country once again in anger and in mourning over the killing of a black man at the hands of police. new video reveals the violent arrest and beating that led to the death of tyre nichols in memphis. >> as a mother, you want to be there when your children need you. when i heard my son was crying and i wasn't there, and hurt my heart. john: catching up. learning loss on what can be done to those the gap. how some states are working to fund the 9-8-8 suicide and mental health crisis hotline, before federal money runs out.

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this program was made possible by the corporation of public broadcasting and contributions by viewers like you. john: across the nation, people are struggling to come to grips with the shocking display of excessive force by police in memphis police in the beating death of 29-year-old tyre nichols. officials warned in advance that the videos made public last night were graphic and disturbing -- and they certainly are that. we want to issue the same morning to you and we have carefully chosen which portions of the video toroadcast, choosing not to show you the most violent moments. it looked to be a routine traffic stop. the fatal altercation as it

unfolded. police officers tackled tyre nichols. he entually broke free, one officer deployed his taser. one body nichols was apprehended one block from the traffic stop. multiple officers punched and kicked him in the head and torso and one officer hit him multiple times with a baton. he cried out for his mother. his house was just a short distance away. he sat on the ground, propped up on the side of a car before paramedics arrived. >> as a mother, you want to be there when your children need

you. when i heard he was calling my name and i was not there, and hurt my heart. >> she died three days later. an avid skateboarder and lover of sunsets. protesters gathered across the country. protesters shut down the highway bridge and the reaction was -- >> hurt, anger. john: in new york city, there were scuffles between police and protesters, but the demonstrations remained largely peaceful. five memphis police officers were fired and thursday, each was charged with second-degree murder.

his spfather told good morning america charges should not stop there. >> there should been me -- be five or six other police officers charts in the case. at the initial encounter, there was a white officer that was tasting my son. we do not understand why his name is not put out there. john: after the video was released, two deputies at the scene were put on leave pending the outcome of the investigation. once again, the spotlight is on policing and the use of force. a senior fellow and professor of criminal justice joins us.

the video is difficult to watch for anybody. as a former police officer who taught use of force, stood out to you? >> its way outside of the bounds , we saw a deadly brew of incompetence, bravado, machismo. we saw a subculture, how he can impact units and sheriff's department, the mt and fire department. it shows how deeply the cultures can run. they let down the city of memphis, families, tyree and his family. john: was this subculture aimed

at street crime? >> that's an interesting question. research shows they are more likely to use force. they are more likely to have misconduct, increased competition for arrests and traffic stops. maybe it's just a subculture. then i so the other officers standing around. the sheriff's department deputies who do not intervene. this is an issue at the city level that includes the fire department and police department

, so it's a subculture that permeates not with every officer but definitely one that allows these things to happen. john: how do you root that out? >> training. i would training in de-escalation? and how to be civil and professional? i was not trained like that. if we were to spray someone in pepper spray, we would provide water, it's a community member. it starts with training and accountability in not letting bad officers fly. they had body cams. the sad part is they were acting like this was real policing.

supervision permits that or they are not on top of it. from the front line, all the way to the police chief and how we select officers. need to make sure we are conducting background checks. reward structures. arrests, traffic stops. these things don't have much public safety value. we end up putting citizens and police and adversarial situations. john: one of the things that was striking, from the moments officers got out of the car, they seemed aggressive. >> these officers are so focused on arrests and traffic stops,

even police officers -- they think they think their real crime fighters. they believe they do not take it heavy-handed approach that the justice system will not hold them accountable. they are chasing stats. it's a competition. one person pulls out a baton. another person sprays, another person kicks. they are bragging about how many punches they got in and sitting there and were proud. this is how reward structures and focus on non-evidence-based practices when it comes to combating crimes can result of these issues. john: talk about being rewarded for making traffic stops. why do soany seem to go back? -- bad? >> there concentrated

disproportionately in black, brad communities. think about the government, police, and black and brown neighborhoods. the is a higher level of fear of police. when you're afraid, it's fight, flight, or freeze. those things and get you injured or hurt or be misinterpreted. officers are afraid as well. you have fear on both sides. look at tyree. he was trying to comply and he got up and ran. he did not trust them. it shows how distrust can lead to these situations. this is what you see with eric garner, george floyd, many cases

that were small infractions that we would consider less serious. you not thinking about what this means to the person. you are thinking about your career. john: thank you so much for your insight. this afternoon, the memphis police department said they deactivated the scorpion unit. tensions are on the rise in israel after a 13-year-old boy opened fire and wounded two israelis in east jerusalem this morning. police say armed civilians overpowered the attacker. last night, a palestinian gunman shot & killed seven people outside a synagogue in an israeli settlement in east jerusalem. prime minister benjamin netanyahu and the top national security minister visited the synagogue overnight. fresh blood still ran down the pavement. netanyahu convened his cabinet

this evening to consider israel's response to the violence - measures that include authorizing more gun licenses for israeli citizens, and ceiling and destroying the homes of accused terrorists. this afternoon secretary of state antony blinken departed for a trip to the middle east, including israel on nday. floodwaters are receding and could begin in auckland. locals collected debris, floodwaters tossed cars and sent homes down eroded hillsides. prime minister chris hipkins assessed the widespread damage by helicopter today, after more than 15 inches of rainfall left parts of the city under water. a state of emergency remains in place. three people have died, and another is missing. pope francis is clarifying his words days after he said in an interview that being gay is not a crime, but it is a sin.

the pontiff responded to a question from a ministry for l-g-b-t-q catholics in a handwritten note, dated yesterday. francis wrote: "when i said it is a sin, i was simply referring to catholic moral teaching, which says that every sexual act outside of marriage is a sin." the pope went on to say each case should be considered individually. former president donald trump if the campaign trail for the first time since announcing his 2020 forbid. he went to the early-primary states of new hampshire & south carolina. he's the only 2024 republican candidate who's officially entered the race. but, others are expected to run, including his former vice president mike pence and florida governor ron desantis. on this day 37 years ago the , space shuttle challenger exploded just 73 seconds after lifting off from cape canaveral. all seven crew members were killed, including teacher christa mcauliffe, who would have been the first private citizen to travel into space. the catastrophic accident

remains one of space exploration's worst tragedies. still to come. closing the learning gap caused by covid. some states are fond the 988 suicide hotline. >> this is pbs news week land. john: nearly three years into the pandemic, students and teachers are still trying to close the education gap. tonight, geoff bennett continues his reporting on learning loss and what it will take to overcome. reporter: yesterday, we reported how baltimore city public

schools is helping children catch up. today, we focus on the challenges facing students nationwide, and efforts to stem that learning loss. congress gave schools billions of dollars to help students get up to speed on what they missed. but, nerous studies show students are still behind. during the pandemic, reading scores dropped by the largest numbers in 30 years and math scores fell for the first time ever. robert is a researcher, he is working with the national partnership for success to address learning loss. >> it is great to have you here. paint a picture what this looks like nationwide. >> has been quite significant. on average, students lost more than one half year of math learning, it had two sources.

interrupted learning. it was also a disconnection from schooling. once that was broken, it was hard to repair. the other thing is some kids had more than others. in some other places, they did not lose much at all. john: what types of interventions are working? >> we have a couple of good things in our arsenal. remind ourselves the kids are resilient. if we give them good instruction, many can accelerate. for those with the biggest losses, there is nothing better than high dosage tutoring. there is research showing that

if kids know there is an adult cares at them, they will feel connected and that's as close as we have two a prevention measure. reporter: schools are facing a harrowing step in shortage. it's especially true in rural parts of the country. there was some reporting in the south about a rural school in mississippi where the geometry teacher is a recording and students are teachin themselves. understanding there is no easy solution, what c be done to address that? >> is a we are trying to do. we're trying to get 250,000 more adults in schools as mentors, tutors, suess coaches. we're looking at places like college work-study students, folks that are volunteering for big brothers and big sisters.

even corporate volunteers to create this army of adults that can help. >> billions of dollars in funding has been given out to schools across the country. funding is no guarantee. how should administrators think about pairing the money with effective programs? >> there's been criticism they have not spent fast enough, in some ways that's ok. to do this well takes a lot of preparation. you have to have money and people, time and space, and convince kids and students they should engage in it. remember that students do not walk around saying i have learning loss. there is work to be done. we're are starting to turn the corner. i am optimistic.

>> that was my last question. can this be recovered? it seems like the answer is yes. >> one, kids are resilient. two, we have evidence-based strategies, and schools have the resources to impleme them and they are ready to do it. in the next year or two, we will see a lot of progress. reporter: great to speak with you. john: since last july, the nation might hotline for people experiencing a mental health crisis has received more than 2 million calls, text and chats, nearly a half million more than

the old hotline during the same period in 2021. they got a big boost from e federal government. right now, only 16 states have put in place comprehensive or partial long-term on big, states without funding, ohio. and ohio state representative, thanks for joining us. we heard the nationwide figures. is the demand an ohio similar? >> we're seeing an uptick in calls, chats, connections. mental health is a crisis here and around the country. we are trying to be able to respond in a way that is helpful. >> what do you see as the advantages? >> the number is easy to

remember. 988 is designed to connect the person in crisis with a caring counselor who can help the person in the moment and resolve the issue. >> knew of legislation that would create a permanent funding mechanism in ohio. how important is it decades past? >> we want to save lives and respond to people in need. we want to operate the system and upgraded so it includes th chats to be able to get the technology across the state. right now, only a few call centers can receive chats and texts, but all are able to take calls and respond to calls.

we need to upgrade technology. john: your bill creates a hunt and would still rely on creation from the legislature. other states are losing a fee, why did you choose your mechanism? >> state of ohio, many families are overburdened with inflation and other conditions. we want to make this a priority in our governor is an outspoken advocate for mental health. we just made this is a priority to keep it funded, up and running. john: do you think the federal government should put more money into this?

>> it was a federal mandate. to receive and respond to this, we have been able to find it with recovery funds and other initiatives within the state. we believe we can continue that. john: it passed the house unanimously last session. what are your hopes? >> we will be introducing the bill in the house as soon as parties can get together to make sure the language is what we want to present within the next month or so, we will get the bill finished up and it will be ready to be heard again in the house. is time, where hoping there is

time to get it through the senate. john: thank you very much and drawing attention to the prevention of suicide. that is pbs news weekend. for all of my colleagues, thanks for joining us. see you torrow. >> major funding has been provided by. >> for 25 years, consumer cellular is offering plans designed to help people do more of what they like. our team can help fund the plan that fits you. visit consumercellular.tv. >> pen, with thengoing support

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