (16 years and over).
Females (16 years and over).
Children (under 16 years).
1900
186
26
111
95
16
$203,943
$92,741
$111,202
$102,630
$8,572
6,196
4,076
4,698
2,649
1,770
274
$1,662,862
$1,020,066
$490,991
$61,786
From the Bulletin relating to silk manufacture we reproduce
the figures for the following tables, the first including com-
parisons for 1895 and 1900 :
Silk and Silk Goods,
Classification.
189S
1900
Number of establishments.
Private firms, .
Corporations, .
Amount of capital invested,'*
Land,
Buildings, ....
Machinery, tools, etc., .
Cash and sundries, .
Value of stock and materials used, .
Value of miscellaneous expenses, .
Value of goods made and work done,
17
20
11
9
6
U
$2,230,867
$6,649,758
$140,462
$216,341
$643,716
$756,464
$546,607
$707,346
$999,672
$3,969,618
$2,676,769
$8,823,963
-
$382,746
$4,041,899
$6,957,532
* See pages 132 and 133, ante.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
170 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Silk and Silk Goods — Concluded.
CLAMinOATION.
189S
1»«0
Pereons employed:
Average number, .
Smallest number, .
Greatest number, .
Total wages paid during the year,
Number of salaried persons, .
Total amount paid in salaries,
Machinery,
Steam engines
Horsepower,
Water wheels, ....
Horsepower,
Electric motors,
Horsepower,
2,427
8,118
2,128
2,963
2,606
3,466
12,786
$1,110,824
20S
166
39,886
$227,276
19
24
1,467
2,206
28
28
1,480
2,039
4
6
180
206
J-
Of the 20 establishments in existence in 1900, the oldest
was established in Northampton in 1832 for the manufacture
of sewing silk, the latest was established in 1890 and is located
at Sandwich, manufacturing silk and mohair braid.
Other information contained in the Bulletin is given in the fol-
lowing table :
Silk and Silk Goods,
Classifioatiok.
Number of salaried persons.
Officers of corporations, .
Sui>erintendents, clerks, etc..
Males
Females
Total salaries paid.
Officers of corporations, .
Superintendents, clerks, etc..
Males, ....
Females, ....
Average number of wage earn.
era, ....
Males (16 years and over).
Females (16 years and over).
Children (under 16 years).
Total wages paid, .
Males (16 years and over),
Females (16 years and over).
Children (under 16 years).
1»«0
166
20
136
116
21
$227,276
$61,860
$176,426
$166,772
$8,664
3,110
1,102
1,887
171
$1,U0,824
$606,282
$662,989
$41,063
Classifxcatiok.
Broad silk weavers.
Males, .
Females,
Ribbon weavers, .
Females,
Other weavers.
Males, .
Females,
Children, .
Spinners, etc..
Males, .
Females,
Children, .
Value of stock and materials
used, .
Baw silk (pounds).
Cost value.
Spun silk (pounds),
Cost value.
1»«0
609
301
206
40
40
62
10
34
8
1,793
449
1,186
168
$8,823,968
720,486
$2,896,646
40,186
$96,683
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
Silk and Silk Goods — C!ontanaed.
171
CLASBinOATION.
1»«0
CLAtsmcATioir.
1»«0
Value of stock and materials
Value of goods made and work
used — Con.
done— Con.
Artiflcial sUk (pounds), .
170
Broad goods: Piece dyed silk
Cost value, . . . .
$420
— mixed (yards).
20,884
Waste silk (pounds),
418,355
Selling value
$12,484
Costyalue, . . . .
$177,480
Ribbons, . .
$92,000
Cotton 7am (pounds), .
480,220
Embroideries, .
$38,683
Cost value, . . . .
$144,520
Fringes and gimps.
$28,087
Mercerized cotton yam
Braids and bindings.
$888,839
(pounds), . . . .
4,708
Tailors* trimmings.
$8,124
Cost value, . . . .
$8,788
Ladies* trimmings.
$68,386
Wool yam (pounds).
96,867
Cloak trimmings,
$889
Cost value, . . . .
$69,660
Military trimmings.
$220
Mohair yam (pounds), .
17,405
Other trimmings.
$6,000
Cost value
$27,882
Other products, .
$21,053
Other yam (pounds),
1,971
Tram thrown under contract
Cost value
$12,991
(pounds), ....
8,000
Organzineand tram (pounds).
17,681
Received for contract work, .
$9,278
Cost value, . . . .
Fringe and floss (pounds).
Cost value, . . . .
Fuel,
$81,010
675
$8,287
$35,205
Machinery.
Number of spindles, .
Organzine first time over,
107,312
20,088
Kent of power and heat, .
$3,467
$78,435
$179,347
$11,448
$882,745
$18,887.
$29,583
$179,806
$160,019
Organzine second time over, .
Tram, ......
9,632
1,686
467
11,040
1,910
3,524
86,782
22,288
1,017
451
Mill supplies, . . . .
All other materials, .
Freight
Miscellaneous expenses, .
Bent of works, ....
Taxes (except internal rev-
enue),
Sundry expenses, .
Contract work, . . . .
Cleaning or polishing,
Doubling, .....
Quilling.
Reeling,
Spinning and twisting, .
Winding
Number of power looms, .
Plain 86 inches or over reed
space,
Value of goods made and work
Plain under 36 inches reed
done,
$5,967,582
space,
422
Organzineand tram (pounds).
1,865
GJerman ribbon, .
144
Selling value, . . . .
$7,765
Number of hand looms.
28
Spun silk (pounds), .
104,000
Plain under 36 inches reed
Selling value, ....
$270,400
space,
28
269,241
Knitting or crochet machines, .
17
Selling value
$1,418,004
Swiss ribbed machines.
14
Sewing, embroidery, and wash
Beamers,
6 .
silk (pounds),
170,423
Braiders,
2,876
Selling value, . . . .
$1,246,445
Chenille,
4
Fringe and floss silk (pounds) ,
20,964
Embroidery,
20
Selling value, . . . .
$147,773
Hand stitched, . . . .
6
Broad goods: Plain and fancy
Gimp mills,
4
all Bilk (yards), . . .
666,153
Sewing machines.
9
Selling value, ....
$766,054
Slide cord machines, .
81
Broad goods : Plain and fancy
Spooling tables, . . . .
106
silk mixed (yards), .
2,020,101
Twist machines, . . . .
5
Selling value, ....
$1,487,799
Warping machines,
97
Digitized by VjOOQIC
172 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Silk and Silk Ooods. — Concluded.
CULBSmCATIOK.
1900
CLASSiriOATIpK.
looo
Machinery — Con.
Hand warpers, . . . .
Other hand machines, .
Skein dyeing:
Silk, colors (pounds), .
Black (pounds), .
6
83
268,700
850,088
Skein dyeing — Con.
Spun, colors (pounds),
Black (pounds).
Cotton, colors (pounds), .
Black (pounds), .
Wool, colors (pounds),
Black (pounds),
71,151
22,496
122,109
224,642
45,658
50,949
In 1895, the value of buttons made was included under the
industry classification of Buttons and Dress Trimmings, the
goods made amounting to $750,506. In the table which fol-
lows, we have reproduced from the Census Bulletin No. 172 the
facts relating to the manufacture of buttons in Massachusetts :
Buttons,
Classification.
Classifioatiok.
Number of establishments,
Amount of capital Invested,
Land, ....
Buildings, ...
Machinery, tools, etc., .
Cash and sundries.
Value of stock and materials used.
Principal materials,
Fuel, ....
Bent of power and heat.
Mill supplies,
All other materials, .
Freight, ....
Value of goods made and work
done.
Buttons, .
Cloth, .
Composition,
Horn, .
Pearl (fresh-water).
Pearl (ocean), .
Vegetable ivory.
All other kinds, .
All other products, .
Gross of buttons made,
Cloth, .
Composition, .
13
$626,439
$33,800
$105,300
$122,669
$364,670
$237,835
$193,278
$7,180
$1,539
$4,705
$27,403
$3,730
$681,081
$674,665
$231,662
$14,610
$64,469
$31,400
$7,000
$292,280
$33,334
$6,426
2,127,345
534,810
324,401
Gross of buttons made — Con,
Horn,
Pearl (fresh-water).
Pearl (ocean).
Vegetable ivory, .
All other kinds, .
Miscellaneous expenses.
Rent of works.
Taxes (except internal revenue)
Interest, insurance, etc.,
Contract work.
Number of salaried persons, .
Officers of corporations,
Superintendents, clerks, etc.,
Males, . . .
Females,
Total salaries paid, .
Officers of corporations.
Superintendents, clerks, etc.,
Males
Females,
Wage earners :
Greatest number, .
Smallest number, .
Average number of wage earners.
Males (16 years and over), .
410,180
110,000
10,000
622,000
115,954
$27,605
$4,176
$5,392
$17,777
$160
19
4
15
9
6
$31,164
$13,900
$17,264
$15,200
$2,064
871
679
772
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
Buttons — Concluded.
173
Classification.
1900
Classwioatiox.
1900
Average number of wage earners
— Con.
Females (16 years and over), .
Children (under 16 years), .
Total wages paid, ....
Males (16 years and over), .
Females (16 years and over), .
Children (under 16 years), .
443
27
$276,202
$141,049
$131,929
$3,224
Machinery :
Steam engines, . . . .
Horse power, ....
Water wheels, ....
Horsepower, . . . .
Electric motors, ....
Horse power, ....
8
433
1
16
2
10
Bulletin No. 166 presents data for the shipbuilding industry of
the country, and from it we extract the figures for Massachusetts.
The first table relates to the building and repairing of iron and
steel vessels.
Shipbuilding {Iron and Steel),
Classification.
1000
Classification.
1900
Number of establishments.
3
Value of stock and materials
Private firms, . . . .
1
used— Con.
Corporations, . . . .
2
Fittings and furniture pur-
Amount of capital invested.
$1,010,461
chased, ....
$7,6^
Land,
$122,500
Fuel,
$11,700
Buildings,
$167,388
Mill supplies
$8,865
Machinery, tools, etc., .
$445,898
All other materials, .
$33,761
Cash and sundries, .
$274,675
Freight,
Value of goods made and work
$2,586
Value of stock and materials
done,
$1,296,880
used,
$652,966
steam vessels
3
Lumber— all kinds (1,000 ft.
Gross tonnage.
1,600
B.M.), . . . .
564
Net tonnage, . . . .
960
Cost value
$14,884
Selling value, ....
$408,000
Iron and steel plates, beams,
All other products, .
$96,000
angles, forgings, bolts.
Repairing work done.
$793,880
spikes, rivets, castings.
etc. (pounds), ...
13,800,900
Miscellaneous expenses, .
$97,982
Cost value, . . . .
$482,866
Taxes (not internal revenue).
$7,904
Cordage— wire (feet), .
2,700
Insurance, interest, etc., .
$82,328
Cost value, . . . .
$400
Contract work, . . .
$7,760
Cordage— Manila, etc.
Number of salaried persons.
29
(pounds), . . . .
1,800
Total salaries, .
$40,944
Cost value, . . . .
$300
Officers of corporations, .
4
Duck,
$216
Salaries
$12,700
Paints, oils, etc
$1,666
Superintendents, clerks, etc., .
26
Oakum and pitch.
$160
Salaries, . . . .
$28,244
Masts and spars purchased, .
$60
Males,
21
Blocks purchased, .
$30
Salaries
$26,694
Machinery and boilers pur-
Females,
4
chased, . . . .
$93,666
Salaries
$1,660
Digitized by VjOOQIC
174 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Shipbuilding {Iron and Steel) — Concluded.
CXJLSBinCATIOH.
1900
CLASSIFIOAnOir.
1900
Persons employed:
Average number.
Males
Smallest number,
Greatest number,
663
663
361
888
Total wages paid.
Steam engines
Horsepower, . . . .
Electric motors
Horsepower
$399,307
8
375
10
130
The next table covers the returns for wooden ship and boat
building.
Ship and Boat Building (Wooden).
CLASSmCATION.
1900
CLASSmCATIOH.
1900
Number of establisbments.
122
Value of goods made and work
Priyate firms, . . . .
113
done,
$1,760,574
Corporations, . . . .
9
Steam vessels, .
.
16
Amount of capital invested.
$1,138,830
Gross tonnage.
. •
1,474
Land
1^221,639
Net tonnage, .
864
Buildings
$129,878
Selling value, .
•
$158,275
Machinery, tools, etc., .
$201,104
Sailing vessels, .
•
128
Cash and sundries, .
$686,309
Gross tonnage.
Net tonnage, .
•
3,889
2,910
Value of stock and materials
Selling value, .
, ,
$384,000
used,
$704,439
Barges,
.
9
Lumber, logs, timber, etc.
Gross tonnage.
, ,
2,030
(1,000 ft. B.M.), . .
11,834
Net tonnage, .
798
Cost value, . . . .
$334,314
Selling value, .
$36,800
Iron and steel plates, beams.
Small boats, row
boats.
angles, spikes, rivets.
launches, etc..
3,801
castings, etc. (pounds), .
3,811,803
Selling value, .
$208,964
Cost value, . . . .
$122,710
All other products, .
$162,699
Anchorsandcbains purchased.
$7,289
Repairing work done.
$809,836
Cordage— wire (feet), .
81.150
Cost value, . . . .
$7,226
Miscellaneous expenses, .
$133,787
Cordage — Manila, etc.
Rent of works
$21,453
(pounds), ....
153,376
Taxes (not internal revenue).
$6,772
Cost value, . . . .
$24,131
Interest, insurance, etc..
$40,861
Duck,
$9,247
Contract work
$64,701
Paints, oils, etc.,
$23,231
Oakum and pitch.
$12,022
Number of salaried persons.
51
Masts and spars purchased, .
$11,468
Total salaries, .
$38,102
Blocks purchased, .
$6,709
Officers of corporations, .
12
Machinery and boilers pur-
Salaries, . . . .
$11,562
chased, ....
$41,327
Superintendents, clerks, etc., .
39
Fittings and furniture pur.
Salaries
$26,540
chased, ....
$16,338
Males,
32
Fuel,
$10,252
Salaries, ....
$2^,750
Rent of power and heat, .
$3,262
Females,
7
Mill supplies
$2,635
Salaries, ....
$2,790
All other materials, .
$65,407
Freight
$7,881
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
Ship and Boat Building ( Wooden) — Concluded.
175
Classification.
1900
Classificatioh.
1900
Persons employed :
Steam engines, ....
34
Average number,
1,048
Horsepower, . . . .
619
Males
1,043
Gas or gasoline engines.
2
Smallest number,
637
Horsepower, . . . .
36
Greatest number, .
1,821
Electric motors, . . . .
2
Total wages paid, .
$636,686
Horsepower, . . . .
6
The United States Government controlled one establishment
in Massachusetts engaged in building small boats and repairing,
for which the following are leading points :
Qovemmental Shipbuilding.
CLASSmCATIOH.
1900
CLASSinCATIOK.
1900
Number of establishments,
Amount of capital.
Land,
Buildings
Machinery, tools, etc..
Cash and sundries, . . .
Value of stock and materials
used,
1
$13,273,708
$8,143,882
$3,120,390
$1,636,619
$372,917
$843,796
Value of goods made and work
done, . . . .
Average number of males em-
ployed
Total wages paid, ....
steam engines, • . .
Horsepower
Electric motors, . . . .
Horsepower
$1,361,816
1,298
$902,679
21
1,582
15
446
The next table presents statistics for wooden ship and boat
building and repairing in certain specified cities of the State.
Ship and Boat Building (Wooden), For Cities,
CLASSIFICATION. ^
Boston
Gloucester
New
Bedford
Quhicy
Salem
Waltham
Establishments,
Capital
Stock and materials used.
Goods made and work done, .
Miscellaneous expenses, .
Salaried persons.
Salaries paid, ....
Average persons employed, .
Wages paid, . . . .
30
$643,760
$451,779
$1,120,763
$102,144
26
$20,510
653
$415,417
24
$146,172
$74,531
$201,448
$12,160
6
$5,860
102
$62,800
11
$13,650
$6,073
$27,925
$1,699
22
$12,760
3
$38,806
$10,925
$16,160
$806
2
$2,500
18
$10,360
3
$6,460
$3,216
$13,200
$398
8
$6,260
3
$21,655
$4,003
$18,900
$2,494
1
$260
9
$5,500
Digitized by VjOOQIC
176 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
In 1900, there were 45 establishments which were engaged
exclusively in the manufacture and repair of small boats, in-
cluding power launches, ships' boats, lifeboats and life rafts,
rowboats, and sailboats under 5 tons measurement. They had
$208,559 of capital, and the value of the output was $271,114.
There were 16 establishments engaged exclusively in repair-
ing with a capital of $920,707, and they received $1,042,690
for work done. This does not include the plants maintained
by transportation companies for the repair of their own vessels.
Of the latter, there were two, with a capital of $80,500. The
value of the work done by them amounted to $120,200.
Of the small boats built, Massachusetts produced the fol-
lowing : Steam launches, 7 ; value, $23,850 ; power launches
(other than steam), 41; value, $49,383; sailboats under 5
tons, 2,099; value, $98,242; rowboats, canoes, etc., 1,661;
value, $61,339.
In Bulletin No. 189, devoted to the manufacture of cheese,
butter, and condensed milk, we find the following figures. for
Massachusetts ;
Cheese^ Butter^ and Condensed Milk {Factory Product),
CLASSmCATIOK.
1900
Classificatiok.
1900
1
Number of establishments,
60
Value of stock and materials
Private Arms
15
used— Con.
Corporations, . . . .
4
For condensed milk-
Associations, etc., .
31
Milk (pounds).
324,000
Amount of capital invested.
Land,
$324,382
$19,945
$85,483
$76,854
$142,100
Cost value, .
Cans, labels, etc..
Fuel, .
$4,320
$500
$9,051
Buildings,
Machinery, tools, etc..
Cash and sundries, .
Value of stock and materials
Power and heat.
Mill suppUes, .
Freight,
$48
$1,777
$3,787
used,
$1,024,575
Value of goods made and work
For butter—
done,
$1,198,159
Milk bought or received from
Butter—
patrons (pounds), .
24,096,955
Packed solid (pounds).
1,888,570
Cost value, ....
$218,027
Selling value,
$448,304
Gathered cream (pounds), .
15,709,294
Prints or rolls (pounds).
2,703,349
Cost value, . . . .
$746,985
Selling value.
$637,199
Tubs, boxes, color, salt, etc.,
$20,017
Cream sold (gallons).
86,849
For cheese —
Selling value.
$58,461
Milk bought or received from
Skimmed milk sold, fed, or
patrons (pounds), .
2,761,420
returned to patrons
Cost value, . . . .
$19,433
(pounds), ....
3,221,968
Boxes, salt, etc., .
$630
Selling value.
$8,690
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900. 177
Cheese, Butter, and Condensed Milk {Factory Product) — Concladed.
Classification.
1900
Classification.
1900
Value of goods made and work
done— Con.
— Con.
Casein dried— from skimmed
Officers of corporations, .
4
milk (pounds),
162,267
Salaries
$1,925
Selling value,
$7,613
Superintendents, clerks, etc., .
20
All other creamery products, .
$6,673
Salaries, ....
$10,588
Standard factory cheese —
Males,
19
Cheddar (pounds), .
238,542
Salaries
$10,438
Selling value.
$23,539
Females,
1
Other Cheese (pounds), .
12,000
Salaries, ....
$150
Selling value,
$1,200
Persons employed :
Condensed milk (pounds),
108,000
Average number,
99
Selling value,
$6,480
Males
99
Miscellaneous expenses, .
$15,240
SmaUest number.
100*
Rent of works, . . . .
$3,974
Greatest number,
112
Taxes (not internal revenue).
$1,916
Total wages paid,
$61,636
Interest, insurance, etc., .
$8,520
Contract work, . . . .
$830
Steam engines, ....
45
Horsepower, . . . .
435
Number of salaried persons, .
24
•Water wheels, . . . .
1
Total salaries, .
$12,513
Horsepower, . . . .
10
* As printed in Bulletin; evidently an error.
From Bulletin No. 191 we collate the data for the manu-
facture of needles in the following table :
Needles,
Classification.
1900
Classification.
1900
Number of establishments,
Private firms, . . . .
Corporations
Amount of capital invested.
Land,
Buildings,
Machinery, tools, etc., .
Cash and sundries, .
Value of stock and materials
used,
Partly manufactured,
Fuel,
Power and heat,
Mill supplies
All other materials, .
Freight,
Value of goods made and work
done,
Needles, all kinds (gross).
Total selling value.
6.
5
1
$245,168
$5,000
$25,000
$47,599
$167,569
$26,565
$16,745
$2,660
$350
$4,747
$1,744
$319
$223,851
180,113
$222,141
Value of goods made and work
done— Con.
Knitting-machine latch
(gross), . . . .
Selling value, . . . .
Common household dry-tliread
sewing macliine (gross),
Selling value, ....
Wax-sewing machine (gross).
Selling valu^ ....
All other products, .
Miscellaneous expenses, .
Rent of works
Taxes (not internal revenue).
Interest, insurance, etc., .
Number of salaried persons,
Total salaries, ...
Officers of corporations, .
Salaries, . . . .
13,888
$16,000
162,052
$186,744
4,173
$19,397
$1,710
$9,394
$1,025
$1,679
$6,690
8
$8,300
1
$1,400
Digitized by VjOOQIC
178 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Needles — Concluded.
Classification.
1909
Classification.
1900
Number of salaried persons
Persons employed— Con.-
— Con.
Smallest number.
255
Superintendents, clerks, etc., .
' 7
Greatest number.
270
Salaries, ....
$6,900
Total wages paid,
$102,757
Males
Salaries, ....
Females,
Salaries, ....
6
$6,400
1
$500
Males,
Females,
Children,
Number of steam engines, .
$71,169
$26,205
$5,383
2
Persons employed:
Horse power, . . . .
89
Average number,
262
Gas or gasoline engines, .
1
Males (16 years and over), .
132
Horsepower, . . . .
15
Females (16 years and over) ,
99
Electric motors, . . . .
1
Children (under 16 years), .
31
Horsepower
30
Bulletin No. 194 is devoted to the manufacture of clay
products, and from it we select the statistics relating to
establishments manufacturing' brick and tile exclusively, and
present them in the next table. The figures, while credited
to the year ending June 30, 1900, are for the calendar year
ending December 31, 1899.
Brick and Tile.
Classification.
1900*
Classification.
1900*
Number of establishments.
81
Value of stock and materials
Private firms, . . . .
72
used — Con.
Corporations, ....
9
Fuel, . ...
$302,294
Amount of capital invested,
Land
Buildings,
$2,318,664
$669,263
$381,134
Mill supplies, . . . .
All other materials, .
Freight,
$4,885
$29,289
$14,603
Machinery, tools, etc.,
Cash and sundries, .
$431,218
$837,049
Value of goods made and work
done,
$1,468,264
Value of stock and materials
Common brick (1,000), .
230,207
used,
$400,365
Selling value, . . . .
$1,255,434
Clay purchased (tons), .*
44,905
Red-front brick — both pressed
Cost value, ....
$34,905
and wire cut (1,000),
2,250
Coal, used as an ingredient
Selling value, ....
$31,200
(tons), . . . .
2,668
Fancy colored front brick —
Cost value, . . . .
$4,980
not red (1,000), .
10,000
Sand (tons)
15,644
Selling value, ....
$80
Cost value, . .
$8,819
Ornamental-shaped brick
Iron (pounds), ....
200,000
(1.000)
2.710
Cost value, . . . .
$300
Selling value, ....
$131,550
Coloring matter,
$290
All other products, .
$50,000
* The report for the Twelfth Census is for the year ending December 81, 1899.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
Brick and Tile — Concluded.
179
Classification.
Miscellaneous expenses, .
Rent of works, .
Taxes (not internal revenue)
Interest, insurance, etc., .
Contract work, .
Number of salaried persons,
Total salaries, . .
Officers of corporations.
Salaries,
Superintendents, clerks, etc.
Salaries,
Males,
Salaries,
Females, .
Salaries,
Persons employed ;
Average number.
Males (16 years and over).
Children (under 16 years),
Smallest number.
Greatest number,
1900
$90,672
$16,532
$18,564
$52,826
$2,760
54
$44,205
6
$8,450
48
$35,755
47
$35,580
1
$175
1,429
1,426
3
1,049
2,800
Classification.
Total wages paid, .
Males,
Children
Steam engines.
Horsepower,
Water wheels.
Horsepower, .
Clay-grinding machines :
Disintegrators, .
Dry pans, ....
All other
Clay-tempering machines :
Ring pits, ....
Pug mills, ....
Wet pans, ....
Another, ....
Molding machines :
Soft mud, ....
Stiflfmud, ....
Sliape-brick power presses,
Hand presses, .
Mold Sanders,
Dryers,'
1000
$622,311
$621,661
$650
73
3,833
1
25
1
38
8
58
2
9
76
10
1
26
93
130
The following table shows the facts for the 29 establish-
ments engaged principally in manufacturing pottery and terra
cotta products, but in which some brick and tile are also pro-
duced.
Pottery, Terra Cotta, and Fire Clay Products,
Classification.
1900 •
CLASSirXCATION.
1900 •
Number of establishments,
Priyate firms, ....
Corporations
Amount of capital invested.
Land, ' .
Buildings
Machinery, tools, etc., .
Cash and sundries, .
Value of stock and materials
used,
Domestic china clay (tons), .
Cost value
Domestic ball clay (tons).
Cost value
29
20
9
$1,627,575
$370,880
$522,942
$197,273
$536,480
$188,278
682
$4,479
250
$1,500
Value of stock and materials
used — Con.
Foreign ball clay (tons), .
Cost value
Stoneware clay (tons), .
Cost value, . . . .
Slip clay (tons).
Cost value, . . . .
Fireclay (tons).
Cost value, . . . .
Terra-cotta clay (tons), .
Cost value
Brick clay — purchased (tons) ,
Cost value, . . . .
All other clay (tons),
Cost value, . . . .
242
$2,546
1,516
$3,969
83
$412
11.678
$20,223
335
$825
3,347
$6,958
60
$60
* The report for the Twelfth Census is for the year ending December 31, 1899.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
180 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Pottery^ Terra CoUa^ and Fire Clay Products — Continued.
Classification.
Classification.
Value of stock and materials
used— Con.
Coal, used as an Ingredient
(tons), .
Cost value,
Sand (tons),
Cost value.
Manganese (pounds),
Cost value.
Salt (tons), .
Cost value,
Coloring matter.
Carbonate of barium,
Flint, quartz (tons),
Cost value.
Feldspar (tons).
Cost value.
Plaster (tons), .
Cost value.
Oxide of lead, zinc, and cobalt.
Crates, boxes, barrels, etc.,
Fuel,
Power and heat.
Mill supplies.
All other materials, .
Freight. ....
Value of goods made and work
done, ....
Pottery (total selling value).
Bed earthenware, .
Stoneware (capacity In
gals.).
Selling value.
Art pottery and porcelain.
All other pottery products,
Terra cotta, fire, and other
clay products (total sell
ing value) ,
Architectural terra cotta,
Fireproofing — including
terra-cotta lumber, and
hollow building tile or
blocks (tons), .
Selling value.
Firebrick, . . . .
Selling value,
Fumacelinings and settings.
Locomotive tiles and tank
blocks, . . . .
Stove linings, ....
Drain tile, . . . .
700
$1,500
1,661
$2,470
26,061
$396
20
$148
$1,026
$1,176
222
$2,207
239
$2,767
240
$2,443
$729
$14,840
$68,774
$546
$8',7U
$37,467
$17,108
$713,246
$293,833
$163,231
683,916
$36,435
$26,607
$69,660
$406,499
$62,224
11,321
$70,573
763,000
$22,792
$26,154
$20,750
$143,547
$824
Value of goods made and work
done — Con.
Terra cotta, fire, and other
clay products (total sell-
ing value) — Con.
Ornamental-shaped brick.
Selling value.
Fancy colored front brick.
Selling value.
Common brick.
Selling value.
All other terracotta, fire, and
other clay products.
All other products, .
Miscellaneous expenses.
Rent of works, .
Taxes (not internal revenue)
Interest, Insurance, etc., .
Contract work, .
Number of salaried persons.
Total salaries, .
Officers of corporations, .
Salaries, ...
Superintendents, clerks, etc..
Salaries,
Males, ....
Si^laries,
Females
Salaries, . . * .
Persons employed :
Average number.
Males (16 years and over).
Females (16 years and over)
Children (under 16 years).
Smallest number,
Greatest number.
Total wages paid.
Males, ....
Females,
Children, .
Machinery and kilns:
Steam engines, .
Horse power, .
Gas or gasoline engines.
Horse power, .
Electric motors,
Horse power, .
Disintegrators (blunger)
Slip pumps.
70,000
$3,800
1,450,000
$48,000
230,000
$1,338
$16,602
$12,914
$76,266
$2,509
$9,631
$58,860
$5,376
72
$60,360
9
$11,400
63
$48,960
57
$45,683
6
$3,277
684
526
54
4
672
758
$262,141
$246,136
$15,064
$941
29
1,196
1
13
2
20
2
4
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
Pottery, Terra Cotta, and Fire Clay Products — Concluded.
181
Classification.
Classificatiok.
Machinery and kilns — Con,
Lawns,
Clay presses —iron, .
Clay presses — wood,
Pug mills — regular,
Pug mills— sagger, .
Wad mills, .
Jiggers,
Lathes,
All other machines, .
Up-draft kilns, .
Down-draft kilns,
Clamp kilns.
Muffle kilns.
Decorating muffle kilns.
All other kilns, .
Clay-grinding machines :
Disintegrators,
Machinery and kilns — Con.
Clay-grinding machines -Con.
Dry pans.
Another,
Clay-tempering machines:
Ring pits.
Pug mills.
Wet pans,
Molding machines:
Stiff mud.
Dry presses, .
Shape-brick power presses,
Hand presses.
Sewer-pipe presses.
Tile machines.
All other,
Dryers, ....
Idle machinery, .
6.
1
a
18
4
4
43
4
Massachusetts ranks ninth in the value of clay products in
the United States, producing goods to the value of $2,181,510,
or 2.28 per cent of the total.
Aggregating the preceding tables for 1900 and combin-
ing for comparison the industries Brick, Tiles, and Sewer
Pipe and Earthen, Plaster, and Stone Ware for 1895, we
secure the following :
Total Clay Products.
Classification.
1895
1900
Number of establishments,
Amount of capital invested,*
Value of stock and materials used
Value of goods made and work done, ....
Miscellaneous expenses,
Number of salaried officials, clerks, etc.,
Total salaries paid
Average number of persons employed, ....
Total wages paid,
* See pp. 132, 133, ante.
120
$2,907,886
$627,861
$2,317,540
100
$114,114
2,047
$907,619
110
$3,946,239.
$588,64$
$2,181,6ia
$166,938
126
$104,565
2,013
$884,452
Digitized by VjOOQIC
182 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTUKES. [Pub. Doc.
In the following table is shown in detail the value of the
combined products in 1900, in some instances quantities also
being given :
Kinds of Clay Products,
Classification.
Aggregate Value,
Common brick.
Selling value, .
Pressed brick.
Selling value, .
Fancy colored brick.
Selling value.
Drain tile.
Stove linings.
Furnace fittings, .
Fire brick, .
$2,181,510
230,437,000
$1,266,767
2,250,000
$31,^J0O
1,460,000
$48,080
. $824
$143,547
$46,904
$22,792
Classification.
Aggregate Valtie — Con.
Hollow brick, flreprooflng, and
terracotta lumber, .
Architectural terra cotta, .
All other brick, tile, and terra
cotta products, .
Stoneware, ....
Art pottery and porcelain, .
Red earthenware, .
All other pottery products.
i»oo
$70,573
$52,224
$214,766
$35,435
$25,607
$163,231
From Bulletin No. 195, devoted to Leather, we secure the
following table :
Leather :
Tanned, Curried, and Finished.
Classification.
1»00
Classification.
i»oo
Number of establishments.
119
Value of stock and materials
Private firms, . . . .
98
used — Con.
Corporations, . . . .
21
Gambler (bales).
15,469
Amount of capital invested.
Land
$15,317,940
$360,099
Cost value
Hemlock bark extract (bbls.).
$106,299
3,688
Buildings, . . . . .
Machinery, tools, etc..
Cash and sundries, .
$1,339,948
$1,745,968
$11,871,925
Cost value
Oak bark extract (bbls.) ,
Cost value, . . . .
Quebracho (bbls. or bales), .
$45,683
13,467
$124,510
509
Value of stock and materials
Cost value
$7,884
used
$19,793,757
Sumac (tons), . . . .
3,613
mdes, all kinds.
1,029,535
Cost value, . . . .
$190,579
Cost value, . . . .
$4,703,949
Chemicals,
$307,045
Calf and kip skins, .
2,229,559
All other tanning materials, .
$300,328
Cost value, . . . .
$2,705,877
Bough leather (sides).
338,991
Goatskins,
9,725,120
Cost value, . . . .
$1,051,403
Cost value
$4,708,971
Rough grains (sides).
12,578
Sheepskins, . . . .
7,529,451
Cost value, . . . .
$31,704
Cost value, . . . .
$2,290,309
Rough splits (sides),
1,550,723
All other skins, .
47,946
Cost value
$1,056,670
Cost value, . . . .
• $41,963
All other rough leather (sides) ,
980,544
Hemlock bark (cords), .
61,971
Cost value, . . . .
$352,284
Cost value, . . . .
$498,184
Oil, stearin, degras, tallow.
Oak bark (cords), .
1,070
and all other materials
Cost value, . . . .
$8,817
used in currying, .
$736,785
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
Leather : Tanned, Curried, and Finished — Concluded.
183
CLASSmCATZOK.
i»oo
Classivication.
IINIO
Value of stock and materials
Value of goods made and work
used — Con.
done — Con.
Fuel
$219,397
Furniture leather (hides).
6,960
Rent of power and heat, .
$9,819
Selling value
$48,723
Mill supplies, . . . .
$27,620
All other leather.
$967,817
All other materials, .
$80,502
All other products, including
Freight
$188,176
by-products, oflfal, etc., .
$992,728
Value of goods made and work
Custom work—
done
$26,067,714
Hides tanned
84,600
Bough leather (sides), .
. 24,119
Skins tanned
6,888,688
Selling value
$41,151
Sides curried, ....
612,965
Rough grains (sides).
69,242
Splits curried,
182,160
Selling value, ....
$82,ftS8
Skins curried, .
299,147
Rough splits (sides),
171,528
Amount received for custom
Sel^ng value, ....
$169,345
tanning and currying, .
$1,081,183
Union sole leather (sides).
Selling value, ....
60,000
$245,000
Miscellaneous expenses, .
Rent of works, . . . .
$662,653
$73,299
Hemlock sole leather (sides), .
9,980
Taxes (not internal revenue).
$88,961
Selling value, ....
$22,500
Interest, insurance, etc., .
$500,293
Upper leather— grain, satin,
kangaroo, etc., side
Number of salaried persons.
356
leather (sides),
1,869,287
Total salaries, .
$405,648
Selling value, ....
$4,361,481
Officers of corporations, .
27
Finished splits
3,;J81,012
Salaries, . . . .
$82,764
Selling value
$2,852,551
Superintendents, clerks, etc., .
328
Patent and enameled (sides), .
18,650
Salaries, ....
$322,884
Selling value
$61,064
Males,
289
Flesh finished calf and kip
Salaries, ....
$304,341
skins,
6,336
Females,
39
Selling value
$7,395
Salaries
$18,543
<5rain finished calf and kip
skins,
2,241,919
Persons employed:
Selling value, ....
$4,009,829
Average number.
7,010
Goatskins, black, tanned and
Males (16 years and over), .
6,966
finished, ....
5,001,784
Females (16 years and over),
48
Selling value, ....
$3,427,021
Children (under 16 years), .
7
Goatskins, coloi-ed, tanned and
Smallest number.
6,846
finished
3,954,334
Greatest number,
8,604
Selling value, ....
$2,586,184
Total wages paid, ....
$3,379,698
Sheepskins, tanned and fin-
Males,
$3,368,807
ished,
8,690,563
Females,
$19,307
Selling value, ....
$3,636,839
Children,
$1,684
Belting leather (sides), .
226,443
Selling value, ....
$945,723
Steam engines, . . , .
138
Harness leather (sides) , .
4,600
Horsepower, . . . .
10,936
Selling value, ....
$14,800
Gas and gasoline engines, .
1
Trunk, bag, and pocketbook
Horsepower, . . . .
2
leather, ....
$316,646
Water wheels, . . . .
6
Bookbinders* leather.
$194,456
Horse power
126
Leather for manufacture of
Electric motors, ....
1
gloves, ....
$13,350
Horsepower, . . . .
10
Digitized by VjOOQIC
184 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
In Massachusetts there were, in 1900, 119 establishments,
producing different kinds of leather as follows : sole, 1 ; rough,
2 ; upper, 21 ; goat, kid, and morocco, 31 ; patent and en-
ameled, 1 ; sheepskins, 13 ; belting leather, 4 ; harness and
carriage, 2 ; trunk, glove, bookbinding, and furniture, 4 ; and
all other kinds, 40.
From Bulletin No. 197, we reproduce the following data
relative to the manufacture of cigars and cigarettes :
Cigars and Cigarettes.
Classification.
Classification.
Number of establishments,
Private firms, .
Corporations, .
Amount of capital invested,
Land
Buildings, ....
Machinery, tools, etc.,
Cash and sundries, .
Value of stock and materials
used, .
Principal materials, .
Fuel
Rent of power and heat.
Mill supplies, .
Freight,
Value of goods made and work
done
Miscellaneous expenses, .
Rent of works, .
Taxes (not internal revenue)
Insurance, interest, etc., .
Contract work, .
831
$2,368,001
$122,970
$118,860
91,971
$2,024,610
$1,910,617
$1,887,078
$11,626
$812
$125
$10,977
$6,298,390
$694,410
$68,905
$12,600
$612,981
$24
Number of salaried persons.
Total salaries, . .
Officers of corporations,
Salaries,
Superintendents, clerks, etc..
Salaries,
Males,
Salaries,
Females, .
Salaries,
Persons employed :
Average number,
Males (16 years and over).
Females (16 years and over)
Children (under 16 years).
Smallest number.
Greatest number.
Total wages paid,
Males, .
Females,
Children, .
Steam engines.
Horse power.
133
$163,576
9
$16,660
124
$138,016
112
$131,880
isr
$6,13&
2,762
2,038
700
14
2,332
3,362
$1,749,676
$1,443,880
$302,765
$3,091
From the same bulletin, we find that in 1840 there were
grown in Massachusetts 64,955 pounds of tobacco. This was
more than doubled in 1850, the number of pounds grown being
138,246. In 1860, it rose to 3,233,198 pounds and in 1870 to
7,312,885 pounds, falling in 1880 to 5,369,436 pounds, and in
1890 to 2,794,848 pounds. In 1900, however, the quantity
rose to 6,406,570 pounds.
According to the report of the Commissioner of Internal
Revenue there were 2,842,087 pounds of tobacco used in 1900,
Digitized by VjOOQIC
l^o. 36.]
COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
185
and the production in that year of cigars and cigarettes was
135,630,310, distributed as follows : Cigars, weighing more
than three pounds per thousand, 127,679,825 ; cigars, weigh-
ing not more than three pounds per thousand, 738,200 ; cigar-
ettes, weighing more than three pounds per thousand, 52,860 ;
and cigarettes, weighing not more than three pounds per thou-
sand, 7,159,425.
There were 2 establishments engaged in the manufacture of
smoking tobacco and snuff, and during 1900 they used 121,613
pounds of leaf tobacco, 18,038 pounds of scraps, 2,262 pounds
of stems, and 11,284 pounds of other materials. The product
was 19,268 pounds of smoking tobacco and 112,804 pounds of
snuff.
From Bulletin No. 198, devoted to starch, we select the
following data for Massachusetts.
Starch,
CLASSinCATION.
i»oo
\ CLA88IFICATIOM.
1
1900
Number of establishments, •
5
Misc/ellaneous expenses, .
$28,708
Private firms, . . . .
3
Bent of works, . . . .
$300
Corporations, ....
2
Taxes (not internal revenue).
$1,996
Amount of capital invested,
$344,999
Insurance, Interest, etc., .
i
$26,412
Land,
Buildings,
Machinery, tools, etc..
Cash and sundries, .
$29,320
$67,300
$53,271
$195,108
Number of salaried persons.
Total salaries, .
1 Officers of corporations, .
; Salaries, ....
21
$23,788
5
$8,200
Yalue of stock and materials
used,
$269,652
, Superintendents, clerks, etc., .
Salaries, . . . .
16
$15,588
Com starch (pounds).
Cost value, . . . .
380,000
$6,000
Males
1 Salaries, ....
14
$14,948
Wheat flour (pounds), . ,
13,939,464
1 Females, .....
2
Cost value, . . . .
$237,654
i Salaries
$640
Borax (pounds).
Cost value, .
Soda (pounds), . . . .
Cost value
Fuel
10,000
$700
43,478
$500
$7,089
1
Persons employed :
Average number,
Males (16 years and over), .
1 Females (16 years and over) ,
66
58
7
Mill supplies
All other materials, .
, $1,040
* $6,669
1 Smallest number.
Greatest number.
59
73
Value of goods made and work
Total wages paid, .
$34,736
done,
$390,161
Males,
$32,736
Corn starch (pounds),
585,960
Females
$2,000
Selling value, . . . .
$46,391
Wheat starch (pounds), .'
7,456,191
Steam engines, ....
4
Selling value, ....
$343,424
Horsepower, . . . .
65
All other products, .
$346
Digitized by VjOOQIC
186 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
From Bulletin No. 199, we find that in 1900 there were in
Massachusetts 231 establishments engaged in producing flour^
meal, feed, etc., the figures for this industry being presented
in the following table :
Flouring and Ovist Mills.
Classification.
1900
Classification.
1900
Number of establishments,
231
Value of goods made and work
Private firms, ...
223
done— Con.
Corporations, ....
8
Barley meal (pounds), .
252,457
Amount of capital Invested,
$1,980,927
Selling value, ....
$13,90a
Land
$203,518
Corn meal (barrels),
2,443,99»
Buildings,
$401,901
Selling value, .
$4,477,134
Machinery, tools, etc.,
$340,838
Hominy (pounds).
2,564,600
Cash and sundries, .
$984,670
Selling value, .
Feed (pounds), .
$23,134
106,739,202
Value of stock and materials
Selling value, .
$1,047,93^
used,
$4,812,266
Offal (pounds), .
19,267,731
Wheat (bushels).
27,340
Selling value, .
$101,888
Cost value
$20,376
Custom sawing.
$6,914
Com (bushels^
9,718,561
All other products.
$34,597
Cost value, ....
$4,094,652
Rye (bushels)
287,972
Amount received for custom
Cost value, ....
$147,823
grinding, including value of
Buckwheat (bushels).
13,849
grain received as toU,
$87,208^
Cost value, ....
$8,180
Miscellaneous expenses, .
$95,774
Barley (bushels),
80,940
Rent of works, . . . .
$28,094
Cost value, ....
$30,277
Taxes (not internal revenue),
$15,107
Oats (bushels), ....
1,381,703
Interest, insurance, etc., .
$52,573
Cost value, ....
$378,576
Other grain (bushels), .
Cost value, . . . • .
82,726
$36,170
Number of salaried persons.
Total salaries, .
53
$33,157
Barrels purchased, .
Cost value, ....
3,810
$736
Officers of corporations, . . .
Salaries, . . . .
4
$5,600
Sacks purchased.
Cost value
433,230
$13,370
Superintendents, clerks, etc., .
Salaries, . . . .
Males
49
$27,557
33
$22,043
Cooperage stock and cloth for
sacks, ....
$60
Females,
16
Fuel,
Rent of power and heat, .
$24,896
$10,261
Salaries
$5,514
MUlsuppUes, ....
$9,626
Persons employed :
AU other materials, .
$8,108
Average number.
304
Freight,
$29,366
Males (16 years and over), .
302
Value of goods made and work
Children (under 16 years), .
2
done,
$5,763,623
Smallest number.
311
Wheat flour (barrels), .
7,328
Greatest number.
384
Selling value
$27,744
Total wages paid.
$161,486
Rye flour (barrels), .
6,750
Males, .
$161,264
Selling value, ....
$19,398
Children, .
$222
Buckwheat flour (lbs.), .
428,143
Steam engines.
61
Selling value
$10,882
Horse power.
2,376
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
Flouring and Qrist Mills — Concluded.
187
CLABSmOATION.
Gas or gasoline engines,
Horse power, .
Water wheels,
Horse power, .
Other power engines
Horse power,
1900
17
6,464
1
4
Classification.
Number of pairs of rolls, .
Number of runs of stone, .
Estimated maximum capacity
per day of 24 hours
(bushels), .
lOOO
81
848
166,826
Bulletin No. 200 is devoted to the manufacture of agricul-
tural implements, the figures for Massachusetts given in the
next table being derived therefrom.
Agricultural Implements.
Classification.
1900
Classification.
i»oo
Number of establishments,
Private firms, .
Corporations, .
Amount of capital Invested,
Land,
Buildings
Machinery, tools, etc..
Cash and sundries, .
Value of stock and materials
used,
Purchased in raw state, .
Partially manufactured.
Fuel,
Bent of power and heat, .
Mill supplies, . . . .
All other materials, .
Freight,
Value of goods made and work
done,
Goods made, . . . .
Work done
Kinds and quantity of goods
made:
Cultivators—
Small,
Wheeled,
Harrows—
Disk,
Other than disk, .
3
$706,472
$16,700
$37,300
$122,733
$529,739
$216,313
$566
$186,468
$7,142
$40
$1,895
$20,200
$12
• $534,789
$502,665
$82,224
400
630
1,015
Kinds and quantity of goods
made — Con.
Hoes (dozen), .
Markers and furrowers, .
Plows—
Shovel, ....
Sulky or wheel.
Walking, ....
Potato coverers and hillers,
Rollers, ....
Stalk cutters.
Com planters, horse .
Line spreaders, .
Manure spreaders, .
Seed sowers.
Hay rakes, hand (dozen) .
Hay rakes, horse
Hay tedders.
Mowers, ....
Potato diggers, .
Corn shellers, hand .
Fanning mills, .
Miscellaneous seed separators,
Carts,
Churns, butter workers, etc..
Cider and wine mills.
Ensilage cutters.
Hay cutters.
Feed and ensilage elevators.
Fruit presses, .
Gardening implements, .
Grinding mills, .
Grubbing machines, .
9,104
80
200.
140
17,510
150
300
237
929
125
25
3,000
3,039
1,126
562
3,700
10
929
110
6,531
250
250
75
1,287
400
100
300
2,000
2,500
364
Digitized by VjOOQIC
188 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Agricultural Implements — Concluded.
Classification.
Kinds and quantity of goods
made -» Con.
Handcarts, .
Horsepowers, .
Portable sawmills,
Road scrapers, .
Singletrees,
Traction engines,
Weeders, .
Miscellaneous expenses, .
Bent of works, ...
Taxes (not internal reyenue)
Interest, insurance, etc., .
Number of salaried persons,
^ Total salaries,
Officers of corporations, .
Salaries, ....
1»00
610
10
20
90
91,000
25
2,150
$44,577
$11,277
$7,791
$26,509
35
$45,358
2
$12,000
Classification.
Number of salaried persons-Con.
Superintendents, clerks, etc.,
(males).
Salaries, ....
Persons employed :
Average number.
Males (16 years and over).
Children (under 16 years).
Smallest number.
Largest number.
Total wages paid, <
Males, .
Children,
Steam engines,
Horse power,
Water wheels.
Horse power.
$33,358
312
811
1
266
378
$159,700
$180
3
410
6
340
Statistics concerning the dyeing and finishing of textiles are
given in Bulletin No. 202, from which the following figures
for Massachusetts are taken :
Dyeing and Finishing Textiles,
Classification.
1900
Classification.
lOOO
Number of establishments,
Private firms,
Corporations, ....
Amount of capital invested,
Land,
Buildings
Machinery, tools, etc., .
Cash and sundries, . .
Value of stock and materials
used
Chemicals and dyestuifs,
Starch (pounds),
Cost value, ....
Silk soap (pounds), .
Cost value, ....
Other soap (pounds),
Cost value, ....
Fuej,
Rent of power and heat, .
Mill supplies, ....
87
15
22
$15,206,200
$1,161,503
$1,960,972
$2,499,388
$9,584,337
$3,110,910
$2,031,072
5,335,681
$160,016
26,412
$1,369
186,838
$8,137
$393,711
^5,512
$176,010
Value of stock and materials
used— Con.
All other materials, .
Freight
Value of work done, .
Wool dyed (pounds).
Value
Woollen yam dyed (pounds).
Value
Worsted yarn dyed (pounds),
Value, . . .
Worsted piece goods dyed
(square yards),
Value,
Cotton stock bleached(pounds).
Value,
Cotton stock dyed (pounds), .
Value,
Cotton yam bleached (pounds).
Value,
$287,452
$47,631
$8,868,290
40,328
$2,043
100,800
$7,059
382,525
$29,002
438,520
$19,952
29,650
$1,743
2,771,290
$249,114
6,453,500
$98,662
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
Dyeing and Finishing Textiles — Concluded.
189
CULSSiriCATIOll.
Value of work done —Con.
Cotton yam dyed (pounds),
Vftlu^, ....
Cotton piece goods bleached
(square yards),
Value, ....
Cotton piece goods dyed
(pounds), .
Value, ....
Cotton piece goods printed
(square yards),
Value, ....
Silk piece goods printed
(square yards).
Value, ....
Mixed goods.
All other work done.
Miscellaneous expenses,
Rent of works, .
Taxes (not internal revenue).
Insurance, interest, etc., .
Contract work, ...
Number of salaried persons.
Total salaries, .
Officers of corporations, .
Salaries,
7,168,907
$294,909
276,321,266
$1,637,880
90,468,727
♦1,060,761
262,619,600
$6,136,021
262,964
$20,350
$44,618
$267,226
$866,S29
$7,517
$86,717
$766,802
$16,793
$647,862
44
$234,666
Classification.
Number of salaried persons-Con
Superintendents, clerks, etc.,
Salaries,
Males,
Salaries,
Females, .
Salaries,
Persons employed :
Average number.
Males (16 years and over).
Females (16 years and over)
Children (under 16 years).
Smallest number,
Greatest number.
Total wages paid, .
Males, .
Females,
Children, .
Machinery, etc. :
Printing machines (cotton).
Steam engines, .
Horsepower, .
Water wheels, .
Horsepower, .
Electric motors, .
Horsepower, .
1»00
195
$313,206
174
$303,666
21
$9,661
4,678
8,846
736
97
8,990
6,287
$2,081,015
$1,838,344
$229,597
$18,074
281
11,932
24
2,360
9
126
From Bulletin No. 203, devoted to the lumber industry in
all its branches, we extract the data which follow :
Massachusetts was originally covered with forests of conifers,
mixed with hard woods, but the State was long ago thor-
oughly lumbered, and to-day contains very little, if any, virgin
forest, the cutting being confined principally to second growth.
The product of Massachusetts has materially increased in the
past 50 years, and in 1900 exhibits a value four times greater
than in 1850, as will be seen by the following table :
I860,
1860,
1870,
Valne
of Prod act
$1,662,266
2,218,144
3,656,870
YSABS.
1880,
1890,
1900,
Value
of Product
$3,120,184
6,211,607
6,626,230
Digitized by VjOOQIC
190 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
The woodland has an area, by measurement from the maps
of the State prepared by the United States Geological Survey,
of 4,200 square miles, or 52 per cent of the area of the State.
Very little of this, however, contains timber of mill size and
quality. The following table shows the timber owned and cut
in 1900, by species and average stand :
Species.
Owned
(M feet, B. M.)
^^sr
1900 cut
(M feet, B. M.)
White pine
Other conifers,
Hardwoods
340,400
7,200
27,900
10,300
261,133
42,846
42,539
Totals,
375,600
-
346,518
In the following table, we reproduce the statistics of the
lumber industries of Massachusetts for the year 1900 :
Lumber and Timber Products,
Classification.
Number of establishments,
Private firms,
Corporations
Number of sawmills,
Number of tie and timber camps,
Amount of capital invested,
Aggregate for mills,
In logging plants conducted by milling establishments
Timbered land tributary to mill,
Other timbered land,
All other land,
Tools, implements, live stock, etc.,
Logging railways and equipment,
River improvement (exclusive of stock in chartered boom companies) ,
Booms, chains, and supplies,
Vessels used in transportation of lumber or logs, including steam tugs.
Saw logs, bolts, hewed timber, ties, posts, etc., on hand (not delivered
at mill)
All other capital invested in logging,
In sawmill plants,
Land,
Buildings, dry kilns, etc.,
Machinery, tools, and implements,
In planing mill plants, conducted by milling establishments, .
Land,
Buildings, dry kilns, etc.,
Machinery, tools, and implements,
563
542
11
534
19
$6,253,171
$6,103,721
$1,651,29^
$866,876
$364,412
$113,623
$158,690
$1,700
$2,532
$599
$112
$32,073
$10,675
$1,533,754
$264,898
$505,605
$768,251
$424,756
$62,445
$191,393
$170,918
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
Lumber and Timber Products — Continued.
191
Classification.
IINIO
Amount of capital inyested — Con.
Aggregate for mills — Con.
Live capital, total
Logs and bolts at mill,
Lumber or other products (not planed or finished) on hand,
Dressed lumber, stock in process, and remanufaetiired goods on hand,
Cash on hand, bills receivable, unsettled ledger accounts, and all
sundries not included in the foregoing items,
Aggregate for independent timber camps,
Total invested in plants,
Timbered land,
Tools, implements, live stock, etc
All other capital invested in timber camps,
Live capital, total,
Value of products on hand,
Cash and sundries,
Total value of stock and materials used,
For logging camps (conducted by milling establishments), . . . .
Stumpage (feet, board measure),
Cost value,
Supplies,
All other materials,
For sawmills,
Logs and bolts purchased (cost value),
Feet, board measure
Cords
Supplies
Power and heat,
All other materials,
Freight,
For planing mills and remanufactures,
Rough lumber (cost value) ,
Feet, board measure,
Supplies,
All other materials,
Freight
For timber camps,
Stumpage (cost value),
Feet, board measure,
Supplies,
All other materials,
Products.
Value of goods made and work done,
Sawmill products (including the value of merchant products and amount
received for custom work, but excluding the value of custom prod-
ucts)
Planing mill products,
Timber camp products
Quantity and value of sawed lumber (feet, board mC ^sure), ....
Selling value, . . . . ~
$2,503,919
$196,824
$1,076,171
$112,836
$1,209,068
$149,460
$68,680
$43,206
$13,776
$1,600
$90,870
$44,395
$46,476
$3,034,828
$491,816
163,213,000
$401,330
$68,786
$21,700
$1,836,118
$1,670,196
149,608,000
14,030
$83,403
$4,376
$70,868
$6,275
$647,926
$667,825
62,096,000
$13,197
$68,043
$8,860
$59,969
$31,870
10,630,000
$7,291
$20,808
$6,626,230
$6,057,483
$1,243,408
$225,339
344,190,000
$4,005,845
Digitized by VjOOQIC
192 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Lumber and Timber Products — Continued.
Classification.
Products— Con.
Quantity and value of sawed lumber (feet, board measure) — Con.
Merchant products (feet, board measure),
Selling value,
Custom products, estimated (feet, board measure),
Selling value (estimated),
Rough Lumber : Merchant and Custom Sawed.
Bougli lumber, merchant and custom combined (feet, board measure),
Selling value,
Conifers, total (feet, board measure),
Selling value
White pine (feet, board measure)
Selling value
Hemlock (feet, board measure),
Selling value
Spruce (feet, board measure),
Selling value
Cedar (feet, board measure),
Selling value,
All other conifers (feet, board measure),
Selling value,
Hardwoods (feet, board measure),
Selling value,
Ash (feet, board measure),
Selling value,
Birch (feet, board measure),
Selling value,
Chestnut (feet, board measure),
Selling value,
Basswood (feet, board measure),
Selling value,
Oak (feet, board measure),
Selling value,
Poplar (feet, board measure),
SeUing value
Black walnut (feet, board measure),
Selling value,
Maple (feet, board measure),
Selling value,
Other hard woods (feet, board measure),
Selling value,
Shingles : Merchant and Custom Sawed.
Shingles (merchant and custom),
Selling value,
Whitepine,
Selling value,
Cedar,
Selling value,
Hemlock,
Selling value,
Spruce,
Selling value
273,868,000
$3,180,402
70,332,000
$826,443
842,068,000
$3,968,326
299,911,000
$3,204,906
268,214,000
$2,696,876
12,234,000
$144,910
29,216,000
$366,396
176,000
$1,976
72,000
$5,760
42,147,000
$763,419
120,000
$2,146
1,000,000
$13,305
19,488,000
$251,843
300,000
$2,996
16,091,000
$294,151
226,000
$6,927
46,000
$1,875
2,397,000
$82,780
2,481,000
$108,398
20,600,000
$46,694
14,596,000
$33,174
2,140,000
$6,093
1,470,000
$3,390
1,984.000
$4,422
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900. 193
Lumber and Timber Products — Continued.
Classificatiok.
lOOO
Products — Con.
Shingles : Merchant and Custom Sawed — Con.
Shingles (merchant and custom) — Con.
Other conifers,
Selling value
All hard woods,
Selling value,
Sawmills: Cooperage materials,
Hoops,
Selling value,
Staves,
Selling value
Headings (sets),
Selling value,
Other Sawed Products.
Other sawed products,
Bobbin and spool stock (feet, board measure), ....
Selling value,
Furniture stock (feet, board measure),
Selling value,
Agricultural implement stock (feet, board measure).
Selling value,
Carriage and wagon stock (feet, board measure)
Selling value,
Laths
Selling value,
All other sawed products,
Amount received for custom work,
Sawing,
Grinding,
Planing mill products,
Gross value of finished lumber,
Gross value of reman ufactured products,
Amount received for custom planing,
Timber camp products,
Basket stock (cords),
Selling value,
Fence posts,
Selling value,
Hard- wood and other logs, cut for export (feet, board measure),
Selling value
Logs for domestic manufacture, cut for sale (feet, board measure),
Selling value,
Handle stock (cords),
Selling value,
Hemlock bark (cords),
Selling value,
Piles
Selling value,
Railway ties,
Selling value,
Rived or shaved shingles,
Selling value,
8.
160,000
$300
160,000
$316
$61,986
180,000
$1,080
,266,000
$49,890
898,000
$11,016
$1,696,806
827,000
$14,640
763,000
$10,250
227,000
$4,540
826,000
$8,090
8,807,000
$28,483
$1,535,802
$211,742
$197,963
$13,789
$1,248,408
$359,089
$846,039
$38,280
$225,339
2
$20
52,450
$5,358
20,000
$280
6,883,000
$52,660
40
$200
188
$724
1,080
$2,066
149,479
$54,474
706,000
$1,368
Digitized by VjOOQIC
194 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Lumber and Timber Products — Continued.
CLASSinCATION.
Products— Con.
Other Sawed Prodttcts — Con.
Timber camp products — Con.
Ship knees,
Selling Talue,
Telegraph poles
Selling value,
Wheel stock (cords),
Selling value,
Charcoal (bushels),
Selling value,
All other products,
Amount received for contract work,
Miscellaneous expenses,
Rent of works,
Taxes, not including internal revenue, .
Rent of offices, insurance, interest, repairs, etc..
Contract work,
Logging, .......
Sawing,
Salaried persons and salaries:
In logging camps (conducted by milling establishments) —
Salaried officials, clerks, etc.,
Salaries paid,
In miUs—
Officers of corporations,
Salaries paid,
General superintendents, managers, derks, etc..
Salaries paid,
Males,
Salaries paid,
Females,
Salaries paid,
Persons employed :
Aggregate average number,*
Males (16 years and over)
Females (16 years and over),
Children (under 16 years),
Aggregate smallest number employed at any one time during the year.
Aggregate greatest number employed at any one time during the year.
Employed in logging camps (conducted by milling establishments) —
Average nimiber of males,
Wages paid,
Smallest number, .
Greatest number,
Employed in mills —
Average number,
Wages paid, .
35
$1,050
16,640
$%,658
1
$30
64,386
$7,140
$30,387
$42,925
$871,852
$18,029
$43,380
$228,530
$81,913
$74,093
$7,820
4
$700
5
$8,800
88
$73,096
71
$65,992
17
$7,104
3,463
3,408
50
5
8,209
5,996
$284,573
687
1,709
2,674
$1,176,758
* Not including persons employed in transportation of logs to mills.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISOXS: 1895, 1900.
Lumber and Timber Products — Concluded.
195
Classification.
Persons employed — Con.
Employed in mills — Con.
Males (16 years and over), .
Wages paid, ....
Females (16 years and over), .
Wages paid, ....
Children (under 16 years), .
Wages paid, ....
Smallest number.
Greatest number.
Employed in timber camps:
Average number of males,
Wages paid.
Smallest number.
Greatest number.
Employed in transportation of logs to mills:
Average number of males.
Wages paid,
Total wages paid,*
Males (16 years and over).
Females (16 years and over).
Children (under 16 years).
Average number and cost of keep of animals used:
Aggregate average number
Cost of keep,
Number used in logging for sawmills, .
Cost of keep,
Horses,
Cost of keep
Mules,
Cost of keep,
Cattle,
Cost of keep,
Number used in timber camps.
Cost of keep
Horses,
Cost of keep
Cattle,
Cost of keep
Number of steam engines, .
Horsepower, ....
Number of gas or gasoline engines.
Horse power, ....
Number of water wheels, .
Horse power, ....
Number of electric motors, .
Horsepower
2,619
$1,161,837
50
$14,046
6
$875
2,453
4,083
94
$38,330
204
813
$78,864
$1,499,661
$1,484,740
$14,046
$876
1,232
$101,860
1,169
$95,295
1,105
$91,614
5
$500
59
$3,181
63
$6,065
59
$6,020
4
$45
341
15,074
11
244
415
10,965
8
102
Not including wages paid to persons employed in transportation of logs to mills.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
196 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
In the following table is given the entire logging business
of the State, including the logging camps operated in con-
nection with sawmills, together with those operated inde-
pendently :
Number of establishments,
Amount of capital invested.
Value of stock and materials used, .
Value of goods made and work done,
Average number of persons employed,
Total amount paid in wages, .
247
$1,700,742
$551,785
$1,681,801
789
$322,903
Below we present the figures for establishments carrying
on exclusively sawmill operations, separated from planing
mills and timber camps for the purpose of showing this par-
ticular branch of the lumber industry.
Number of establishments.
Amount of capital invested.
Value of stock and materials used, .
Value of goods made and work done,
Average number of persons employed,
Total amount paid in wages, .
534
$4,014,837
$2,859,038
$5,057,483
2,439
$1,073,090
The figures below give an idea of the magnitude of the
purely planing mill branch of the lumber industry. To the
statistics of '' independent" planing mills are added actual and
estimated figures representing those branch planing mills which
are operated in connection with sawmills. The independent
planing mills are not included in any other statistics presented
in the Bulletin referred to.
Number of establishments,
Amount of capital invested.
Value of stock and materials used, .
Value of goods made and work done,
Average number of persons employed.
Total amount paid in wages, .
300
$4,657,629
$4,283,679
$7,535,689
2,669
$1,447,734
Bulletin No. 236 is devoted to the manufacture of woollen
goods, worsted goods, shoddy, wool and fur hats, hosiery and
knit goods, carpets and rugs, wool scouring, etc. From the
returns therein we find that, as compared with the other States
in the Union, Massachusetts ranks first in the manufacture
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.]
COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
197
of woollen goods ; first in worsted goods, third in carpets and
rugs, second in felt goods, and third in wool hats. Of the three
leading cities of the country in wool manufacturing, Philadel-
phia, Pa., was first ; Lawrence, Mass., second ; and Providence,
R. I., third. In the following table is shown the progress in
the manufacture of all kinds of woollen goods, except hosiery
and knit goods, in Massachusetts, since 1840 :
Tkaks.
Eatab-
ll5hmenU
Capitol
Materials
Used
Prodact
Persons
Employed
Wages Paid
1840
1860
1860
1870
1880
1890
1900
•
144
119
147
226
214
219
196
$4,179,860
9,089,342
13,006,853
26,722,900
36,764,000
66,568,686
90,128,764
$8,671,671
15,367,378
33,796,994
40,2»3,171
42,273,379
49,120,181
$7,082,898
12,770,666
24,016,443
62,270,608
64,968,209
67,699,321
81,041,537
6,076
11,130
16.638
28,026
34,717
37,739
42,069
$3,668,689
9,809,718
11,027,822
13,732,316
16,067,849
The figures contained in the next table relate to the manu-
facture of woollen goods.
Woollen Goods,
Classification.
IINIO
Number of establiflhrnents,
Private firms
Corporations,
Amount of capital Inyested,
Land
Bnlldings
Machinery, tools, etc.,
Cash and sundries
Value of stock and materials used, ....
Wool, foreign (pounds),
Cost value,
Wool, domestic (pounds)
Cost value,
Camel, alpaca, and vicuna hair (pounds),
Cost value,
Mohair (pounds),
Cost value,
Buffalo, COV7, and other animal hair and fur (pounds).
Cost value,
Cotton (bales),
Cotton (pounds),
Cost value
131
77
64
$83,196,903
$2,357,173
$4,663,468
$6,706,431
$20,469,831
$18,273,424
3,204,446
$767,172
36,482,272
$7,610,619
29,499
$8,10»
666,754
$269,637
879,331
$56,349
10,059
4,746,530
$453,782
Digitized by VjOOQIC
198 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Woollen Goods — Continued.
Classification.
IftOO
Value of stock and materials used — • Con.
Shoddy (pounds)
Cost value,
Wool waste and noils (pounds) , . . .
Cost value,
Camel, alpaca, and vicuna noils (pounds), .
Cost value,
Mohair noils (pounds),
Cost value,
Tops (pounds),
Cost value,
Woollen yam (pounds)
Cost value,
Worsted yam (pounds),
Cost value,
Merino yarn (pounds),
Cost value,
Cotton yam (pounds),
Cost value,
Silk yam (pounds),
Cost value,
SpunVilk yam (pounds),
Cost value,
Linen (pounds),
Cost value,
Jute, ramie, or other vegetable fiber (pounds),
Cost value
Shoddy made in mill for use therein (pounds),
Cost value
Soap
Oil
Chemicals and dyestuffs, ,
Fuel, ....
Rent of power and heat,
Mill supplies
All other materials,
Freight,
Cotton yam made in mill for use therein (pounds)
Value of goods made and work done, . , t
All-wool woven goods, whether woollen or worsted —
Wool-cloths, doeskins, cassimeres, cheviots, tweeds, indigo flannels, and
broadcloths, for men's wear (square yards),
Selling value,
Worsted coatings, serges, and suitings, for men's wear (square yards), .
Selling value,
Woollen overcoatings, cloakings, kerseys, etc., for men's or women's wear
(square yards),
Selling value,
Worsted overcoatings and cloakings, for men's or women's wear (square
yards),
Selling value,
8,628,698
$994,924
2,847,895
$855,126
100,773
$20,062
81,512
$7,382
11,136
$7,799
949,270
$829,444
1,979,720
$1,685,696
50,080
$6,348
3,813,317
$760,694
1,438
$8,619
1,700
$5,652
4,000
$3,000
5,984
$403
12,891,959
$1,151,019
$178,047
$167,000
$1,246,294
$587,646
$29,239
$187,495
$667,100
$259,817
12,000
$30,888,104
10,735,748
$6,879,279
874,613
$1,272,831
6,151,856
$5,544,178
6,270
$3,314
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
Woollen Ooods — Continued.
199
Classification.
1»00
Value of goods made and work done — Con.
All-wool woven goods, whether woollen or worsted — Con.
Wool dress goods, sackings, trloots, ladles' cloth, broadcloth, and other all-
wool goods for women's wear, and opera and similar flannels (square
yards),
Selling value,
Worsted dress goods, oassimeres, serges, and other worsted goods for
women's wear, and buntings (square yards),
Belling value,
Carriageclothsof all weights (square yards),
Belling value,
Flannels for underwear (square yards),
Selling value,
Horse blankets (square yards),
Selling value,
Union and cotton-mixed woven goods —
Unions, tweeds, cheviots, cassimeres, or other goods for men's wear
(square yards)
Selling value,
Overcoatings and doakings (square yards) ,
Selling value,
Sackings, tricots, and dress goods for women's wear, and opera and similar
flannels (square yards)
Selling value,
Flannels for underwear (square yards),
Selling value,
Blankets (square yards) ,
Belling value,
Horse blankets (square yards),
Selling value
Carriage robes (square yards)
Selling value,
Wool-fiUiDg cassimeres, doeskins, Jeans, tweeds, coatings, suitings, and
other cotton- warp goods for men's wear (square yards).
Selling value,
Worsted-filling cassimeres, doeskins, jeans, tweeds, coatings, suitings, and
other cotton- warp goods for men's wear (square yards).
Belling value,
Wool-filling overcoatings and cloakings (square yards)
Selling value,
Astrakhans and similar goods (square yards),
Selling value,
Satinets and linsey (square yards),
Selling value,
Wool -filling dress goods and repellents (square yards), . . . .
Selling value, .
Domett flannels and shirtings (square yards),
Selling value,
Linings, Italian cloths, and lastings (square yards),
Selling value,
Cotton- warp blankets (square yards)
Selling value,
11,587,565
$3,766,850
1,086,859
$403,917
802,811
$365,147
2,219,563
$689,248
18,750
$9,000
3,849,310
$1,535,204
1,489,836
$715,548
4,414,628
$1,845,081
3,011,516
$587,106
483,252
$218,928
1,376
$656
887,085
$84,312
6,966,602
$2,178,525
489,816
$296,206
1,055,861
$224,270
17,576
$10,150
10,326,148
$2,237,965
865,380
$209,430
167,000
$182,700
2,180,798
$181,041
1,120,224
$216,295
Digitized by VjOOQIC
200 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Woollen G^ooefo — Continued.
CLASeiriCATION.
1900
Value of goods made and work done — Con.
Union and coUon-mized woven goods — Con.
Horse blankets (square yards),
Belling value,
Carriage robes (square yards)
Selling value,
Woollen and worsted upholstery goods (square yards), .
Selling value,
Other upholstery goods
Felt cloths (square yards)
Selling value
Woollen yams, all wool (pounds),
Selling value,
Worsted yam and tops (pounds)
Selling value,
Woollen or worsted yam, union or merino, cotton mixed (pounds)
Selling value,
Mohair and similar yam (pounds),
Selling value,
Noils (pounds),
Selling value,
Waste (pounds)
Selling value,
Flocks (pounds),
Selling value
Eiderdown shawls (dozen),
Selling value
Boot and shoe linings (square yards),
Selling value
Jersey cloths and stockinet (square yards),
Selling value,
All other products
Contract work,
Miscellaneous ezi>enseB,
Rent of works,
Taxes (not intemal revenue),
Interest, insurance, etc
Contract work
Number of salaried persons,
Total salaries,
Persons employed :
Average number,
Males (16 years and over)
Females (16 years and over),
Children (under 16 years),
Smallest number,
Greatest number
824,315
$130,477
244,458
$114,176
106,667
$200,000
$64,779
110,034
$48,455
676,140
$320,87»
60,000
$30,000
197,200
$42,936
200,000
$200,000
1,331
$532
390,932
$22,892
132,500
$17,646
361,000
$126,403
11,420
$8,800
2,784
$1,010
$120,175
$281,770
$1,745,199
$114,538
$208,768
$1,331,195
$90,698
$729,724
17,717
11,177
5,865
675
14,966
21,040
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
Woollen Cfoods — Concluded.
201
Clasbifioatiom.
1900
Total wages paid,
MaleB, .
Females,
ChUdren, .
Skilled operatives :
Spinners, .
Males, .
Females,
Children,
Weavers, .
Males, .
Females,
ChUdren,
Finishers, .
Males, .
Females,
Children,
Machinery, etc. :
Bets of woollen cards,
Comhtng machines, .
Spindles, .
Looms,
Broad, .
Narrow, .
Braiders, .
Steam engines, .
Horse power.
Water wheels, .
Horse power,
Electric motors,
Horse power.
$6,823,051
$4,803,450
$1,888,520
$131,081
1,621
1,467
87
67
6,123
3,101
3,014
8.
2,282
1,522
701
59
1,251
19
472,984
8,939
5,925
3,014
1,000
187
21,858
202
14,245
9
170
The next table gives statistics for the principal subdivision
of the wool manufacture, namely, the combed-wool depart-
ment, in which are manufactured worsted cloths and suitings,
worsted dress goods, and large quantities of worsted yarn for
use in carpet manufacture. The worsted mills are distin-
guished from the woollen mills by the initial processes to which
the fiber is subjected.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
202 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Worsted Goods.
Classification.
Number o£ establishments,
Private firms,
Corporations,
Amount of capital invested,
Land
Bnildings, .
Machinery, tools, etc.,
Cash and sundries, .
Value of stock and materials used, . .
Wool, foreign (pounds)
Cost value,
Wool, domestic (pounds).
Cost value,
Camel, alpaca, and vicuna hair (pounds).
Cost value,
Mohair (pounds),
Cost value,
Cotton (bales),
Cotton (pounds),
Cost value,
Shoddy (pounds),
Cost value,
Wool waste and noils (pounds), .
Cost value,
Camel, alpaca, and victma noils (pounds).
Cost value,
Tops (potmds),
Cost value,
Woollen yam (pounds)
Cost value
Worsted yam (pounds)
Cost value
Merino yam (pounds), ....
Cost value,
Cotton yarn (pounds)
Cost value,
Silk yam (pounds),
Cost value,
Spun silk yam (pounds)
Cost value,
Linen (pounds),
Cost value,
Soap
OU
Chemicals and dyestuffs
Fuel
Rent of power and heat, ....
Mill supplies,
45
22
•23
$45,790,300
$2,988,592
$4,539,224
$8,585,662
$29,676,822
$25,315,707
24,850,427
$6,511,450
39,012,421
$9,106,578
1,562,491
$329,040
256,347
$117,991
4,425
2,562,632
$250,878
643,563
$93,891
184,747
$55,471
3,238
$848
1,490,776
$705,605
477,831
$280,328
4,870,028
$4,257,607
172,488
$34,554
2,640,290
$842,712
16
$96
17,621
$63,922
284
$229
$156,422
$63,130
$869,968
$449,281
$34,368
$182,460
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
Worsted Goods — Continned.
203
CLASSIFICATIOir.
1900
Value of stoek and material! used — Con.
All other materiaU,
Freight,
Cotton yam made in mill f or nae therein (pounds),
Value of goods made and work done,
All-wool woven goods, whether woollen or worsted —
Wool cloths, doeskins, casslmeres, cheviots, tweeds, indigo flannels, and
broadcloths, for men's wear (square yards)
Belling value,
Worsted coatings, serges, and suitings, for men's wear (square yards),
BelUng value
Woolen overcoatings, doaUngs, kerseys, etc., for men's or women's wear
(square yards),
Selling value
Wool dress goods, sackings, tricots, ladies' cloth, broadcloth and other
all-wool goods, for women's wear, and opera and similar flannels
(square yards),
Selling value,
Worsted dress goods, casslmeres, serges, and other worsted goods, for
women's wear, and buntings (square yards),
Selling value,
Blankets (square yards),
Belling value,
Union or cotton-mixed sackings, tricots, and dress goods for women's wear,
and opera and similar flannels (square yards),
Selling value,
Wool-filling casslmeres, doeskins, Jeans, tweeds, coatings, suitings, and other
cotton-warp goods for men's wear (square yards),
Selling value,
Worsted-filling casslmeres, doeskins, Jeans, tweeds, coatings, suitings, and
other cotton-warp goods, for men's wear (square yards).
Belling value,
Worsted-filling dress goods, delaines, casslmeres, serges, mohairs, alpaca,
and other stufEs, for women's wear (square yards), . . . .
Selling value,
Wool-filling dress goods and repellents (square yards),
Selling value,
Linings, Italian cloths, and lastings (square yards),
Selling value
Upholstery goods,
Woollen yam, all wool (pounds)
Selling value,
Worsted yams and tops (pounds)
Selling value,
Woolen or worsted yam, xmion or merino, cotton mixed (pounds), .
Selling value,
Mohair and similar yarn (pounds),
Selling value,
Noils (poxmds),
Selling value,
$761,558
$147,320
1,956,949
$40,557,363
2,094,67S
$1,396,451
21,180,544
$17,413,922
1,365,790
$1,388,555
1,068,475
$580,940
13,026,286
$4,088,468
187,530
$42,194
169,234
$55,061
450,000
$330,000
2,084,766
$1,083,222
21,794,250
$4,128,159
347,882
$155,042
6,309,534
$1,699,430
$39,025
434,192
$162,982
8,828,568
$4,990,268
878,506
$746,808
245,616
$102,899
4,879,286
$1,281,606
Digitized by VjOOQIC
204 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Worsted Goods — Concluded.
Classification.
1900
Value of goods made and work done — Con.
Waste (pounds),
Selling value,
Flocks (pounds), . . . . .
Selling value,
All other products,
Amount received for contract work,
Miscellaneous expenses, ....
Rent of works,
Taxes (not internal revenue), .
Interest, insurance, etc
Contract work,
Number of salaried persons, .
Total salaries, .
Persons employed :
Average number,
Bdales (16 years and over), .
Females (16 years and over),
Children (under 16 years), .
Smallest number, . . <
Greatest number.
Total wages paid, ....
Males,
Females,
Children
Skilled operatives :
Spinners, .
Males, .
Females,
ChUdren,
Weavers, .
Males, .
Females,
Finishers, .
Males, .
Females,
Children,
Machinery, etc. :
Sets of woollen cards.
Combing machines, .
Spindles, .
Looms,
Steam engines, .
Horse power,
Water wheels, .
Horse power,
Electric motors,
Horse power,
Other power,
Horse power.
1.185,361
$221,900
164,329
$5,768
$84,730
$609,933
$1,681,861
$46,539
$186,366
$1,362,930
$86,026
503
$796,250
18,867
9,380
8,410
1,077
16,414
21,035
$7,055,585
$4,177,429
$2,654,009
$224,147
1,932
482
1,152
298
4,396
2,178
2,218
2,649
1,411
1,199
181
358
429,526
9,584
151
27,001
64
10,262
15
740
1
10
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.]
COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
205
The manufacture of carpets is an important branch of the
wool manufacturing industry, and the following table presents
the returns for 1900 for the manufacture of carpets and rugs :
Carpets and Rugs.
CLAsauriCATioir.
Number of establithmenU,
Private firms,
CorporatioDs,
Amount of capital inveeted, .
Land,
Buildings
Machinery, tools, etc..
Cash and sundries, .
Value of stock and materials used.
Wool, foreign (pounds) , .
Cost value, ....
Cotton (pounds),
Cost value, ....
Wool waste and noils (pounds),
Cost value.
Worsted yam (pounds), .
Cost value, ....
Cotton yam (pounds).
Cost value.
Linen (pounds),
Cost value, ....
Jute, ramie, etc. (i>ounds),
Cost value, ....
Soap,
OU,
Obemioals and dyestufFs, .
Fuel,
Rent of power and heat, .
Mill supplies, ....
All other materials, .
Freight
Cotton made in mill for use therein (pounds),
Value of goods made and work done,
Carpets —
Ingrain 2-ply (square yards),
Selling value,
Tapestry Brassels (running yards of 27 inches wide), .
Belling value
Body Brassels (running yards of 27 inches wide), .
Selling value,
Tapestry velvet (ranning yards of 27 inches wide).
Selling value,
Wilton and Wilton velvet (running yards of 27 inches wide).
Belling value
Azminster (running yards of 27 inches wide).
Belling value,
8
1
7
$0,400,829
$«14,572
$1,608,804
$2,010,890
$5,271,633
$8,980,945
13,746,907
$2,063,996
641,460
$36,828
403,608
$65,000
2,142,847
$886,863
2,163,677
$250,003
1,175,131
$150,702
2,031,326
$186,n0
$4,712
$10,413
$126,316
$07,656
$600
$28,750
$101,700
$12,630
536,374
$6,066,287
2,295,606
$076,688
1,812,447
$1,060,050
2,536,261
$2,143,570
106,666
$78,206
801,034
$1,260,781
686,229
$612,356
Digitized by VjOOQIC
206 STATISTICS OP MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Carpets and Rugs — Continued.
Classification.
Value of goods made and work done — Con.
Rugs —
Wilton (square yards )»
Selling Talue,
Moquette and Azminster (square yards),
Selling value,
Other rugs (square yards),
Selling value,
Woollenyarn, all wool (pounds), .
Selling value,
Worsted yams and tops (pounds),
Selling value,
Waste (pounds),
Selling value
Miscellaneous expenses, ....
Bent of works,
Taxes (not internal revenue), .
Interest, insurance, etc., ....
Contract work,
Number of salaried persons.
Total salaries, ......
Persons employed :
Average number,
Males (16 years and over) , .
Females (16 years and over) ,
Children (under 16 years), .
Smallest number,
Greatest number
Total wages paid
Males,
Females,
Children
Skilled operatives :
Spinners,
Males
Females,
Weavers
Males,
Females, ......
Finishers,
Males
Females,
Machinery, etc. :
Sets of woollen cards, ....
Combing machines,
Spindles
Looms,
Steam engines,
Horsepower,
164,401
$262,118
280,698
$297,495
52,000
$65,000
312,000
$93,740
535,722
$205,144
31,000
$3,100
$427,241
$683
$77,967
$329,705
$18,896
71
$127,264
4,480
2,022
1,954
504
3,742
4,890
$1,720,289
$996,216
$629,638
$94,435
34
302
1,131
430
701
253
92
161
66
47
50,344
1,223
23
4,690
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
Carpets and Rugs— Concluded.
207
Classification.
Maohinery, etc. — Cod.
Water wheels, .
Horse power,
Eleotrie motors.
Horse power,
10
1,186
2
126
The following table exhibits the condition of the felt goods
manufacture in 1900 :
Felt Goods,
CLABSinCATION.
Classification.
Number of establishments,
Private firms,
Corporations,
Amonnt of capital Invested,
Land, ....
Bnlldings, .
Machinery, tools, etc.,
Cash and sundries.
Value of stock and materials
used.
Wool, foreign (i>ound8), .
Cost value,
Wool, domestic (pounds),
Cost value,
Buffalo and other animal hair
and fur (pounds),
Cost value.
Cotton (pounds) ,
Cost value,
Shoddy (pounds).
Cost value.
Wool waste and noils (pounds)
Cost value,
Tops (pounds), .
CoBt value,
Merino yam (pounds),
Cost value.
Soap,
oil,
Chemicals and dyestuffs, .
Fuel,
Mill supplies,
All other materials, .
Freight
7
2
6
$1,838,640
$134,400
$229,930
$324,212
$660,008
$963,203
734,713
$143,906
680,164
$263,092
186,707
$11,446
814,157
$60,628
636,242
$66,191
929,043
$220,900
74,979
$48,786
31,866
$6,373
$8,966
$2,107
$47,870
$21,986
$9,047
64,331
$6,947
Value of goods made and work
done, ....
Felt cloths (square yards).
Selling value, .
Boot and shoe linings (square
yards)
Selling value, .
Trimming and lining felts, felt
skirts, etc. (square yards).
Selling value, .
A U other felts, .
All other products,
Miscellaneous expenses,
Rent of works, .
Taxes (not Internal revenue) ,
Interest, Insurance, etc., .
I Number of salaried persons,
Total salaries,
Persons employed :
Average niimber.
Males (16 years and over),
Females (16 years and over),
Children (under 16 years).
Smallest number,
Greatest number.
Total wages paid, .
Males, .
Females,
Children, .
Skilled operatives :
Finishers, .
Males,
Females, .
Children, .
$1,626,830
660,600
$142,385
989,717
$600,93»
983,165
$288,681
$392,882
$201,944
$67,612
$6,080
$7,109
$54,363
19
$41,397
464
402
47
16
346
626
$180,796
$166,861
$12,512
$2,422
16
6
10
1
Digitized by VjOOQIC
208 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
FeU Ooods — Concluded.
1900
1900
Macfainery, etc. ;
Sets of woollen carde,
Steam engines, ....
Horsepower, . . . .
06
9
810
Machinery, etc. — Con.
Water wheels, . . , .
Horsepower
Electric motors, . . . .
Horsepower
10
920
1
25
Owing to the tendency in the wool manufacture to specialize
or subdivide its branches, the statistics of wool scouring were
gathered separately. They are given in the following table ;
Wool Scouring,
Ci^ssh'ioation.
Number of establishments,
Private firms.
Corporations,
Amount of capital invested,
Land, ....
BuUdings, .
Machinery, tools, etc..
Cash and sundries,
Value of stock and materials used,
Soap, ....
Chemicals and dyestufEs,
Fuel, ....
Kent of power and heat,
Mill supplies.
All other materials, .
Freight,
Value of goods made and work
done, . , .
Pounds of wool scoured, .
Amount received, .
6
3
2
$354,154
$18,750
$76,000
$166,500
$93,904
$78,371
$10,268
$21,127
$15,934
$1,146
$15,020
$1,702
$13^74
$384,912
80,709,844
$834,912
Classification.
Miscellaneous expenses,
Rent of works, .
Taxes (not internal revenue),
Interest, insurance, etc., .
Number of salaried persons.
Total salaries,
Persons employed :
Average number,
Males,
Females, .
Smallest number,
Greatest number.
Total wages paid,
Males, .
Females,
Steam engines,
Horse power.
Water wheels,
Horse power.
$30,569
$1,655
$3,356
$25,659
$44,176
298
297
1
175
416
$145,946
$145,556
$390
6
890
6
490
Shoddy is used principally in wool manufacture in the pro-
duction of low-grade satinets and other heavy cotton-warp
goods. The following table contains a statement of the prin-
cipal statistics for 1900 :
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.]
COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
209
Shoddy.
Classiticatioh.
1900
CLASUFIOATIOir.
IfNIO
Number of eflteblishmeDU, .
39
Value of goods made and work
Private flrmf , ....
24
done — Con.
Corporations, ....
5
Flocks (pounds),
79,180
SelUng value
$5,382
Amount of capital invetted, .
$769,294
Contract work, . . . .
$86,284
Land,
Buildings
Machinery, tools, etc..
Cash and sundries.
$82,085
$188,858
$215,885
$282,466
Rent of works, . . . .
Taxes (not internal revenue), .
$50,027
$7,368
$5,372
Interest, insurance, etc., .
$37,287
Yaine of stock and materials used.
$685,123
30
Wool, domestic (pounds),
7,000
Total salaries, . . . .
$34,836
Cost value, ....
$2,800
Persons employed :
Wool waste and noils (pounds).
805,500
307
Cost value, . . . * .
$69,210
Males (16 years and over), .
260
Pieces, clippings, mill waste.
Females (16 years and over), .
44
rags, etc. (pounds), .
11,205,078
Children (under 16 years) , .
3
Cost value, . . . .
$526,164
Snftdlest number,
234
Soap,
$66
Greatest number,
449
Oil,
$19,946
Chemicals and dyestuffs, .
$16,260
Total wages paid, . . . .
$127,715
Fuel,
$26,013
Males,
$114,492
If ill suppUes, . . . .
$10,285
Females,
$12,794
All other materials, .
$4,107
Children,
$429
Freight
$10,273
Machinery, etc. :
Sets of woollen cards,
58
Value of goods made and work
Steam engines
21
done,
$988,189
Horse i>ower, . . . .
1,952
Shoddy (pounds),
4,543,254
Gas or gasoline engines, .
1
Belling value
$622,454
Horsepower, . . . .
20
Wool extract (pounds), .
1,922,863
Water wheels, . . . .
30
Selling value, . . . .
$274,069
Horsepower, . . . .
1,650
The wool-hat manufacture is properly a part of the felt in-
dustry, the hats being made by a process of felting, and thus
distinguished from the ordinary products of the loom. With
the United States Census oflSce, it has been customary to
include wool hats in the wool manufacture, but under the sys-
tem of classification obtaining in Massachusetts the product has
always been included under " Clothing" upon the ground that
the hat is an ultimate product, while dress goods, felt cloths,
etc., have not reached their final use when produced by the
mill. The following table gives the data for the manufacture
of wool hats :
Digitized by VjOOQIC
210 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Wool Hats,
CLABSmOATION.
Number of establiabmento,
Private firme,
Corporations,
Amount of oapitol invested,
Land, ....
Buildings, .
Machinery, tools, etc.,
Cash and sundries,
Value of stock and materials nsed,
Wool, foreign (pounds), .
Cost value, ....
Wool, domestic (pounds), .
Cost value
Animal bair, etc. (poands),
Cost value, . . . .
Wool waste and noils (pounds),
Cost value, . •
Soap
Oil, ... .
Chemicals and dyestuffs.
Fuel
Mill supplies.
All other materials, .
Freight,
Value of goods made and work
done, ....
Wool hats (dozen), .
Selling value, .
IfNKI
4
1
3
$402,082
$17,000
$40,000
$88,500
$306,582
$587,902
50,000
$25,000
020,738
$242,612
61,482
$42,196
84,467
$47,867
$550
$140
$49,290
$15,819
$2,000
$152,100
$10,229
$1,103,003
247,163
$939,298
CLABSnriOATIOK.
Value of goods made and work
done — Con.
Fur hats (dozen).
Belling value, .
Wool hat bodies, etc. (dozen).
Selling value, .
Miscellaneous expenses.
Rent of works, .
Taxes (not internal revenue),
Interest, insurance, etc., .
Number of salaried persons.
Total salaries,
Persons employed :
Average nuo&ber, . .
Males (16 years and over).
Females (16 years and over).
Children (under 16 years).
Smallest number,
Greatest number,
Total wages paid.
Males, .
Females,
Children, .
Machinery, etc. :
Sets of woollen cards,
Formers for fur hats, .
Steam engines, .
Horse power, .
20,494
$153,705
3,500
$10,000
$97,319
$1,200
$2,784
$93,335
17
$15,459
541
382
144
15
529
662
$278,129
$228,586
$47,005
$2,538
80
2
4
475
Until the census of 1900, no attempt had been made to obtain
a separate statement of the statistics for the fur-hat manufact-
ure. They had been included with those of '* hats and caps,
not including wool hats." This Department has never made
any distinction between fur and wool hats, classifying them, as
stated on page 209, under Clothing. The material from which
fur hats are made is the fur of the rabbit, coney, and nutria,
and is mostly imported, sometimes on the skin, but more often
cut, although there are -some large fur-cutting establishments
in the United States, and some of the most important fur-hat
factories cut their own fur. The statistics for 1900 follow :
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.]
COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
211
Fur Hats.
Classification.
IfNKI
Classivicatioh.
1900
Number of establishmenU, .
Private firms, . . . .
11
9
Miscellaneous cKpenses,
Rent of works, . . . .
$97,787
$9,910
Corporations, ....
2
Taxes (not internal revenue) , .
$10,567
Amount of capital iDvested, .
Land,
$1,467,700
$46,356
Interest, insurance, etc., .
Contract work, . . . .
$70,410
$6,900
Buildings,
Machinery, tools, etc..
Cash and sundries, .
$819,101
$363,989
$788,304
Number of salaried persons,
Totol salaries, ....
54
$55,659
Value of stock and materials used,
Buffalo, cow, and other animal
hair and fur (pounds),
Cost value
Fur hat bodies, and hats in the
rough (dozen) , .
Cost value, . . . .
$1,889,546
456,593
$542,035
29,838
$139,889
Persons employed :
Average number.
Males (16 years and over), .
Females (16 years and over),
Children (under 16 years), .
Smallest number,
Greatest number.
1,828
976
834
13
1,377
2,380
All other materials which are
components of the product.
$487,578
Total wages paid
Males, . . . .
$790,786
$514,262
Chemicals and dyestuffs, .
Fuel,
Rent of power and heat, .
Mill supplies, . . . .
$62,930
$26,316
$1,012
$4,140
Females,
ChUdren,
Skilled operatives :
$274,254
$2,370
All other materials, .
Freight,
$120,540
$6,111
Finishers,
Males,
96
06
Value of goods made and work
Machinery, etc. :
done,
$2,680,964
Formers for fur hats, . •
10
Fur hats (dozen).
227,082
Steam engines, . . . .
Selling value, . . . .
$2,244,941
Horsepower, . . . .
836
Fur hat bodies and hats in the
Oas or gasoline engines, .
1
rough X dozen), .
Horsepower, . . . .
10
Selling value, . . . .
$8,273
Electric motors
8
All other products, .
$877,760
Horsepower, . . . .
160
The progress of the industry known as Hosiery and Knit
Goods is shown in the following summary for the census years
1860, 1870, 1880, 1890, and 1900 :
Years
Estab-
lishments
Capital
Materials
Used
Product
Persons
Employed
Wages Paid
1860
1870, ....
1880
1890
1900, ....
15
32
57
74
54
$155,200
1,570,500
1,467,375
4,497,940
6,288,672
$132,075
1,515,326
1,394,748
2,552,705
2,910,640
$314,120
3,213,481
2,483,59ft
5,082,087
6,620,257
388
2,415
3,411
4,562
6,667
$94,692
848,864
608,067
1,392,630
2,091,258
Digitized by VjOOQIC
212 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc,
In the following table are reproduced the data for the manu-
facture of hosiery and knit goods for 1900 :
Hosiery and Knit Ooods,
CLAS0ITICATIOIT.
I!7umber of estabUsbmento, .
64
Priyate firms, . . . .
27
Corporations, . . . .
27
Amount of capital invested, .
$0,288,672
Land,
$809,094
Bnildings,
$711,522
Machinery, tools, etc.,
$1,208,622
Cash and sundries, .
$3,939,684
Value of stock and materials used.
$2,910,040
Wool, foreign (pounds), .
2,000
Cost value, . . . .
$1,000
Wool, domestic (pounds).
1,144,940
Cost value, . . . .
$262,262
Cotton (pounds),
10,916,968
Cost value, . . . .
$781,269
Shoddy (pounds),
66,076
Cost value, . . . .
$9,797
Wool waste and noils (pounds),
204,756
Cost value, . . . .
$68,796
Tops (pounds), . . . .
6,000
Cost value, . . . .
$3,400
Woollen yam (pounds), .
128,631
Cost value, . . . .
$63,321
Worsted yam (pounds), .
411,468
Cost value, . . . .
$380,425
Merino yam (pounds),
44.604
Cost value, . . . .
$27,794
Cotton yam (pounds).
2,610,886
Cost value, . . . .
$628,636
Silk yam (pounds), .
10,114
Cost value, . . . .
$81,816
Spun silk yam (pounds), .
20,670
Cost value, . . . .
$64,044
Linen (pounds)
678
Cost value, . . . .
$678
Soap,
$7,682
Oil
$1,602
Chemicals and dyestuffs, .
$121,626
Fuel
$63,119
Rent of power and heat, .
$8,696
Mill supplies
$22,834
All other materials, .* .
$348,143
Freight,
$28,928
Cotton yam made in mill for use
therein (pounds).
8,665,496
Classitioation.
Value of goods made and work
done,
$6,620,267
Woollen half hose (dozen) ,
32,000
Selling value, . . . .
$72,444
Woollen hose (dozen).
21,311
Selling value, . . . .
$44,858
Merino or mixed half hose
(dozen)
48.140
Selling value, . . . .
$49,225
Merino or mixed hose (dozen).
2.160
Selling value, . . . .
$3,240
Cotton half hose (dozen), .
223,420
Selling value, . . . .
$321,076
Cotton hose (dozen), .
2,031,921
Selling value
$1,384,866
Silk hose (dozen), .
4,902
Selling value
$77,112
Shirts and drawers —
Merino or mixed (dozen), .
75,121
Selling value.
$284,956
All wool (dozen), .
64,366
Selling value,
$605,379
All cotton (dozen), .
862,167
Selling value.
$2,304,872
Silk or silk mixed (dozen), .
4,600
Selling value.
$37,830
Combination suits —
Merino or mixed (dozen),
30.514
Selling value.
$231,438
All wool (dozen), .
969
Selling value.
$23,897
All cotton (dozen),.
12,069
Selling value.
$96,406
Bilk or silk mixed (dozen), .
1,281
Selling value.
$16,200
Legglns and gaiters (dozen), .
4,862
Selling value.
$24,987
Gloves and mittens (dozen), .
61,440
Selling value.
$110,440
Hoods, scarfs, nubias, etc..
(dozen), . . . .
1,060
Selling value.
$6,850
Cardigan Jackets, sweaters, etc.
(dozen), . . . .
7,476
Selling value.
$116,766
Shawls (dozen), . . . .
416
Selling value.
$1,261
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
Eosiery and Knit Goods — Concluded.
213
Clabbitication.
Value of goodB made and work
done — Con.
Fancy knit gooda, wrUtera, ete.
(dozen), .
Selling valne.
Boot and shoe llnlnga (Bquare
yarda), . .
Belling value,
ABtrakhana (aquare yards).
Belling value,
Jersey cloth and stockinet
(square yards),
BelUng value.
Cotton yam (pounds),
Belling value.
Waste (pounds).
Selling value.
All other products,
Contract work, .
Miscellaneous expenses.
Rent of works, .
Taxes (not internal revenue),
Interest, Insurance, etc., .
Contract work, .
Number of salaried i>ersons,
Total salaries, .
Persons employed :
Average number.
Males (16 years and over),
Females (16 years and over),
Children (under 16 years).
Smallest number,
Oreatest number.
10,841
$26,860
906,000
$236,750
24,000
$11,843
461,184
$163,061
1,880,670
$336,887
172,979
$6,969
$82,986
$92,826
$628,103
$18,680
$65,619
$340,064
$113,950
166
$212,763
6,667
1,668
4,649
460
5,716
7,690
CLAssinoAnoif.
IfNKI
Total wages paid, .
Males, . .
Females,
Children,
Skilled operatives :
Spinners,
Males,
Females, .
Knitters,
Males,
Females, .
Children, .
Finishers, .
Males,
Females, .
Children, .
Machinery, etc. :
Sets of woollen cards,
Combing machines, .
Spindles,
Sewing machines.
Knitting machines, .
Steam engines, .
Horsepower, .
Gas or gasoline engines,
Horse power, .
Water wheels, .
Horse power, .
Electric motors, .
Horse power, .
Other engines, .
Horse power, .
$2,091,268
$762,031
$1,263,648
$76,684
116
88
27
901
379
496
26
368
227
120
11
39
3
108,938
1.856
6,003
46
4,633
1
8
11
1,040
3
36
1
4
According to Bulletin No. 2 15 , Massachusetts leads in the man-
ufacture of cotton goods and cotton small wares, the aggregate
value of goods made in 1900 being $111,125,175, or about one-
third of the total product of the United States. The progress
made in cotton manufacturing in this State since 1840 is shown
in the following table :
Tkabs.
Estab-
lishments
Capital
Stock Used
Product
Persons
Employed
Wages Paid
1840, ....
1850, ....
I860, ....
278
213
217
$17,414,099
28,455,630
33,704,674
$11,289,309
17,214,692
$16,553,423
19,712,461
38,004,266
20,928
28,730
38,461
$7,798,476
Digitized by VjOOQIC
214 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Years.
Estab-
lishments
Capital
Stock Used
Product
Persons
Employed
Wages Paid
1870
1880
1890
1900, ....
191
175
187
177
$44,714,376
72,291,601
128,838,837
156,289,451
$87,371,599
35,994,109
56,586,283
54,389,045
$59,498,153
72,289,518
100,202,882
111,126,175
43,512
61,844
75,544
92,516
$13,589,305
15,828,571
25,118,365
32,478,697
In the following table we reproduce the statistics shown in
the bulletin for cotton goods for 1900 :
Cotton Goods.
Classification.
1900
I7umber of eBtablishments,
Private firms,
Corporations,
Amount of capital invested.
Land
Buildings, .
Machinery, tools, et«..
Cash and sundries, .
Talne of stock and materials used,
Cotton —
Sea island (pounds), . . . .
Cost value,
Other domestic (pounds), .
Cost value,
Egyptian and other foreign (pounds).
Cost value,
Tarns —
Cotton (pounds),
Cost value,
Woollen (pounds), . . . .
Cost value
Worsted (pounds), v . . . .
Cost value,
Silk (pounds),
Cost value,
Spun silk (pounds), ....
Cost value,
Other yarns (pounds), .
Cost value,
Waste of other mills (pounds),
Cost value,
Oil
Starch,
Chemicals and dyestuffs
Fuel,
Rent of power and heat, ....
163
25
138
$155,761,193
$8,716,746
$30,066,848
$57,928,100
$59,049,499
$54,068,038
8,602,645
$1,194,021
617,088,846
$33,771,414
35,292,324
$3,944,845
14,770,086
$3,307,608
120,776
$29,960
113,850
$89,417
142,249
$676,210
78,679
$306,273
1,005,784
$219,551
22,392,884
$688,860
$147,001
$405,536
$2,357,106
$2,132,986
$47,728
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
Cotton Goods — Continued.
215
Classification.
Value of stock and materials used - Ck)n.
Hill supplies,
All other materials, ....
Freight
Value of goods made and work doue,
PlaiD cloths for printing or converting, not finer than No. 28 warp (square
yards),
Selling value
Plain cloths for printing or converting, finer than No. 28 warp (square yards),
Selling value,
Brown or bleached sheetings and shirtings (square yards), ....
Selling value,
Twills and sateens (square yards),
Selling value,
Fancy woven fabrics (square yards),
Selling value,
Ginghams (square yards),
Belling value,
Sail duck (square yards)
Selling value,
Other duck (square yards),
Selling value,
Drills (square yards),
Selling value,
Ticks, denims, and stripes (square yards),
Selling value,
Cottonades (square yards),
Selling value,
Napped fabrics (square yards),
Selling value
Corduroy, cotton velvet, and plush (square yards)
Selling value,
Mosquito and other netting (square yards),
Selling value,
Tapestries — piece goods and curtains (square yards),
Selling value
Bags and bagging (square yards),
Selling value,
Tape and webbing (pieces),
Selling value,
Yarns for Bale (pounds),
Selling value,
Sewing cotton (pounds) ,
Selling value,
Twine (pounds)
SeUing value,
Batting and wadding (pounds),
Selling value,
Waste for sale (pounds), ' .
Selling value
$2,527,224
$1,575,707
$646,592
$110,478,327
687,235,050
$22,164,741
240,170.139
$9,774,579
176,283,924
$9,255,612
86,668,240
$5,859,028
137,064,111
$10,995,987
53,932,358
$3,949,351
153,328
$38,910
17,750,629
$1,638,320
20,475,203
$1,316,071
63,794,396
$5,380,680
1,190,555
$145,606
137,199,384
$9,328,653
1,687,597
$349,343
1,958,116
$137,175
447,267
$50,494
8,240,942
$312,132
2,166
$363
87,656,177
$18,20.%806
3,390,883
$2,800,495
1,245,540
$135,639
380,500
$18,524
114,256,895
$2,609,039
Digitized by VjOOQIC
216 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub.Doc,
Cotton Goods — Continaed.
CxjissinoATioir.
Vftlue of goods made and work done — Oon.
Other products of cotton, ....
AM other prodnots,
Ooode exported during the year ending June 80, 1900,
Piece goods (pounds),
Yams spun and not woven in the mill (pounds), .
Other products (pounds), .....
Printing, dyeing, bleaching, and mercerising cloth and yam in cotton mills :
Number of printing machines,
Cloth printed (square yards)
Additional value given by printing,
Cloth dyed (square yards),
Tarn dyed (pounds)
Additional value given by dyeing,
Cloth bleached (square yards),
Additional value given by bleaching,
Yam mercerised (pounds),
Additional value given by mercerizing,
Miscellaneous expenses.
Rent of works, .
Taxes,.
Interest, insurance, etc.,
Contraqt work, .
Number of salaried persons,
Total salaries, .
Persons employed :
Average number, . .
Males (16 years and over), .
Females (16 years and over),
Children (under 16 years), .
Bmallest number, ...
Oreatest number, • • •
Total wages paid,
Males. . .
Females, .
Children, .
Skilled operatives :
Mule spinners, .
Males, . .
Females,
ChUdren,
Frame spinners.
Males, . .
Females, .
Children,
$1,182,466
$4,829,304
$8,489,240
861,768,746
88,970,826
14.657.121
242,057,566
$4,175,287
41,040,589
* 41,590,782
$1,551,298
t 78,698,381
$286,788
1,340,254
$208,574
$7,243,357
$13,714
$1,654,300
$5,391,81S
$183,530
1,080
$2,013,902
92,08j>
45,105
41,057
5,928
82,991
99,001
$82,327,443
$18,298,457
$12,855,112
$1,173,874
2,377
2,245
40
92
9,287
1,918
6,250
1,110
* Does not include 45,432 dozen underwear.
t Does not include 975,000 yards cotton, 11,980 dozen underwear, and 646,931 quilts.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.] COMPARISONS; 1895, 1900.
CoUon Goods — Concluded.
217
CLASsnricATiov.
Skilled operatives — Oon.
Weavers , .
Males, .
Females,
ChUdren,
Hachinery, etc. :
Spindles * .
Mule, . . .
Frame, .
Looms,
Bteam engines, .
Hone power,
Gas or gasoline engines,
Horae power,
Water wheels, .
Horae power.
Electric motora, .
Horse power.
81,106
14,038
16,667
611
7,784,687
2,666,316
6,228,371
179,280
667
210,880
8
206
333
64,168
63
6,671
* Prodadng spindles; not including twisting and doubling spindles.
The number of working spindles is the generally accepted
measure of the capacity of cotton mills and, while imperfect,
is considered more accurate than the bases of capital, persons
employed, wages, stock used, or value of product. The total
number of active producing cotton spindles in the textile mills
of Massachusetts during the census year 1900 was 7,932,883,
distributed as follows :
In cotton mills, 7,784,687
In hosiery and knit goods mills, .... 91,356
In worsted mills, 60,080
In woollen and carpet mills, 3,760
In cotton small wares and cordage and twine mills, 3,000
The number of active cotton spindles in 1900 in the United
States was 19,472,232, distributed as follows :
New England States, 13,171,877
Middle States, 1,721,347
Southern States, 4,354,034
Western States, 225,474
Numerically there has been an increase of about 19 per cent
over 1890 in the number of spindles in cotton mills in the New
Digitized by VjOOQIC
218 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
England States, about one per cent in the iliddle States,
nearly 177 per cent in the Southern States, and 29 per cent in
the Western States. ' < Taking account of the spinning capacity
of spindles, the growth of the industry in the New England
States is probably not greatly above that which is indicated by
the actual number of spindles, since the mills in that part of the
country were in advance of the South in installing improved
spindles. On the other hand, not only has the number of
spindles in the Southern States become nearly three-fold that
reported in 1890, but the spindles themselves are for the most
part of the latest and most efficient types."
The next table shows the number of mule and frame spindles
in cotton mills for 1880, 1890, and 1900 for Massachusetts.
Years.
1880,
1890,
1900,
2,430,719
2,666,316
3,398,790
6,228,371
4,236,084
6,824,618
7,784,687
From the above figures, it is evident that there has been an
increase in the number of frame spindles, indicating an apparent
substitution of frames for mules, but, as set forth in the Census
Bulletin, this is not so much due to the removal of mules from
the old mills as to a change in the class of product. "It is
well known that although for most purposes in cotton man-
ufacturing, the yarn made upon ring spindles is altogether
satisfactory, there is a demand for slack-twisted yarn chiefly
for knit underwear, which has heretofore been produced by
the mule only. Moreover, a mechanical difficulty which has
not been overcome has been experienced in employing ring
spindles for spinning upon cops, where the yarn made in one
mill must be transported to another part of the country for
consumption in hosiery mills. It is, therefore, not probable
that there will be a reduction in the number of mules in use,
and there may even be an increase ; but the economy in the
production of yarn by ring spindles, and the fact that the
machinery can be operated by labor not so highly skilled as is
required for mule spinning, will doubtless cause the tendency
Digitized by VjOOQIC
No. 36.]
COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
219
to install ftume spindles in new spinning and weaving mills
to continue." Out of every 100 spindles in use in Massachu-
setts, 42 were mule and 58 frame in 1890, and 33 were mule
and 67 frame in 1900.
A separate classification in 1900 was made for establishments
producing cotton small wares, including tape, webbing, etc.,
and the figures are shown in the following table :
Cotton Small Wares.
CLASSmCATIOK.
Number of establiihments,
IMvate firmB,
CorporatlonB,
Amount of capital invested,
Land, ....
Buildings, .
Machinery, tools, etc..
Cash and sundries,
Value of stock and materials
Cotton (pounds),
Cost value,
Cotton yam (pounds),
Cost value,
Worsted yam (pounds).
Cost value.
Other yam (pounds),
Cost value,
Waste (pounds),
Cost value,
Oil
Starch, ....
Chemicals and dyestuffs.
Fuel
Rent of power and heat.
Mill supplies,
All other materials, .
Freight,
Value of goods made and
done,
Tape and webbing.
Waste for sale (pounds),
Selling value, .
Other products of cotton.
All other products, .
used.
work
14
$528,258
$19,774
$n,353
$240,819
$190,312
$321,007
100,189
$6,718
1,767,690
$255,157
250
$150
1,042
$407
6,500
$390
$425
$493
$1,172
$6,690
$3,510
$18,061
$26,543
$1,291
$646,848
$215,336
340,379
$4,027
$345,905
$81,580
Classificatiom.
Miscellaneous expenses,
Rent of works, .
Taxes,
Interest, insurance, etc., .
Number of salaried persons,
Total salaries, .
Persons employed :
Average number,
Males (16 years and over).
Females (16 years and over),
Children (under 16 years) ,
Smallest number,
Greatest number.
Total wages paid, .
Males,
Females, ....
Children, ....
Skilled operatives :
Weavers,
Males,
Females, .
Machinery, etc. :
Looms,
Steam engines, .
Horse power, .
Oas or gasoline engines,
Horse power, .
Water wheels.
Horse power, .
1900
$31,754
$5,362
$4,515
$21,877
24
$32,150'
430>
140>
241
49
35a
519
$151,254
$68,636
$74,138
$8,48a
142
20
122
302
6
435
1
36
5
240
In the next table we present data for Massachusetts for all
of the textile industries combined.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
220 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Combined Textiles.
Classification.
IfNKI
Number of establishments,
Amount of capital inTested,
Value of stock and materials used, .
Value of goods made and work done,
Average number of persona employed,
Total wages paid, ....
611
$283,786,325
$120,894,172
$225,001,724
153,732
$55,882,006
As compared with the other states of the Union, Massachu-
setts ranks first in the manufacture of boots and shoes, a posi-
tion which it has held in each of the census years 1880, 1890,
and 1900. The aggregate value of factory product for 1900
was $117,115,243, the total value for the United States being
$261,028,580. The table which follows presents statistics in
detail for this State :
Boots and Shoes (Factory Product),
Classification.
IINIO
Number of establishments,
Private firms,
Corporations, .
Amount of capital invested, ,
Land
Buildings, ...
Machinery, tools, etc..
Cash and sundries, .
Value of stock and materials used.
Sole leather (pounds), ....
Cost value
Split leather (pounds). ....
Cost value, ,
Calf and kip skins (pounds), .
Cost value,
Grain and other side leather (square feet) ,
Cost value
Goatskins (square feet), ....
Cost value,
All other upper leather (square feet) , .
Cost value,
Sheep and leather linings and trinmiings,
Cut soles, heels, etc., ....
Findings,
Fuel,
640
554
86
$37,577,630
$674,179
$2,360,203
$5,750,238
$28,793,010
$75,751,964
79,038,736
$16,626,246
9,905,569
$1,865,953
5,110,293
$8,628,419
60,717,718
$7,294,397
99,846,696
$14,500,991
47,844,310
$7,273,400
$3,372,122
$8,876,400
$5,678,443
$264,902
Digitized by VjOOQIC
2fo.36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
Boots and Shoes {Factory Product) — Contanned.
221
CLA88IPICATION.
Value of stock and mateiiale used — Con.
Bent of power and heat, .
Mill supplies,
All other materials, . . .
Freight,
Value of goods made and work done,
Men's boots and shoes (pairs),
Selling value
Boys' and youths' boots and shoes (pairs),
Selling value,
Women's boots and shoes (pairs) ,
Selling value,
Misses' and children's boots and shoes (pairs)
Selling value,
Men's, boys', and youths' slippers (pairs),
Selling value, •
Women's, misses', and children's slippers, oxfords, and low cuts (pairs).
Selling value,
Another kinds (pairs), • •
Selling value,
All other products, * . . * .
Amount received for custom or contract work done,
.Miscellaneous expenses,
Bent of works, .
Taxes (not internal revenue).
Interest, insurance, etc., .
Contract work, .
Number of salaried persons,
Salaries paid.
.Persons employed :
Average number,
Males (16 years and over), .
Females (16 years and over),
Children (under 16 years), .
Smallest number,
Greatest number,
'Total wages paid,
Males, .
Females,
Children, .
Employes by classes :
Cutters,
Stitchers, .
Lasters,
Bottomers, .
Edgemakers,
Finishers, .
$155,165
$85,959
$5,764,500
$465,077
$117,115,243
40,004,809
$59,628,707
10,665,620
$9,975,116
24,500,767
$28,034,460
14,509,745
$9,170,140
3,282,260
$2,057,672
8,769,854
$6,881,058
999,490
$360,086
$186,386
$821,618
$4,826,896
$192,577
$3,252,789
$981,637
2,546
$2,487,013
58,645
39,022
18,636
987
45,579
72,261
$27,745,820
$20,873,248
$6,686,138
$186,434
8,586
16,352
8,147
10,907
2,705
6,750
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222 STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES. [Pub. Doc.
Boots and Shoes (Factory Product) — Concluded.
Classification.
Mazimnm daily capacity of factories (pairs),
Total floor space in factories (square feet),
Steam engines,
Horsepower,
Oas or gasoline engines, ....
Horsepower,
Water wheels,
Horsepower,
Electric motors
Horsepower,
Other horse power,
090,804
10,U8,726
232
18,250
7
82
3
130
8
203
55
In the following table, we have reproduced from Census Bul-
letin No. 171 the data for Massachusetts relating to the manu-
facture of rubber boots and shoes :
Boots and Shoes (Bubber),
Classification.
Number of establishments, .
Amount of capital invested, .
Land,
Buildings,
Machinery, tools, etc.,
Cash and sundries, .
Valu^ of stock and materials
used,
Principal materials, . . •
Raw, . . .
Partly manufactured, .
Fuel,
Mill supplies, . . . .
Freight,
Value of goods made and work
done, ....
Boots and shoes (rubber).
Men's
Boots
Shoes, ....
Tennis shoes,
Arctic overs.
Lumbermen's overs, .
Felt boots, .
1900
$18,157,821
$377,473
$1,082,003
$898,402
$10,700,383
$8,887,688
$8,645,083
$5,741,053
$2,904,030
$85,200
$70,938
$29,801
$10,490,015
$15,773,553
$11,195,770
$0,405,974
$1,074,087
$380,277
$1,002,013
$1,031,158
$80,201
Classification.
Value of goods made and work
done — Cod.
Boots and shoes (rubber) - Con,
Women's,
Boots, .
Shoes, .
Tennis shoes,
Arctic overs.
Children's,
Boots, .
Shoes, .
Tennis shoes,
Arctic overs,
Lumbermen's overs,
All other products, .
Pairs of rubber boots and shoes
made, .
Men's, .
Boots,
Shoes,
Tennis shoes,
Arctic overs.
Lumbermen's overs,
Felt boots,
1000
$3,042,142
$219,080
$2,231,705
$129,357
$401,340
$1,535,041
$900,400
$842,197
$123,541
$135,437
$28,000
$716,462
19,750,961
0,287,815
2,082,541
8,751,082
623,420
1,090,052
990,902
143,752
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No. 36.] COMPARISONS: 1895, 1900.
Boots and Shoes {Rvhber) — Concluded.
223
Classification.
Pairs of rubber boots and shoes
made — Cod.
Women's, .
Boots,
Shoes,
Tennis shoes,
Arctic overs.
Children's, .
Boots,
Shoes,
Tennis shoes,
Arctic overs,
Lumbermen's overs,
Miscellaneous expenses.
Taxes ( not internal revenue) ,
Sundries, ....
1900
Number of salaried persons.
Total salaries paid, .
8,105,873 I
169,174
7,102,051
220,807 ,
628,841 I
2,357,273 ^
444,889 :
1,433,434
206,726
224,296
47,928
$1,081,132
$127,566
$953,566
153
$220,321
Classifioatioit.
Persons employed :
Average number,
Males (16 years and over).
Females (16 years and over)
Children (under 16 years),
Greatest number,
Smallest number,
Total wages paid, .
Males,
Females, ....
Children, ....
Machinery :
Steam engines.
Horse power,
Water wheels.
Horse power,
Other engines,
Horse power,
5,250
2,921
2,272
57
6,913
3,335
$2,456,305
$1,672,136
$774,152
$10,017
27
8,190
4
175
1
50
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JUL - 3 1978
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